Does decision quality (always) increase with the size of information samples? Some vicissitudes in applying the law of large numbers.

Adaptive decision making requires that contingencies between decision options and their relative assets be assessed accurately and quickly. The present research addresses the challenging notion that contingencies may be more visible from small than from large samples of observations. An algorithmic account for such a seemingly paradoxical effect is offered within a satisficing-choice framework. Accordingly, a choice is only made when the sample contingency describing the relative evaluation of the 2 options exceeds a critical threshold. Small samples, because of the high dispersion of their sampling distribution, facilitate above-threshold contingencies. Across a broad range of parameters, the resulting small-sample advantage in terms of hits is stronger than their disadvantage in false alarms. Computer simulations and experiments support the model predictions. The relative advantage of small samples is most apparent when information loss is low, when the threshold is high relative to the ecological contingency, and when the sampling process is self-truncated. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

利用高频结构仿真器分析波导魔T

高频结构仿真器（HFSS）是一种微波器件设计软件，该软件界面友好，通过仿真计算减小了调试工作量，使得微波器件的设计变得简单易行。本文利用HFSS对波导魔T进行了仿真分析，得到了该器件的S参数和动、静态场的分布情况，并对该器件进行了优化设计。     

一种改进的新三步搜索算法

在对三步法工作原理进行研究的基础上提出了新三步搜索算法（NITSS）。该方法充分利用视频序列运动矢量概率分布上的中心偏置特性．在三步搜索算法的基础上引入了十字型分布的4个点构成搜索点群。实验结果表明。新三步搜索算法解决了三步法的小运动估计效果较差问题．提高了搜索精度，保持了三步法的高效率。     

腐蚀磨损过程中材料的环境脆性

从腐蚀磨损的交互作用、腐蚀磨损与应力腐蚀及氢脆的异同出发，论述了磨损加速腐蚀及腐蚀加速磨损的微观机制，指出材料的环境脆性与腐蚀对磨损的加速作用程度有关．从腐蚀对磨损的加速作用、比能耗、磨痕硬度等方面分析了不锈钢 Cl^-体系、Ni-P镀层 NaOH溶液、H4340钢与Ti6A14V合金 稀硫酸溶液体系、铜合金 NH4^ (NH3)或S^2-溶液中的环境脆化行为和规律，总结出材料环境脆性的力学判据，展望了今后腐蚀磨损的研究方向．     

Flow Reaction Forces upon Blowdown of Safety Valves

The activation of safety valves causes the development of flow reaction forces that have to be transferred in an adequate way via the piping to the steel structure or via the connected vessel into the foundation. If the safety valve outlet piping is connected to a blowdown system or, in case of blowing off into the atmosphere, are equipped with a T‐piece at the outlet, the stationary reaction forces are compensated completely. The transient opening process, however, develops flow reaction forces which culminate in peaks of short duration. In this article, a simple method will be proposed for the estimation of the resulting reaction forces as a function of the length of the pipe at the safety valve outlet. CFD calculations and blowdown tests executed with a full‐lift safety valve have confirmed this method on principle. Special importance is attributed to the short duration of the effect of the reaction forces which seems to have only a negligible impact on the supporting steel structure.     

大庆长垣以东地区深层天然气输导特征及成藏

大庆长垣以东地区深层天然气输导通道主要由断裂、不整合面和砂体构成。该区砂体横向分布不稳定，物性差，不是天然气侧向长距离运移的输导通道，但可以起到衔接输导作用。输导通道时该区天然气成藏与分布起到了重要控制作用，主要表现在断裂将天然气输导致上覆不同储集层中聚集成藏。不整合面和砂体将天然气输导到四周古隆起上聚集成藏。沿断裂输导的天然气形成以断层为主的构造气藏。沿不整合面和砂体输导的天然气形成以地层及岩性为主的气藏。沿断裂输导运移聚集的天然气在剖面上呈串多层分布，沿不整合面和砂体输导运移聚集的天然气在平面上呈环状分布。     

腐蚀引起钻柱刺漏的机理分析及预防措施

详细分析了腐蚀引起钻柱刺漏的机理，得知：造成钻柱刺漏的主要原因是空气中的O2、地层中的硫化氢和二氧化碳、钻井液残液、钻井液中的盐类对钻柱的腐蚀和钻井液对钻柱的冲蚀。针对引起钻柱刺漏的原因，制定了去除钻井液中的O2、监测钻井液腐蚀性并加入相应的添加剂去除CO2和H2S、定期对钻杆进行检测、对存放的钻杆进行防腐处理、使用厚过渡区改进型钻杆等措施。在苏丹某区块现场实践证明，采取这些措施，由腐蚀引起的钻柱刺漏事故大大减少，在该区块的T-1井和D-1井钻进的3个月中，仅发生一次钻柱刺漏事故。     

RI/VI联用测定聚乙烯相对分子质量及其分布

150℃测试温度下，以1，2，4-三氯苯为溶剂，采用示差折光指数器，毛细管黏度计双检测器联用凝胶渗透色谱技术测定了聚乙烯的相对分子质量及其分布。与常规凝胶渗透色谱法对比，该方法不仅能直接得到聚乙烯较精确的相对分子质量和分布形态，同时可以得到聚乙烯的特性黏数分布。     

河口坝砂体储层非均质性及剩余油分布

运用非均质综合指数，以胜坨油田坨28断块沙二段8,9砂层组为例，对河口坝砂体储层的层间、层内、平面非均质性进行了定量表征，并分析了非均质性与剩余油分布之间的关系。认为河口坝储层层间非均质性弱，而层内、平面非均质性以中等-弱为主，非均质综合指数与含油饱和度有良好的对应关系，剩余油主要分布在非均质性中等的区域内。     

胡状集北部沙一下段盐岩沉积与油气分布规律研究

运用层序地层学的方法,利用地震岩性反演手段,对东濮凹陷胡状集北部沙一下段盐岩透镜体形成古环境、盐湖层序结构模式以及盐岩透镜体所在区域油气分布规律进行了研究.结果认为：岩性透镜体是湖泊中心或斜坡带底部发育的盐类扇体,其盐间薄层白云岩、泥质白云岩和砂岩为有利的勘探目标;对研究区寻找隐蔽油气圈闭具有重要的指导意义.