Cooperative strategies of wireless access technologies: A game-theoretic analysis

The wireless Internet has to overcome the problem of spectrum scarcity as the number of mobile equipments could increase even by an order of magnitude in the next decade; the cooperation of mobile devices is foreseeable as a feasible solution to the problems. There exists a large body of literature on opportunistic ad hoc networking including Pelusi et al. (2006) [25], Chen et al. (2006) [26], Hui et al. (2005) [27]; however, the impact of the location of the devices on their access method selection is not yet appropriately dealt with. In this paper, we address this issue based on game-theoretic analyses. The key contribution of our work is threefold. First, we model the access method selection of mobile devices by extending the classical forwarding game with position, mobility, and availability of the devices. Second, we apply the model in game-theoretic analyses to better understand the optimal cooperation strategies in the presence of heterogeneous wireless technologies. We further extend our framework to include uncertainty. Finally, we present the applicability of the model in a cognitive radio scenario where complex structures of parameters are included.     

European patents for biotechnological inventions – past, present and future

It is now well accepted that although biotech inventions may relate to living materials it is possible to secure patent protection for all but a limited number in certain defined categories. The author traces the development of biotech patents from the early days, when decisions of the Courts and the EPO set the necessary precedents, to the adoption of the European Directive in July 1998. He then goes on to explain in more detail the key features of the Directive and refers to a number of precedent decisions which, in combination with the Directive, show how certain problem areas have been tackled. Although emphasis is placed on the key areas of plant and animal patents, the patenting of gene sequences and issues of morality the author stresses that the established principles of novelty, inventive step and industrial application are, more often than not, adequate to decide the patentability of the vast majority of biotech inventions.     

To Intervene or not to Intervene: The Dilemma of Management by Exception

Future air traffic management architectures propose to give aircraft more flight path autonomy and turn the air traffic controller into a manager of exceptions. This article reports on one experiment in a series of studies that empirically explored the cognitive work underlying management by exception in air traffic control. Active practitioners (controllers, pilots, dispatchers) were prepared on the rules of the envisioned system and presented with a series of future incidents, each of which they were required to jointly resolve. Management by exception turns out to trap human controllers in a double bind, where intervening early seems appealing but is difficult to justify (airspace throughput) and carry out (controller workload problems). Late interventions are just as difficult, since controllers will have to take over in the middle of a potentially challenging or deteriorating situation. Computerised decision support that flags exceptions migrates the decision criterion into a device, creating a threshold crossing that is typically set either too early or too late. This article lays out the intertwined trade-offs and dilemmas for the exception manager, and makes recommendations for cooperative human–machine architectures in future air traffic management.     

青藏高原油气勘探前景

青藏高原为我国中新生代海相沉积最发育的地区,存在着众多的中、新生代沉积盆地,油气勘探前景很大,尤其是羌塘和措勤盆地,但由于特殊地理条件的限制,区内地质研究程度很低,在海相中生界石油勘探方面,几乎为空白区。羌塘盆地为青藏高原面积最大、构造上较稳定的地区,基底埋深大,存在着隆、坳相间的构造格局,生油岩厚度大,生储盖组合条件较好。措勤盆地基底埋深较大,也存在较厚的生油岩。     

亚麻纤维在卧室空间中的应用前景探究

本文在介绍亚麻纤维的基本特性的基础上,将亚麻纤维材料与其他纤维材料进行了比较,并对其在卧室空间中的应用现状及对其应用前景进行了阐述,希望这对于亚麻纤维材料的应用及研发有一定的借鉴意义。     

朔南勘探区煤炭资源开发前景分析

通过对朔南勘探区煤炭资源赋存条件、资源状况和开发条件的分析，认为该区煤炭资源储量丰富，构造简单，煤层稳定，具备了较好的开发条件，可作为大同煤矿集团公司大规模开发煤炭资源的勘探目标之一。     

松花江流域水利建设成就与展望

松花江是我国七大江河之一， 流经内蒙古、黑龙江、吉林和辽宁省， 流域面积５５６８ 万ｋｍ ２， 文中从流域规划、防洪体系建设、水土流失治理、生态环境保护、农田水利建设和城市水利建设等诸方面介绍了建国５０ 年来的重要成就和主要经验， 并对存在的问题进行了讨论， 提出了嫩江干流控制性枢纽工程的建设将成为下世纪初松花江流域水利建设的重点。     

锯齿波跳汰机的研制应用及展望

本文介绍了自引进荷兰IHC锯齿波跳汰机以来,根据生产实践中出现的问题和扩大其应用范围的要求,结合我国砂金生产现状,进行了不断的改进、完善而精心研制出不同规格的锯齿波跳汰机,从而提高了金的回收率 增加了经济效益,并对今后的推广和应用提出了设想。     

珠江口盆地白云西-开平凹陷油气聚集及勘探目标研究

应用三角洲沉积体系、凹陷类型比较、层序地层学及多种特殊处理等方法、手段对珠江口盆地南部坳陷带白云西-开平凹陷的石油地质条件进行综合研究.认为白云西-开平凹陷是始新世的断陷,文昌组三角洲沉积体系具有丰富的生烃潜力;始新统三角洲体系和中新统海相砂泥岩是主要的勘探目的层;油气生成较晚,以短距离运移为主;KP6-1、11-1等构造是极为有利的勘探目标.     

纳米新技术新材料在石油工业中的应用前景

从石油工业的发展对新技术、新产品的依赖性入手，探讨了石油工业发展存在的技术问题和应用纳米技术和材料的可能性，并提出了产、学、研相结合，共创纳米技术在石油工业应用的新思路。