东荣三矿冻结段井壁破坏原因简析

介绍了东荣三矿主井、副井、东风井三个井筒冻结段井壁的施工及破坏情况,并针对破坏的原因进行了分析,同时对冻结段的井壁结构型式提出了建议。     

Mannitol and oligosaccharides as new criteria for determining cold tolerance in sugarcane varieties

Sugarcane can be very susceptible to damage by freezes. Freeze-deteriorated cane can cause problems in processing and sometimes leads to a factory shut-down. This study was undertaken during the 2000/2001 harvest season to assess the cold tolerance performance of six commercial sugarcane varieties and to establish new and more sensitive criteria to measure cold tolerance. Two varieties CP 70-321 and CP 79-318, with known cold tolerance, were planted in the study as controls. The other varieties included LHo 83-153, LCP 85-384, HoCP 85-845 and HoCP 91-555. Freezing temperatures occurred on 20 December 2000 when the min. field temperature was −4.4 °C, and again on 21 December, 30 December through 5 January 2001, 9–10 January and 20–21 January. The lowest field temperature recorded was −5.6 °C on 4 January. Freezing conditions prevailed for 8–15 h during each freeze incident. Stalks of all varieties were frozen to the ground following the initial freeze, with freeze cracks evident only after the 4 January freeze. For this study, samples were taken on the date of the first freeze, 20 December, and subsequently again at 7, 14, 22 and 30 days after the first freeze. Criteria used to measure overall stalk cold-tolerance included changes in pH, Brix, dextran (ASI-II method), sucrose, glucose, and fructose concentrations. Mannitol, ethanol and the oligosaccharides, palatinose, leucrose, iso-maltotriose and 1-kestose, were simultaneuously measured using IC-IPAD. Marked differences were observed in most criteria for all varieties, particularly 22 and 30 days after the first freeze. Mannitol was strongly correlated (r²=0.84) with dextran, confirming its use as an indicator for cane dextran deterioration. In comparison, ethanol was only weakly correlated (r²=0.55) with dextran and did not always predict cane dextran deterioration. Iso maltotriose was the most sensitive oligosaccharide indicator of freeze deterioration, although both leucrose and palatinose could be used to confirm whether severe dextran formation (>1500 ppm/Brix) has occurred in cane. Isomaltotriose was strongly correlated (r²=0.89) with dextran and pH (r²=−0.83); pH was also a strong indicator of both dextran (r²=−0.85) and mannitol (r²=−0.92) formation. Four of the varieties, CP 79-318, LCP 85-384, HoCP 85-845 and HoCP 91-555, were shown to be susceptible to other sources of microbial and enzymic deterioration as well as dextran deterioration from Leuconostoc bacteria, especially 30 days after the first freeze. This was indicated by increased glucose/fructose ratios, ethanol formation, changes in 1-kestose concentration, and further sucrose losses.     

μC／OS—Ⅲ在Cortex—M3处理器上的移植

为了将μC／OS-Ⅲ移植到Cortex—M3处理器上,选用RealView MDK作为软件开发平台,针对Cortex—M3处理器特性编写了移植所需的C语言和汇编语言源代码,并验证了移植的正确性。移植后的μC／OS-Ⅲ能够稳定运行于Cortex～M3处理器上。该移植对大部分Cortex—M3处理器具有通用性,对其他架构处理器的μC／OS-Ⅲ移植具有参考作用。     

A New Process to Make a Porous PTFE Structure from Aqueous PTFE Dispersion with the Help of Hydrogel

A novel method to make a porous material having relatively large cell diameter (200–300 m), which consisted of mainly poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), was developed from aqueous PTFE dispersion by using the characteristics of hydrogel with the addition of carbon nanofiber (CNF). The porous material was produced as follows: firstly, an aqueous agar gel containing PTFE and CNF was prepared; secondly, the gel was freeze-dried; thirdly, the dried gel was heat-treated at 400°C where the agar was almost decomposed and PTFE became molten. The porous material showed electric conductivity (about 50 ), high porosity (about 96 vol%), and relatively uniform cell structures without shrinkage during freeze drying and heat treatment. While the method without CNF resulted in large shrinkage during heat treatment, meaning that CNF prevented the shrinkage. It was explained by the idea that the existence of rigid CNF, which was dispersed in the cell wall, prohibited the shrinkage of PTFE during heat treatment. It was unexpectedly found by SEM analysis that the porous materials had another macro-porous structure inside the cell wall, suggesting that the developed materials had a double porous structure.     

微波诱导稀土复合固体超强酸SO4^2-／ZrO2-Nd2O3催化合成乙酸苄酯

以新型稀土复合固体超强酸为催化剂，在微波辐射下苯甲醇和乙酸反应合成了乙酸苄酯，探索反应各因素对酯化率的影响。实验结果表明：SO4^2-／ZrO2-Nd2O3具有较高的催化活性。最佳反应条件为：醇酸摩尔比2．0（乙酸用量为0．2mol前提下），催化剂用量为1．8g，带水剂环己烷12mL，微波辐射功率550W，辐射时间25min，酯化率可达96．3％。该催化剂易于回收且可重复使用，具有良好的活性稳定性。     

混凝土冻融劣化后动态单轴抗压特性试验研究

为研究混凝土冻融循环后的动态力学性能,利用10 MN动静三轴仪对不同冻融劣化程度的混凝土在不同加载速率下进行单轴压缩试验,同时采集声发射数据分析试验过程中能量释放及损伤演化规律。最后,选用Weibull-Lognormal损伤本构模型,对试验数据进行拟合分析,并分析不同工况混凝土的损伤随应变的发展规律。研究结果表明:①相同冻融劣化程度时,随应变速率增加,峰值应力增大,峰值应变减小;冻融劣化程度会影响峰值应力的率敏感性;②在应变速率相同时,随冻融循环次数增加,峰值应力随之减小,峰值应变随之增大。③混凝土冻融劣化后应力应变关系峰前服从Weibull统计分布,峰后服从Lognormal统计分布。④在相同应变速率下,随着冻融循环次数的增加,混凝土的累计塑性应变整体呈增大趋势。     

沉淀包覆法合成高活性纳米过渡态Al2O3粉

引言 为了提高氧化铝陶瓷的强度、韧性、致密度、透明性或降低其烧结温度等,要求采用纯度高、粒径小、粒度分布范围窄、烧结活性高的超细氧化铝粉为原料.     

混合H2／H∞控制问题的降阶控制器

考虑混合H2／H∞控制问题的降阶控制器的设计问题．基于线性矩阵不等式（LMI）,分别‘给出了连续和离散情形下混合H2／H∞问题的降阶控制器的设计．     

Compressibility of fine-grained soils subjected to closed-system freezing and thaw consolidation

In order to investigate the effects of freezing and thawing on the compressibility of fine-grained soils, freezing and thawing tests and subsequent compression tests with fine-grained soils in an oedometer were carried out. During the freezing, a part of the soils is loosened and another part is over-consolidated under the freezing pressure ?E. The compression curves after the freezing and thaw consolidation are neither different from the normal consolidation curve nor from the rebound curve of an unfrozen soil, until the consolidation pressure ?z = ?E is arrived. Based on the experimental results, a theoretical model has been developed to predict the frost heaves, the thaw-settlements and the compressive deformations of fine-grained soils after the thaw consolidation. The theoretical results are very close to the experimental results.     

封装板式冰蓄冷系统蓄能模糊建模与分析

针对冰蓄冷系统蓄能的非线性特性,将自适应神经网络应用于封装板式圆罐型蓄冰装置的蓄能初始化和释冷出口温度实时运行的模糊建模,进行了冰蓄冷系统蓄冷量的模糊建模,确定了实验影响因素载冷剂进口温度、载冷剂流速、蓄冷时间的隶属度函数和模糊推理规则.运用减法聚类法和网格法对模型进行初始化训练与运行对比,使蓄冷系统能够跟踪负荷情况.通过调控影响因素的参数,可以更合理地初始化设定蓄冷阶段的蓄冷量.利用该建模程序进行实时释冷出口温度模糊建模策略验证,模型运行平稳.冰蓄冷装置蓄能模糊控制性能的优化保证了蓄冷量与负荷相匹配,实时输出释冷出口温度,进而达到冰蓄冷空调系统优化及经济运行的目标.