3DBER-S-Fe深度脱氮除磷效果

为强化三维电极生物膜(3DBER)工艺深度脱氮除磷性能,提高污水厂尾水质量,将硫磺和海绵铁作为混合填料,构建硫铁复合填料三维电极生物膜(3DBER-S-Fe)脱氮除磷工艺;在不同ρ( C)/ρ( N)、I和水力停留时间( HRT)运行条件下,探究工艺深度脱氮除磷效果.分别从反应器填料和阴极上取生物膜,通过Miseq高通量测序,构建细菌16S rRNA基因克隆文库.结果表明：在运行条件为ρ(C)/ρ(N)=2、I=150 mA和HRT=4 h时,3DBER-S-Fe对总氮和总磷的去除率分别可达85.59%和97.43%;适当增加ρ( C)/ρ( N)、I和HRT均能不同程度提高系统脱氮除磷效率.在填料和阴极上丰度最大的均为具有硫自养反硝化功能的Thiobacillus,分别占40.62%和44.75%;具有氢自养反硝化功能的Rhodocyclaceae在阴极的分布明显多于填料.因此,3DBER-S-Fe具有较高的脱氮性能主要是硫自养反硝化和氢自养反硝化共同作用的结果,且氢自养反硝化过程主要发生在阴极.     

采用自适应字典学习的InSAR降噪方法

We consider the phase noise filtering problem for interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) based on the dictionary learning technique. Due to the non-convexity of the optimization problem is difficult to solve. By using the splitting technique and employing the augmented Lagrangian framework, we obtain a relaxed nonlinear constraint optimization problem with l₁-norm regularization which can be solved efficiently by the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). Specifically, we firstly train dictionaries from the InSAR complex phase data, and then reconstruct the desired complex phase image from the sparse representation. Simulation results based on simulated and measured data show that this new InSAR phase noise reduction method has a much better performance than several classical phase filtering methods in terms of residual count, mean square error (MSE) and preservation of the fringe completeness.     

群策式智能多联机末端在大学教学楼的设计应用与分析

建筑能耗占全国能耗比重较大,中央空调在公共建筑中使用广泛,滥用无管理使得公共建筑夏季空调能耗很高。本文针对大学中多联机中央空调系统以末端智能调控系统控制策略方向为目的进行基于群策控制智能末端控制改造,达到节能的目的。通过单片机对空调控制面板进行电信号控制,数据判断及传输通过总服务器进行计算。控制方式采用自动控制与群策相结合,由微信公众号进行查询及发送命令,通过网络传输和数据库相连。数据库录入空调系统使用教室信息、工作及学习时段表等相关数据。从调研、设计、模拟来看,节能效果显著,最理想节能量可达84%,在调研过程中大部分学生对此可接受。     

A customised approach to determining the geomorphic effectiveness of small flood events in a regulated river

The construction of dams significantly alters flow and sediment regimes with subsequent deleterious effects on the morphological and ecological character of rivers. Effective experimental floods can ameliorate the downstream geomorphic impacts of dams. The traditional view is that large floods are required to perform effective geomorphic work, and the geomorphic outcomes of small floods are often overlooked. Many river restoration frameworks do not consider small floods. Yet, there is evidence that the hydrological characteristics that ameliorate specific geomorphic impacts in a river are unique to each river, and a customised approach to setting the right mix of floods (including small experimental floods) is needed. In this study, we modify an existing flood effectiveness model developed for large floods, for determining the geomorphic effectiveness of small floods in a highly regulated Australian river. Two flood classes were added to the model (medium peak stream power and moderate total energy expenditure), and the flood power characteristics were rescaled to reflect the relative difference in the magnitude of the small floods and the magnitude of the geomorphic work performed. Using a step‐wise approach, this customised model determined the geomorphic effectiveness of small floods. The best flood for ameliorating the geomorphic impacts of flow regulation had medium to long duration (10 to 51 days), high peak unit stream power (77 to 123 Wm^?2) and moderate to large total energy expenditure (78,600 to 342,320 × 10³ J). This approach to determining flood effectiveness for small floods is applicable to other geomorphically impacted river channels downstream of dams and can be used to inform experimental flood releases for geomorphic outcomes.     

Removal of hexavalent chromium in aquatic solutions by pomelo peel

This study investigated the removal of hexavalent chromium(Cr(VI)) in aqueous solutions using pomelo peel(PP) and FeCl_3-modified pomelo peel(FPP) as novel biomass adsorbents.Batch adsorption experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of pH,time,temperature,initial concentration,and adsorbent dose on Cr(VI) removal by PP and FPP.The results show that the maximum adsorption capacity of Cr(VI)was 21.55 mg/g for FPP and 0.57 mg/g for PP at a pH of 2.0 and a temperature of 40℃.The surface shape,microstructure,and chemical composition of FPP were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),and compared with those of PP.The results show that the adsorption performance of FPP was much better than that of PP,indicating that FPP can be an alternative high-efficiency adsorbent for Cr(VI) removal.     

高校校园绿地对降水径流污染削减研究

以安徽建筑大学南校区为例,研究合肥市校园绿地对自然降水水质净化以及自然降水对校内人工湖水质的影响。SS、COD、TN、TP等污染物指标数据显示:校园绿地对于污染物指标去除率分别为:47%、50%、16%、51%;其中在降水径流产生20min内去除效率最高,在120min后污染物指标含量变化趋于稳定。降雨前后校园人工湖的水质数据结果显示:降水后湖中SS、COD、TP浓度变大,TN浓度变化不大,由此可知,初期降水的污染物是造成水体非点源污染重要因素。     

基于函数的Excel软件的应用技巧研究

通过实例介绍了如何利用Excel函数功能解决工程项目进展、行政助理统计、经费开支对账的几点技巧。文中首先明确了Microsoft Office Excel 2003在数据统计方面的几点限制,进而介绍了对项目进度数据的信息汇总、处理、统计和分析技巧;在行政管理工作中,利用VLOOKUP函数设定参数用以解决数据筛选、排序问题,对统计报表进行数据透视表的操作,实现行与列的换位统计汇总,从而构建不同统计意义的报表;在电算化会计业务中,使用“查找引用(VLOOKUP)”函数功能,将财务记账数据转化为Excel表格数据,形成易看易懂的“交互式统计报表”,方便各位职工和下属单独自行核对,轻松、快速地完成对账结算。     

基于应用型人才培养的高职院校校企合作问题研究

经过近十年的发展,随着人才培养目标向市场倾斜,高职教育越发重视校企合作,努力实现产学研结合。但现阶段,高职教育校企合作依然存在着不可忽视的问题,如企业积极性不高、学校对企业服务能力有限、政策支持力度不够等。需要积极探索研究,创新合作思路,校企合作过程中真正实现双方共赢。     

改性细菌纤维素硫酸酯对Pb(Ⅱ)吸附性能的影响

以廉价且资源丰富的细菌纤维素为原料,研究制备了改性细菌纤维素硫酸酯吸附材料,并对其进行表征分析。以典型重金属污染物Pb(Ⅱ)为去除目标,考察了不同反应时间、溶液p H和反应温度等对改性细菌纤维素吸附Pb(Ⅱ)的影响。结果表明:经改性后细菌纤维素的吸附性能有所增加;其对Pb(Ⅱ)的平衡吸附量随p H的增大而增加,随温度的增加而减小;吸附过程符合拟二级反应方程和Langmuir吸附等温方程。     

MBR-SNAD工艺处理生活污水效能及微生物特征

为考察基于膜生物反应器(MBR)的同步亚硝化厌氧氨氧化反硝化(SNAD)工艺处理生活污水的可行性,在SNAD工艺稳定运行的MBR中逐步加入生活污水,同时微调曝气量及HRT等参数,考察生活污水中污染物的去除效果,通过物料衡算计算不同阶段反应器内的脱氮路径,同时通过克隆-测序技术分析了微生物种群特征.结果表明,MBR-SNAD工艺可以实现生活污水中C、N及SS的同时高效去除,总氮去除负荷达0.65 kg/(m3·d),出水氨氮小于5 mg/L;COD去除率达87%,出水COD小于50 mg/L;浊度去除率达99%,出水浊度在1 NTU以下,SS在10 mg/L以下,达到城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准(GB18918—2002)的一级A排放标准.反应器中存在约12%的反硝化脱氮和88%的全程自养脱氮(CANON),实现了异养脱氮和自养脱氮的协同合作.好氧氨氧化菌、厌氧氨氧化菌和反硝化菌共存于系统内.MBR-SNAD是处理生活污水的适宜工艺.