贵州省白马山水库混凝土砌石拱坝优化设计

贵州省白马山水库大坝是一座混凝土砌毛石重力单曲拱坝,最大坝高48 m,采用ADAO拱坝分析与优化软件,对坝体结构、应力变形、坝肩稳定性等进行了分析。调整了设计方案,使坝体设计方案满足SL25-2006和SL282-2003等技术规范要求。     

客运专线预应力混凝土桥梁徐变变形控制方法研究

为了研究混凝土收缩徐变对客运专线预应力混凝土连续梁桥后期变形的影响,选取合理的徐变系数,通过大型有限元软件Midas建立实桥模型,模拟施工全过程,对郑徐客运专线上的一座预应力混凝土连续梁桥的收缩徐变进行分析,得出了一些改善连续梁桥后期徐变变形的结论.结果表明:在不影响施工工期的情况下,延迟合拢时间有利于控制桥梁后期徐变变形;铺设二期恒载时,从边跨往中跨铺设或从中跨往边跨铺设都能减小由徐变引起的上拱;增加顶板束或减小底板束都将改善桥梁的上拱.     

具有非局部源和边界流抛物型方程组解的性质

研究了一类具有非局部源及边界流抛物型组解的性质,通过构造方程组的上、下解及运用比较定理,得到了方程组解整体存在及解在有限时刻爆破的充分条件。由此得到,当反应项和扩散项的指数满足不同条件时,方程组的解具有不同的性质。     

The relation between the parabolic rate constants for the internal oxidation of binary alloys in terms of weight gain or thickness

A calculation of the parabolic rate law for internal oxidation in binary alloys expressed in terms of weight gain shows that its dependence on the concentration of the most-reactive component is different from that predicted by the classical Wagner treatment for the rate constant expressed in terms of thickness of the internal oxidation zone. It is shown that the ratio between the two rate constants for a given system is a very sensitive function of the concentration of the reactive element in the alloy.     

基于相关法的低采样率超声水表时延估计方法

针对当前超声水表中相关法时间分辨率只能达到采样周期的问题,提出了一种基于相关法的低采样率超声水表时延估计方法.首先,研究了超声水表中所能达到的最大时间延迟;其次,讨论了相关法在超声水表当中的具体应用及插值算法对于提高流量测量精度的作用;最后,利用MATLAB软件对算法进行仿真评估了实际噪声条件下算法能达到的时延估计精度并搭建流量计量系统证明算法的有效性.仿真结果表明,在超声换能器频率为1 MHz、采样频率为4 MHz的情况下,时延估计的平均绝对误差在百皮秒内.表明该算法能在较低的采样频率下实现高精度的时延估计,在时延估计精度上比传统相关法更具有优越性.     

Kinetics and mechanism of iodide-film growth on lead-effect of short-circuiting and higher-valent dopant

The effect of a higher-valent dopant like Sb on the iodination rate of lead under normal and short-circuit conditions in iodine pressure of 0.615–6.578 kPa and in the temperature range of 423–523 K has been investigated. Like pure Pb, Sb-doped Pb also follows the parabolic law of film growth. The isothermal parabolic rate constants are found to be enhanced due to the presence of Sb. The iodine-vapor-pressure dependence of the isothermal parabolic rate constant has been observed to be k_ppI ₂ ^1/2 . This has been explained on the consideration of electron-hole migration across the film as the rate-limiting step. The activation energy for iodination of Sb-doped Pb under normal condition is estimated to be 64 kJ · mol^–1 in an iodine pressure of 0.615 kPa. The rate of iodide-film growth has been found to increase considerably under a short-circuit mode of experiments. Such observations have been explained with the concept of ion migration as the rate-limiting step for the film-growth process. The iodine pressure dependence of rate constants under short-circuit conditions is observed to be k_pI ₂ ^1/3 , associated with an activation energy value of 51 kJ mol^–1. The effect of putting additional resistances in series to the short-circuit Pt path during iodination of Sb-doped Pb is found to be similar to that observed for pure Pb. Results of the present study have been explained considering the prevalence of Schottky-Wagner type of point defects in the lead-iodide film. Wagner's electrochemical potential gradient has been confirmed to be the main driving force for the film-growth process. Iodide films have been characterized by SEM, EDS, EPMA, XRD, and AES analyses to substantiate the kinetics results.     

基于机器视觉的钢拱架定位检测方法北大核心

针对岩石隧道掘进机(TBM)钢拱架拼接施工过程中的定位问题,提出一种基于机器视觉的钢拱架铰接孔定位检测方法。根据钢拱架拼接的现场环境,设计图像采集系统;使用具有旋转不变性的归一化的互相关值(NCC)模板匹配算法,可快速匹配钢拱架铰接孔所在的感兴趣区域;基于一维像素序列上的灰度梯度确定铰接孔外轮廓边缘点,并使用基于随机抽样一致性(RANSAC)算法的椭圆拟合方法确定钢拱架铰接孔圆心,实现钢拱架定位,为钢拱架拼接提供位姿信息。结果表明:该方法可实现钢拱架铰接孔的高效率、高精度定位检测。     

紫下大桥的防腐蚀检测与评价

钢桥由于长期的暴露于腐蚀环境下,产生腐蚀和老化,影响大桥的美观,严重时影响大桥的正常运营和使用,甚至造成事故。紫下大桥运营四年来,产生一定程度的腐蚀,进行防腐蚀检测对合理的评价大桥的寿命年限,保证大桥的安全运营和道路的畅通是十分必要的。本文讨论了钢拱桥的防腐蚀涂层检测方法,并给出了检测实例,为既有钢拱桥的防腐蚀检测和评价积累了有益的资料。     

某混凝土双曲拱坝建基面选择研究

拱坝建基面选择主要决定于坝基岩体的承载力和滑动稳定性。本工程基岩裸露,岩体呈整体块状结构,强度高,但坝基范围内岩体岩性不一致,导致基岩强度不同。根据地形地质条件,对拱坝建基面的可利用岩体进行多方案论证研究,同时对坝体应力、坝肩稳定、整体稳定等进行大量分析及模型试验,最终确定合理经济的坝体建基面。