Quantifying the limits of CAR T-cell delivery in mice and men

CAR (Chimeric Antigen Receptor) T cells have demonstrated clinical success for the treatment of multiple lymphomas and leukaemias, but not for various solid tumours, despite promising data from murine models. Lower effective CAR T-cell delivery rates to human solid tumours compared to haematological malignancies in humans and solid tumours in mice might partially explain these divergent outcomes. We used anatomical and physiological data for human and rodent circulatory systems to calculate the typical perfusion of healthy and tumour tissues, and estimated the upper limits of immune cell delivery rates across different organs, tumour types and species. Estimated maximum delivery rates were up to 10 000-fold greater in mice than humans yet reported CAR T-cell doses are typically only 10–100-fold lower in mice, suggesting that the effective delivery rates of CAR T cells into tumours in clinical trials are far lower than in corresponding mouse models. Estimated delivery rates were found to be consistent with published positron emission tomography data. Results suggest that higher effective human doses may be needed to drive efficacy comparable to mouse solid tumour models, and that lower doses should be tested in mice. We posit that quantitation of species and organ-specific delivery and homing of engineered T cells will be key to unlocking their potential for solid tumours.     

超深溜井爆破一次成井技术实践

为解决溜井掘进效率低、安全性差等问题，以柿竹园多金属矿掘进出矿溜井为例，提出了爆破一次成井技术，根据矿山具体爆破条件，设计了布孔参数、装药结构和起爆顺序等。实践表明，爆破一次成井技术施工天井效果良好，溜井贯穿上下2个分段，与设计相符，相较于普通法施工天井，节约成本30.7%，节约时间58.3%，经济效益显著，施工周期短，且安全性好，值得在其他类似矿山推广应用。     

防振条约束失效对蒸汽发生器传热管面内流弹失稳的影响研究

根据防振条布置以及面内支承连续失效个数，将防振条面内约束失效分析划分为多种工况，分析了不同工况下面内约束失效对传热管面内模态的影响，采用各位置阻尼在振型函数上进行加权平均的方法计算了各阶模态的阻尼比，进而研究了防振条面内不同约束对传热管面内流弹失稳的影响。分析结果表明，随着面内支承连续失效位置的增多，弯管段面内首阶模态频率不断降低，出现在弯管段的振型越加明显；弯管段面内首阶模态不一定是最大流弹失稳比值出现的模态，最大流弹失稳比值出现模态的振型几乎都出现在弯管段；随着面内支承连续失效位置的增多，面内流弹失稳比值不断增大，当连续3个及以上防振条面内约束失效时，将出现流弹失稳现象。     

A Distribution‐freeCUSUMChart for Monitoring Variability of AutocorrelatedProcesses

We present a distribution‐free tabular cumulative sum chart for monitoring the variability of an autocorrelated process. A quantity known as the asymptotic variance parameter is employed as a measure of the variability, and a distribution‐free tabular cumulative sum chart is applied to variance estimates calculated from batches of nonoverlapping samples. The proposed chart is applicable to a stationary process with a general marginal distribution and a general autocorrelation structure. It also determines control limits analytically without trial‐and‐error simulations. The performance of the proposed chart is tested on stationary processes with both normal and nonnormal marginals with various autocorrelation structures. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

因素空间理论下基点分类算法研究

目前，基于因素空间理论的背景基提取算法计算过程复杂，初始化必须依赖各因素极值，基点数量提取冗余等原因，未能在应用中取得很好效果。为此，结合内点判别法和知识可继承、可扩展的思想，提出一种计算简单、初始化独立、基点数量小的改进的背景基提取算法。然后，利用改进的背景基提取算法构造出一种全新的数据分类算法-基点分类算法，基点分类算法以提取每一类样本的背景基为预测模型，再通过新定义的λ-背景基，优化预测模型。数值实验表明:基点分类算法原理简单、构造难度小、分类模型泛化能力强，预测能力准确率高，同时严格的模型限定区域又能为识别新类别提供新方法。     

攀西钒钛磁铁矿尾矿制备储水泡沫陶瓷的研究

以攀西钒钛磁铁尾矿和废玻璃为主要原料通过高温烧结法制备储水泡沫陶瓷，研究原料配比和发泡剂（SiC）添加量对材料性能的影响。结果表明:随着钒钛磁铁矿尾矿含量的增加，材料的体积密度及抗压强度逐渐增大，平均气孔孔径逐渐减小；当尾矿添加量为50 wt%，材料的体积吸水率出现极值。当SiC添加量为0.3 wt%，材料内部气孔分布均匀，平均孔径约为2.93 mm。最终以50.0 wt%的钒钛磁铁矿尾矿和50.0 wt%的废玻璃为原料，外加3.0 wt%的石英，0.3 wt%的SiC，3.0 wt%的Na3PO4，在1040℃下制得性能最优的储水泡沫陶瓷，材料的体积密度为0.26 g/cm-3、体积吸水率为56.5%和抗压强度为0.68 MPa。采用SEM、XRD等检测手段研究材料的微观形貌及物相组成，结果表明储水泡沫陶瓷内部由三维立体结构组成，有利于储存水分；材料主要物相包括硅灰石、长石、透辉石和钛铁矿。      

对荷载规范中旋转壳顶的风载体型系数的研究

采用CFD数值模拟方法,研究了旋转壳顶在不同矢跨比、长宽比等参数影响下的风压分布特性,并得到风载体型系数,对现行风荷载规范作了一定的补充。     

1,5-己二烯交联烯烃聚合物的合成及其抗剪切稳定性

以金属配合物为催化剂、1,5-己二烯为交联剂,采用本体聚合法合成了交联超高相对分子质量烯烃类聚合物(简称交联聚合物)。用傅里叶变换红外光谱、核磁共振、凝胶渗透色潜表征交联聚合物的结构和相对分子质量。用旋转黏度计和超声波仪研究了1,5-己二烯用量对交联聚合物溶液表观黏度的影响及交联聚合物的相对分子质量对交联聚合物溶液抗剪切稳定性的影响。实验结果表明,在最佳聚合条件(单体80mL、助催化剂0．4mL、CS-1催化剂0．090g、1,5-己二烯0．40mL、0℃、24 b)下所合成的交联聚合物的重均相对分子质量为7．7×106,数均相对分子质量3．6×106。加入少量1,5-己二烯能提高交联聚合物的抗剪切能力,同时也能提高交联聚合物的相对分子质量。交联聚合物的相对分子质量越大,抗剪切稳定性越好。1,5-己二烯用量约为0．1 mL时(单体40 mL),交联聚合物溶液的表观黏度达到最大值(16．8 mPa·s)。     

首钢1号高炉增产节焦生产实践

对首钢1号高炉焦炭质量恶化后增产节焦的生产经验进行了总结分析。认为提高入炉原燃料质量，综合优化高炉基本制度，合理控制稳定的操作炉型是保证炉况长期顺稳、实现效益最大化的有效手段。