人体步行规律与仿人机器人步态规划

从仿生学角度分析了人体的步行运动规律,提出了一种基于人体运动规律的仿人机器人步态参数设定方法.首先对人体步行运动数据进行捕捉并分析,得出人体各步态参数间的函数关系,以人体步行相似性作为评价指标,提出仿人机器人步态参数的设定方法.其次,通过分析人体在步行过程中的补偿支撑脚偏航力矩的基本原理,提出了基于双臂及腰关节协调运动的仿人机器人偏航力矩补偿算法,以提高仿人机器人行走的稳定性.最后通过仿真及实验验证了所提出的步态规划方法的正确性及有效性.     

一种基于光照变化补偿的颜色识别方法

针对RoboCup中型组足球机器人比赛中光照变化会使颜色发生色彩漂移,影响颜色识别的准确性问题,提出一种基于光照变化补偿的颜色识别方法。该方法首先利用球的历史信息预测球的位置,然后在较小的区域内用基于色调直方图反向投影的方法找到球后,通过球的亮度直方图的变化计算出光照变化率,用于动态补偿颜色查找表。实验表明该方法能提高颜色识别的光照自适应性。     

Robust pole assignment for incomplete nonlinear decoupling applied to robots

A robustness analysis and synthesis for incomplete nonlinear decoupling for a class of nonlinear systems is discussed. Rigid and elastic-joint robot models belong to this class. For the elastic case, a transformation facilitates the robustness analysis under a weak assumption. Charts with H ₁- and H - norms of closed-loop disturbance transfer functions of the nonlinear-decoupled system are presented for a robust pole assignment.     

An Intelligent Robust Tracking Control for a Class of Electrically Driven Mobile Robots

This paper addresses the problem of designing robust tracking control for a class of uncertain wheeled mobile robots actuated by brushed direct current motors. This class of electrically‐driven mechanical systems consists of the robot kinematics, the robot dynamics, and the wheel actuator dynamics. Via the backstepping technique, an intelligent robust tracking control scheme that integrates a kinematic controller and an adaptive neural network‐based (or fuzzy‐based) controller is developed such that all of the states and signals of the closed‐loop system are bounded and the tracking error can be made as small as possible. Two adaptive approximation systems are constructed to learn the behaviors of unknown mechanical and electrical dynamics. The effects of both the approximation errors and the unmodeled time‐varying perturbations in the input and virtual‐input weighting matrices are counteracted by suitably tuning the control gains. Consequently, the robust control scheme developed here can be employed to handle a broader class of electrically‐driven wheeled mobile robots in the presence of high‐degree time‐varying uncertainties. Finally, a simulation example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed control scheme.     

一种基于VINS/FINS组合导航方法

针对视觉惯性组合导航系统中微惯性器件精度偏低,以及足部惯性导航系统航向角误差可观测性差的问题,研究了一种基于上述两种系统的信息双向融合的导航定位方案. 该方法的系统结构由安装于双足步行机器人躯干部分的惯性导航系统和安装于其足部惯性导航系统两部分组成. 惯性导航系统通过视觉同时定位与地图构建数据融合方法可以获得相对准确的航向角,足部惯性导航系统利用零速修正后的位置信息实时修正惯性导航系统中的低精度惯性器件误差,从而构建视觉与惯性信息双向融合的组合导航系统结构. 实验结果表明,该组合导航方案可以有效提高双足步行机器人的航向精度和定位精度.     

六足步行机器人的设计研究

迈步行走方式是一种具有广泛应用前景的地面推进方式。本文提出了一种采用液压驱动的缩放式腿机构的结构设计，并针对六足行走方式，完成了液压驱动原理设计及PLC控制设计。     

一种引入通信的多移动机器人编队方法*

提出以视觉跟踪为基础并引入通信进行多机器人的编队控制方法,根据需要编写了一种新的通信协议,采用闭环l-Φ实现编队算法.这种多机器人编队控制避免了视觉系统的局限,能够更好地在复杂未知环境中协作完成任务,解决了编队控制的无反馈和实时性不高的问题,使得机器人能够准确迅速地进行跟踪和通信编队,一起顺利达到目标点.试验结果证明了该方法的有效性.     

Cable-direct-driven-robot (CDDR) with a 3-link passive serial support

Cable-direct-driven-robots (CDDRs) provided with a passive serial support represent an interesting and rising evolution of planar cable robots. The paper is devoted to present and analyze a novel CDDR robot. The robot consists in a fully actuated CDDR supported against loading normal to the motion plane with a 3-link passive planar serial manipulator. This hybrid structure combines positive features of both parallel and serial architectures, and prevents out-of-plane movements without the necessity for the robot to be supported on the motion plane. The adoption of a 3-link serial manipulator ensures a greater workspace area compared with similar structures that adopt a smaller number of links, and improves specific characteristics of their dynamics. Nevertheless undesired oscillations may occur since the serial manipulator is underconstrained. For this reason damping elements are inserted in the structure. Simulation examples are presented to demonstrate the novel CDDR concept and its dynamics. In addition, a strategy to select proper values of damping coefficients is presented.     

An open-source multi-DOF articulated robotic educational platform for autonomous object manipulation

This research presents an autonomous robotic framework for academic, vocational and training purpose. The platform is centred on a 6 Degree Of Freedom (DOF) serial robotic arm. The kinematic and dynamic models of the robot have been derived to facilitate controller design. An on-board camera to scan the arm workspace permits autonomous applications development. The sensory system consists of position feedback from each joint of the robot and a force sensor mounted at the arm gripper. External devices can be interfaced with the platform through digital and analog I/O ports of the robot controller. To enhance the learning outcome for beginners, higher level commands have been provided. Advanced users can tailor the platform by exploiting the open-source custom-developed hardware and software architectures. The efficacy of the proposed platform has been demonstrated by implementing two experiments; autonomous sorting of objects and controller design. The proposed platform finds its potential to teach technical courses (like Robotics, Control, Electronics, Image-processing and Computer vision) and to implement and validate advanced algorithms for object manipulation and grasping, trajectory generation, path planning, etc. It can also be employed in an industrial environment to test various strategies prior to their execution on actual manipulators.     

Manipulability of leader–follower networks with the rigid-link approximation

This paper introduces the notion of manipulability to mobile, multi-agent networks as a tool to analyze the instantaneous effectiveness of injecting control inputs at certain, so-called leader nodes in the network. Effectiveness is interpreted to characterize how the movements of the leader nodes translate into responses among the remaining follower nodes. This notion of effectiveness is a function of the interaction topologies, the agent configurations, and the particular choice of inputs used to influence the network. In fact, classic manipulability is an index used in robotics to analyze the singularity and efficiency of configurations of robot-arm manipulators. To define similar notions for leader–follower networks, we use a rigid-link approximation of the follower dynamics and, under this assumption, we prove that the instantaneous follower velocities can be uniquely determined from that of the leaders’, which allows us to define a meaningful and computable manipulability index for the leader–follower networks. This paper examines the property of the proposed index in simulation and with real mobile robots, and demonstrates how the index can be used to find effective interaction topologies.