小切口开胸手术治疗早期非小细胞肺癌的临床分析

目的回顾性分析小切口开胸手术及传统开胸手术行肺叶切除术的优缺点。方法将98例肺癌患者随机分为A组(小切口开胸组)和B组(传统开胸手术组)。比较2组开胸时间、关胸时间、开胸出血量,术后引流量、术后疼痛以及住院时间、费用和术后并发症均进行对比。结果 A组手术时间和住院时间同B组无差异(P>0.05),开胸出血量、术后引流量以及术后疼痛均显著低于B组(P<0.05);A组术后并发症发生率明显低于B组(P<0.05)。结论腋下小切口治疗肺癌较传统切口损伤轻、出血少,功能恢复好。     

Biodegradable synthetic polymers: Preparation, functionalization and biomedical application

Biodegradable polymers have been widely used and have greatly promoted the development of biomedical fields because of their biocompatibility and biodegradability. The development of biotechnology and medical technology has set higher requirements for biomedical materials. Novel biodegradable polymers with specific properties are in great demand. Biodegradable polymers can be classified as natural or synthetic polymers according to the source. Synthetic biodegradable polymers have found more versatile and diverse biomedical applications owing to their tailorable designs or modifications. This review presents a comprehensive introduction to various types of synthetic biodegradable polymers with reactive groups and bioactive groups, and further describes their structure, preparation procedures and properties. The focus is on advances in the past decade in functionalization and responsive strategies of biodegradable polymers and their biomedical applications. The possible future developments of the materials are also discussed.     

Targeting an EGFR Water Network with 4-Anilinoquin(az)oline Inhibitors for Chordoma

Quinoline- and quinazoline-based kinase inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have been used to target non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and chordomas with varying amounts of success. We designed and prepared compounds to probe several key structural features including an interaction with Asp855 within the EGFR DGF motif and interactions with the active site water network. EGFR target engagement was then evaluated in a cellular assay, with the inhibitors then profiled in representative cellular models of NSCLC and chordomas. In addition, structure–activity relationship insight into EGFR inhibitor design with potent dimethoxyquin(az)olines identified compounds 1 [N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxyquinolin-4-amine], 4 [N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-4-amine], and 7 [4-((3-ethynylphenyl)amino)-6,7-dimethoxyquinoline-3-carbonitrile]. We also identified 6,7-dimethoxy-N-(4-((4-methylbenzyl)oxy)phenyl)quinolin-4-amine (compound 18 ), which is the most potent inhibitor (IC₅₀=310 nm ) of the UCH-2 chordoma cell line to date.     

The Small Molecule Fractions of Floccularia luteovirens Induce Apoptosis of NSCLC Cells through Activating Caspase-3 Activity

Floccularia luteovirens is a rare wild edible and medicinal fungus endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In this study, the hollow fiber membranes with molecular weights of 50 kDa, 6 kDa and 3 kDa were used to extract different fractions of F. luteovirens, which were named as #1, #2 and #3. Then the antitumor activity of these fractions on NSCLC cell lines, PC9 and NCI-H460, were investigated by using MTT assay, flow cytometry analysis and Western blot assay. The results indicated that the #2 and #3 fractions showed obviously inhibitory activities on PC9 and NCI-H460 tumor cells and proved that these small molecule fractions induced apoptosis of NSCLC cells by activating caspase-3. Finally, a total of 15 components, including six amino acids, two nucleosides, two glycosides, two terpenoids, one phenylpropanoid, one ester and one alkaloid, were identified in #2 and #3 fractions. This is the first evidence that the small molecule components of F. luteovirens were able to inhibit lung cancer by inducing apoptosis in a caspase-3 manner. The present study indicated the benefits of F. luteovirens in lung cancer treatment, which might be a potential resource of functional food and drugs.     

藻蓝色素调控RIPK1对多种非小细胞肺癌细胞活性的影响

藻蓝蛋白又称藻蓝色素蛋白(PC),是一种具有抗肿瘤活性的天然食品着色剂,对包括肺癌在内的多种肿瘤具有显著的抑制作用,然而其在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中的调控机理尚不完全明确.本研究以H1299、H460和LTEP-a-23种典型的非小细胞肺癌细胞为模型,探究藻蓝蛋白在抑制非小细胞肺癌增殖和诱导细胞凋亡过程中的关键调控...     

Influence of Preoperative Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) Level on the Prognosis of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

The purpose of this work is to analyze preoperative serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and their effect on the prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after surgical operation. These analyses were performed retrospectively in patients with NSCLC followed by surgery; participants were recruited between January 2004 and January 2008. All clinical information and laboratory results were collected from medical records. We explored the association between preoperative serum AST and recurrence-free survival (RFS), and the overall survival (OS) of NSCLC patients. Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox multivariate analysis, stratified by the AST median value, were used to evaluate the prognostic effect. A chi-squared test was performed to compare clinical characteristics in different subgroups. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. A total of 231 patients were enrolled. The median RFS and OS were 22 and 59 months, respectively. The AST levels were divided into two groups, using a cut-off value of 19 U/L: High AST (>19 U/L), n = 113 vs. low AST (≤19 U/L), n = 118. Multivariate analysis indicated that preoperative serum AST > 19 U/L (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.685, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.493–0.994, p = 0.046 for RFS, HR = 0.646, 95% CI: 0.438–0.954, p = 0.028 for OS) was an independent prognostic factor for both RFS and OS. High preoperative serum AST levels may serve as a valuable marker to predict the prognosis of NSCLC after operation.     

Inhibitory Effects of Natural Compound Alantolactone on Human Non-small Cell Lung Cancer A549 Cells

Alantolactone is a natural compound identified from the roots of Inula helenium L. that has multiple bio-activities. We examined its inhibitory effects on human non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) A549 cells. The antiproliferative effect of alantolactone on A549 ceils was investigated via MTT[3'-(4,5dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay and its apoptosis-inducing effect was determined by Hoechst staining and flow cytometry. We found that alantolactone significantly inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells and induced morphological changes typical for apoptosis. Flow cytometry analysis indicates dose-dependent cell cycle retardation at G0/G1 and S stages. The results indicate that alantolactone could be an attractive small-molecular natural compound for further development as a therapeutic drug against NSCLC.     

Identification of Prognostic and Chemopredictive microRNAs for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer by Integrating SEER-Medicare Data

This study developed a novel methodology to correlate genome-scale microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles in a lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) cohort (n = 57) with Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare LUSC patients (n = 33,897) as a function of composite tumor progression indicators of T, N, and M cancer stage and tumor grade. The selected prognostic and chemopredictive miRNAs were extensively validated with miRNA expression profiles of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient samples collected from US hospitals (n = 156) and public consortia including NCI-60, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; n = 1016), and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE; n = 117). Hsa-miR-142-3p was associated with good prognosis and chemosensitivity in all the studied datasets. Hsa-miRNA-142-3p target genes (NUP205, RAN, CSE1L, SNRPD1, RPS11, SF3B1, COPA, ARCN1, and SNRNP200) had a significant impact on proliferation in 100% of the tested NSCLC cell lines in CRISPR-Cas9 (n = 78) and RNA interference (RNAi) screening (n = 92). Hsa-miR-142-3p-mediated pathways and functional networks in NSCLC short-term survivors were elucidated. Overall, the approach integrating SEER-Medicare data with comprehensive external validation can identify miRNAs with consistent expression patterns in tumor progression, with potential implications for prognosis and prediction of chemoresponse in large NSCLC patient populations.     

鸦胆子油乳联合GP方案化疗治疗晚期非细胞肺癌36例临床观察

目的研究鸦胆子油乳联合GP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床效果。方法对2007年6月至2009年6月我院入院治疗的36例患者进行研究,随机分为2组,治疗组采用GP化疗联合使用药鸦胆子油乳,3周为1个疗程,共治疗4个疗程。对照组单独使用GP方案进行化疗。结果治疗组有效率为55.6%,对照组有效率为33.3%,2组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组发生血液性毒性不良反应的发生率为27.8%,低于对照组50%,有显著性差异(P<0.05),并且治疗组治疗后的生活质量要好于对照组。结论鸦胆子油乳联合GP治疗非小细胞肺癌疗效显著,好于GP单独化疗,并且骨髓抑制副作用小,能够显著提高患者生活质量,值得临床推广应用。