渗透汽化汽油脱硫技术研究进展

随着环保法规的日益严格,世界各国对清洁汽油中硫含量做出了严格的规定,汽油的低硫化甚至无硫化已成为一种必然趋势,汽油的深度脱硫技术已成为各石油公司和相关研究者的研究热点。渗透汽化是一种新型高效的膜分离技术,其在汽油深度脱硫技术方面具有独特优势。介绍了渗透汽化汽油脱硫技术的基本原理、工艺特点及国内外有关研究进展情况。     

单级膜生物反应器处理生活污水的研究

对单级膜生物反应器（MBR）处理生活污水进行了研究，考察了在四种工况下反应器对COD和氮的去除效果及其影响因素。试验结果表明：反应器对COD具有很好的去除效果，去除率在93％以上；对于氮的去除，反硝化是该工艺的关键控制步骤，通过改变运行工况和增加污泥浓度，使NH^＋4-N的去除率达90％以上，TN的去除率达83％以上。     

二氧化氯预氧化除铁过程中亚氯酸根作用的实验研究

将ClO_2-ClO_2~-作为整个控制体系,通过模拟试验,研究二氧化氯预氧化除铁过程中亚氯酸根浓度变化及其发挥氧化性能除铁的影响因素。结果表明:pH值是二氧化氯投加量和亚氯酸根发挥氧化效能的重要影响因素,pH值越低亚氯酸根的氧化效能越低,生成亚氯酸根越多。当pH值较高时,二氧化氯只需按照理论投加量(即[ClO_2]/[Fe~(2 )]= 0.242),亚氯酸根便能充分发挥其氧化效能,亚氯酸根不会形成累积。实验表明:铁的初始浓度为2～9mg/L,5.8≤pH≤6.6时,0.242≤[ClO_2]/[Fe~(2 )]≤0.387时,能有效地将水中的铁离子降到0.3mg/L以下。     

亚硝酸型反硝化生物脱氮的节能机理及优化方案

须焦化污水处理工艺中，通过对亚硝酸型反硝化生物脱氮与硝酸型反硝化生物脱氮工艺的比较，探讨了需氧量、耗碱量及投资降低的机理。试验得出的优化方案是以NaOH为碱源的亚硝酸型反硝化生物脱氮工艺。     

基于自适应分块的动态场景HDR图像合成算法

通过提出基于梯度上升优化处理的自适应分块算法与基于图像序列梯度域运动检测与去除相结合的方法,自适应调整分块大小及动态区域块的融合权值,最终达到混淆去除的目的.同时,利用Gaussian中心函数窗口滤波,去除在分块融合过程中引入的块边缘不连续性痕迹.实验结果表明,该方法能快速有效地增强多曝光图像融合生成HDRI并去除混淆问题.     

Bumpy Particle Adhesion and Removal in Turbulent Flows Including Electrostatic and Capillary Forces

The effect of electrostatic and capillary forces on bumpy particle adhesion and removal in turbulent flows is studied. We use the JKR theory and account for the increase of adhesion by capillary force. The effects of electrostatic forces and nonlinear hydrodynamic drag are included in the analyses. The criteria for incipient rolling and sliding detachments and electrostatic lifting removal are evaluated. A turbulence burst model is used for evaluating the peak air velocity near the substrate. The critical shear velocities for detaching particles of different sizes under different conditions are evaluated. The electric field strength needed for electrostatic removal of particles with different charges is also estimated. The results are compared with those obtained in the absence of the capillary force. Comparisons of the model predictions with the available experimental data are also presented.     

高锰酸钾复合药剂对水中邻氯酚去除效能的研究

本文以水中的邻氯苯酚为研究对象,在实验基础上,考察了高锰酸钾及高锰酸钾复合药剂对纯水中微量邻氯酚的去除效果,用可见分光光度计分析,对二者的除酚效果进行了对比。结果表明:高锰酸钾复合药剂对水中微量邻氯酚具有较好的去除能力。同时还考察了水样pH值,高锰酸钾及其复合药剂投加量,反应水温,反应时间等因素对邻氯酚去除效果的影响。     

MDEA法脱碳塔的扩产改造

通过对现有脱碳装置和运行条件的分析核算，提出了改造方案和实施措施，对改造前后参数和生产数据进行了对比和总结。     

Removal of chromium (VI) from dilute aqueous solutions by activated carbon developed from Terminalia arjuna nuts activated with zinc chloride

Different structured activated carbons were prepared from Terminalia arjuna nuts, an agricultural waste, by chemical activation with zinc chloride for the adsorption of Cr(VI) from dilute aqueous solutions. The most important parameter in chemical activation was found to be the chemical ratio (activating agent/precursor, g/g). Carbonization temperature and time are the other two important variables, which had significant effect on the pore structure of carbon. A high surface area of was obtained at a chemical ratio of 300%, carbonization time and temperature of 1 h and 500 °C, respectively. The activated carbon developed shows substantial capability to adsorb Cr(VI) from dilute aqueous solutions. The parameters studied include pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, and initial concentrations. The kinetic data were best fitted to the Lagergren pseudo-first-order model. The isotherm equilibrium data were well fitted by the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The maximum removal of chromium was obtained at pH 1.0 (about 99% for adsorbent dose of 2 g/l and 10 mg/l initial concentration).     

改进的多投影仪显示墙几何校正技术

针对传统几何校正的不足,提出一种改进的几何校正的方法,只需少许人工干预就能很高精度的完成几何校正.介绍一种相机自动定位和拍照的方法,避免人工调整相机位置的繁琐工作,实现相机控制的自动化;提出一种基于递归的去除图片公共噪声区域算法,更精确地识别出特征点;通过临近的特征点,使用平行四边形插值算法与最小二乘法曲线拟合算法对被遮挡住的特征点坐标进行估计.实验结果表明,相机控制方法提高了几何校正的自动化程度,去噪算法提高了识别特征点的精度,平行四边形插值算法可以很好地对被遮挡的特征点坐标进行估计.