自动排气阀在污水箱涵管道上的应用

自动排气阀应用于大型污水压力输送管系，在国内尚属首例，该文证明自动排气阀的应用对长距离污水输送管道的正常运行、安全运行具有重要意义。并阐明了自动排气阀的工作原理、排气性能的理论分析和实际运行情况，克服了排气井给景观地区的周围环境带来的种种弊端，提高了该地区的环境质量。     

Occurrence patterns of alien freshwater turtles in a large urban pond ‘Archipelago’ (Rome,Italy): Suggesting hypotheses on root causes

The patterns of the occurrence and distribution of alien freshwater turtle species in an urban pond archipelago (Rome, Italy) were analysed, with the aim of exploring the role of a set of factors (type of ponds, landscape context, size area, distance from the nearest road) with a generalized linear model approach. A total of 311 ponds subdivided in three types (fountains, small basins, lakes) embedded in different landscape contexts (public parks, private parks, urban areas) at differing distances from the nearest road were sampled. Six non‐native freshwater turtle species in 31 sites were recorded (9.97%). Lakes exhibited the highest occurrence rates of alien freshwater turtles, compared to small basins and fountains. Freshwater turtle species in urbanized areas were only observed in parks (both public and private). In both the public and private parks, the lakes exhibited the highest percentage of occupied sites, with fountains being the lowest. A direct and significant relationship was observed between pond size and species richness. The distance from the nearest road did not appear to affect species richness. A first interpretation of the data from this study facilitated the postulation of two a posteriori hypotheses that should be tested, as follows: (i) the causal process of turtle release is random, and the rate of extinction (and recapture) is higher in smaller ponds, thus producing the observed pattern; and (ii) the turtle release is not random, and people actively select the ponds they consider more suitable for their pet animals. In this study, it appears the lakes were perceived by those who abandon their pets as the most ecologically suitable habitats among other pond types to accommodate the different species of turtles. Knowledge of people's attitudes in regard to releasing pet animals also might assist managers of public green spaces to develop strategies aimed to preserve local biodiversity, and to educate the public about the conservation issue represented by the alien species.     

榫边扣合管状密闭输送带的制作及其质量优化

对用于制药、精细化工、建材业等输送松散及粉、粒物料不污染环境的榫边扣合管状密闭输送带的结构特点、技术要求、制造工艺和优化制品质量的技术措施及效果进行了实验探讨。     

带阻尼内构件鼓泡塔的研究(Ⅱ)——内构件对气液传质速率的影响

采用化学吸收法实验考察了鼓泡塔内部的阻尼内构件对气液传质速率的影响.结果表明.在流速最高的塔中心区域设置阻尼内构件不但可以改善流速分布.而且还能显著地促进气液传质.在合适的阻尼面积密度范围内,安装内构件后气液传质速率可提高10%～30%,其机理是内构件的存在强化了流体的局部湍动.将鼓泡塔内大尺度的平均流动动能转化为小尺度的局部湍动动能.     

Optimisation of partner selection and collaborative transportation scheduling in Virtual Enterprises using GA

Partner selection and transportation scheduling are critical to the success of a Virtual Enterprise. Collaborative transportation is a promising strategy that can help many enterprises survive and thrive in today’s highly competitive market. To help decision makers establish and operate Virtual Enterprises more effectively, an innovative decision support system is proposed in this paper. First, new model for integration of partner selection and collaborative transportation scheduling in Virtual Enterprises is developed. This integrated optimisation problem is very dynamic in nature and it is required to optimise a number of interlinked sub-problems at the same time. Then, a novel Genetic Algorithm with a unique dynamic chromosome representation and genetic operations is developed to find an optimal solution to the integrated problem. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated in a representative case study.     

基于Monte Carlo随机模拟的综合交通网络布局评价与决策方法

针对综合交通网络评价指标权重及属性值具有主观性和随机性的特点,提出了基于模拟运算的布局规划方案排序选优的群体随机决策方法.仿真生成满足集结的多个专家对指标重要性偏好排序统计分布的权重,同时考虑交通需求的不确定性对指标值的影响,结合客观熵权计算方案的综合评价值,由多次模拟得到的排序优势度确定方案的优劣差异.根据设计的仿真流程通过算例说明了方法应用的有效性,评价中考虑了主客观因素及随机性特征,可以为网络布局提供科学决策依据.     

硫铁矿制酸沸腾炉排渣系统改造

针对湖南省永和磷肥厂硫铁矿沸腾焙烧炉排渣系统存在的问题进行相应的改造.重新设计一套渣车自动控制系统,将运行电动机由交流接触器控制改为交流变频调速器控制,通过调整启动加速时间,可使渣车平稳缓慢地启动,调整停机减速时间,可使渣车平稳准确地停在接渣和倒渣的位置,解决了碰撞问题;将机械式行程开关改为电子式接近开关,并对接近开关的安装进行改进,解决了限位开关的损坏问题.通过改造和调试后,渣车运行正常,故障率大大减少,改造相当成功.     

城市慢行交通网络数据建模研究

城市慢行交通系统是现代城市交通系统的重要组成部分,随着多模式城市交通发展,建立便捷和高效的城市慢行交通网络系统成为现代城市解决交通问题和提升交通运行效率的关键措施。基于此,文中应用统一建模语言（UML）和地理标识语言（GML）建立城市慢行交通网络数据模型,提出一种统一的和一致性的交通地理要素定义和性质描述方法,并阐述基于GML的城市慢行交通网络的地理要素和关系表达。研究成果促进了城市交通地理数据的组织、表达、集成、共享和操作,对建立高效的城市慢行交通网络系统具有重要的理论价值。     

液氯储运事故分析及安全设计

介绍液氯储运及事故处理工艺过程。根据液氯的特殊性,较详细地提出在液氯储运过程中应该注意的安全要求及应采取的措施。     

设计降雨特征对城市内涝模拟结果的影响分析

降雨是城市内涝的主要诱因之一,不同降雨特征对于城市内涝风险的影响也有所区别。为了进一步挖掘降雨特征对城市内涝风险的影响,采用综合流域排水模型（InfoWorks ICM）构建了我国南方某城市的内涝模型,系统分析了设计降雨的雨型和历时特征对城市内涝模拟结果的影响。在4个重现期的3种降雨雨型和3个降雨历时条件下,共计36个不同降雨情景对研究区的内涝情况进行模拟。通过对比不同模拟情景下的积水深度、积水面积以及积水量等结果发现：在相同降雨雨型和重现期条件下,降雨历时对积水深度的影响有一定的差别;在不同降雨雨型和降雨历时模拟情景中,积水点的位置基本保持一致,而积水面积受降雨雨型和降雨历时的双重影响;峰值积水量受降雨雨型影响较大,受降雨历时影响较小,而积水总量受降雨历时影响较大,受降雨雨型影响较小。研究中量化分析了不同设计降雨特征对城市内涝模拟结果的影响,旨在为合理地开展城市内涝预警以及应急管理等工作提供依据。