一种基于局部频率估计的地形自适应干涉图滤波器

本文提出一种用于InSAR处理的地形自适应干涉图滤波器.该滤波器通过局部空间频率估计,依据地形的变化进行参数调整,能够有效地克服传统的多视滤波器破坏致密干涉条纹的缺点.本文详细描述该地形自适应滤波器的结构,并阐述其具体实现方法.在局部频率估计中,由于采用了二维Chirp-Z变换,滤波器的计算效率较高.用X-SAR的干涉数据对所提出的自适应滤波器进行了验证,给出了自适应滤波器和传统多视滤波器的滤波结果,说明前者具有保持干涉条纹的良好特性.     

卫星基线斜置的星载三通道SAR-DPCA运动目标检测方法研究

为了获得水平和垂直的多个相位中心信息,提出了一种新的卫星基线斜置并结合相位中心偏置天线(DPCA)技术的星载三通道合成孔径雷达地面运动目标检测方法.研究了基线斜置时的等效相位中心补偿函数,给出了在该情况下新的系统约束条件,并在此基础上分析了基线斜置角对检测盲速的影响.各通道完成相位补偿后,通过相位中心偏置天线技术实现地面运动目标检测,利用杂波抑制后的通道间干涉相位完成运动目标定位.仿真结果验证了基线斜置时该方法实现运动目标检测和定位的有效性.     

A laser interferometric dilatometer for low-expansion materials

The development of a high-precision dilatometer based on interferometry presents a number of challenges. This paper describes a laser interferometric dilatometer developed for high-precision thermal expansion measurements in the materials laboratory. The Sandia dilatometer uses dual-beam laser interferometry with a computer-controlled optical alignment feature to achieve high-precision length change measurements. This device has been modified to expand its measurement capabilities in a number of areas. A new thermal chamber has been incorporated which provides a range of measurement from 90 to 500 K while minimizing thermal effects on the optical portion of the instrument. A new specimen holder has been developed to cover this temperature range while accommodating a wider variety of specimen types. In particular, thin (1-mm) composities may be employed in the holder, which uses a single specimen, with only modest shape and preparation requirements, to provide absolute length change measurements. Tilt errors limit the overall performance of dilatometers based on dual-beam interferometry. Significant improvements in precision were demonstrated by incorporating a unique optical system which independently measures specimen holder tilt; tilt errors were corrected and a length change resolution near 0.4strain was achieved. Expansion coefficient data obtained with the device agreed with established results on fused silica and stainless steel. New expansion data were obtained from 90 to 293 K on stainless steel, NBS Standard Reference Material 738.Invited paper presented at the Tenth Symposium on Thermophysical Properties, June 20–23, 1988, Gaithersburg, Maryland, U.S.A.     

基于图像旋转匹配的组网雷达ISAR图像横向定标

基于组网雷达观测模型,分析了在多部雷达同时观测条件下所得ISAR图像之间的对应关系,提出了一种基于图像旋转匹配的转角估计办法,通过对旋转速度的一维搜索实现了目标角速度的估计。仿真结果表明,本算法能基于组网雷达所获得的多幅ISAR图像实现目标转角的稳健估计,实现ISAR图像横向定标。所提算法可对慢运动目标或平动补偿后的回波信号进行处理,适用于不同带宽、不同中心频率的宽带雷达组网形式。     

近地轨道多目标ISAR成像方法研究

空间目标的逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)图像包含丰富的信息.但足当雷达波束中包含多个运动目标且目标在距离维无法分辨时,很难得到多目标ISAR图像.通过对回波信号的分析,建立了宽带线性调频雷达信号的近地轨道多目标ISAR成像模型.在分析了空间目标的高速运动对多目标成像的影响后,提出了用商阶模糊度函数积进行多分量多项式相位信号参数估计的方法.利用估计的参数进行同波分离、速度补偿,消除目标高速运动对多目标成像的影响.最后通过仿真验证了分析结果的正确和算法的有效.并提出了近地轨道多目标成像的一般方法.     

一种基于FrFT的ISAR多目标成像方法

针对逆合成孔径雷达（IsAR）同一波束内多个运动目标在距离上重叠时的成像问题,提出了一种基于分数阶傅里叶变换（FrFT）的ISAR多目标成像新算法．首先建立多目标回波模型,通过分析各目标平动多普勒历程差异,得出各目标回波在同一距离门内均可近似为一组线性调频信号的结论．然后结合FrFT和Clean思想（FrFT-Clean）对多目标回波信号中各个目标的回波分量进行分离,最后用常规算法对各个单目标分别进行成像．仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性．     

基于联合像素模型的InSAS干涉相位估计方法

针对干涉合成孔径声呐(InSAS)成像的特点,提出了一种新的联合观测矢量构造方法用于InSAS干涉相位的估计。新方法构造的观测矢量的协方差矩阵具有确定的噪声子空间维数(为定值1),避免了原方法中因噪声子空间维数估计不准确带来的相位估计误差;另外,观测矢量构造维数更少,提高了计算效率。仿真数据及InSAS实测数据的处理结果证明了此方法的有效性。     

弹头目标的ISAR回波特性分析

针对弹道导弹目标进行逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)成像问题,对沿轨道高速运动并同时伴有自旋的弹头ISAR回波特性进行了分析.首先建立了弹头目标的运动模型和ISAR回波模型,将弹头的自旋矢量沿雷达视线方向和垂直于雷达视线方向进行分解,然后分别分析了弹头目标的轨道运动和自旋对回波信号的影响,最后进行了仿真分析.理论分析和仿真结果表明:弹头目标沿轨道的高速运动会使目标散射点产生严重的越距离单元徙动,而弹头的自旋会使目标散射点产生严重的越多普勒单元徙动,并使回波多普勒谱展宽,因而这两者都必须进行补偿.     

参考DEM误差与地表形变对雷达差分干涉相位贡献的灵敏度研究

从D-InSAR的基本原理出发,分析讨论了地形相位分量和地表形变相位分量对差分干涉相位的影响,导出了参考DEM误差和地表形变量对差分干涉相位贡献灵敏度的计算公式,得出雷达差分干涉测量中地表形变对相位贡献灵敏度要远远高于参考DEM误差对相位贡献灵敏度的结论。利用DORIS软件,对2003—12—26发生在伊朗东南部的Bam6．6级地震区,借助高程精度约为30In的GT（31P030DEM和高程精度约为10m的SRTM3DEM分别进行“二轨”法差分干涉处理,带人同一幅干涉图10194-09693（时间间隔35d、垂直基线为519rn的ENVISAT-ASAR影像对）中,得到了相似的6个干涉条纹,只是采用GTOP030DEM产生的干涉条纹有更多噪声的影响,验证了该结论的正确性。     

Inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging based on sparse signal processing

Based on the measurement model of inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) within a small aspect sector, an imaging method was presented with the application of sparse signal processing. This method can form higher resolution inverse synthetic aperture radar images from compensating incomplete measured data, and improves the clarity of the images and makes the feature structure much more clear, which is helpful for target recognition. The simulation results indicate that this method can provide clear ISAR images with high contrast under complex motion case.