Designing of primary air nozzles for large-scale CFB boilers in a combined numerical-experimental approach

The article presents a numerical-experimental approach for designing the primary air nozzles working with a large-scale Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boiler. An analysis of the criteria that must be satisfied by CFB air grids has been made and it has been demonstrated that the existing correlations which are used in designing air grids are not possible to be utilized for determining the optimal nozzle design. On the example of a prototype nozzle design, based on the proposed design algorithm, the results of both numerical simulations and laboratory tests, whose aim was to determine the optimal geometry of a nozzle operating with a 235 MW_e asymmetric-design CFB boiler, are presented.     

基于光二分路器的多路分光比的设计

提出一种设计多路分光器分光比的新方法--分解组合法.将多路分光器视为光二分路器的各种组合,分解后,引入等效光纤长度的新概念,将分光损耗对等折算为一定长度的光纤损耗,再利用光二分路器分光比的简便设计方法,巧妙地设计出多路分光器的各路分光比.     

硫磺造粒机产能提升的研究

CF型回转钢带造粒机是目前国内硫磺造粒使用最多的设备.文章介绍了丹霞冶炼厂CF型造粒机的产能提升的情况,从传动系统、布料系统、冷却系统进行分析,并提出改进措施.通过这些改进措施提高造粒机运转能力,产能原设计能力5t/h～5.5t/h提升至7t/h～8t/h.     

一种集成最后一公里的四方物流网络设计问题启发式算法

最后一公里分销网络可以帮助企业达成高响应性的供应链管理目标,集成最后一公里四方物流网络设计问题成为网络设计的一个重要研究方向.解决该问题需要对分销中心的位置,三方物流的选择、分配以及其车辆路径规划进行决策.在满足车辆路径规划、流守恒等约束条件下,以最小化网络构建费用为目标建立混合整数规划模型.由于该问题的NP-难特性,...     

空调用不同类型压降式分配器分流均匀性的实验对比

为筛选出分流性能较好的空调用压降式分配器类型,需要掌握现有不同类型压降式分配器的分流特性。本文设计并搭建了分配器的分流均匀性检测实验台,并对现有的反射式分配器、射流环分配器、文丘里式分配器和带过滤网分配器等4种压降式分配器的分流不均匀度进行了测试。测试工况涵盖空调系统正常运行的制冷剂体积流量范围为32~125 L/h、干度范围为0.15~0.22,且分配器安装角度与竖直方向的偏斜角度在0°~90°之间变化。结果表明,大的制冷剂体积流量入口或分配器垂直安装条件下更有利于分配器分流均匀性的提升;在这4种分配器中,带过滤网分配器在所有实验工况下的分流不均匀度均小于0.05,表现出良好的分流均匀性,适合不同的安装角度和流量工况。     

下行床入口分布器的计算流体力学模拟研究

针对下行床入口分布器难以兼顾颗粒浓度增加（增浓）和均匀分布的问题,基于下行床中气固两相流动机制提出了一种适用于下行床颗粒增浓的新型入口分布器,利用已开发的结构曳力模型耦合CFD软件考察了下行床流体力学性能。模拟结果表明,结构曳力模型模拟结果与试验结果一致,说明该模型能够准确预测下行床床层固含率的分布;相对于传统入口分布器,采用了分区流化、文丘里式溢流管和漏斗式设计的新型入口分布器的轴向固含率分布更加均匀;在新型入口分布器颗粒循环量为700 kg/(m².s)的条件下,下行床反应器床层平均固含率可达6%,且均匀分布;气速和颗粒循环量对下行床颗粒增浓的程度不同,颗粒循环量是床层内颗粒增浓更为关键的调控因素。     

Evaluation of metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells (MS-SOFCs) fabricated at low temperature (∼1,000 °C) using wet chemical coating processes and a catalyst wet impregnation method

The objective of this study is to evaluate metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells fabricated at low temperatures (～1000 °C) in oxidizing environments using wet chemical coating processes and a catalyst impregnation method. Typically, applying general wet chemical coating processes and heat treatment at low temperature is desirable for fabricating metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells when considering manufacturing productivity and efficiency. However, in the case of conventional anodes, a well-organized structure for high performance is rarely formed by sintering at low temperatures when using general fabrication processes. For this reason, a catalyst-impregnated anode is designed and applied to overcome the above issue. First, to evaluate the electrochemical performance of the designed anode, the area-specific resistances of half-cells are investigated. Then, the newly designed anode is applied to a single cell, and microstructural analysis and electrochemical performance measurements are performed. These results confirm that the catalysts are well distributed, that the electrolyte is fully dense and that the electrochemical performances are reasonable. Additionally, the high durability is also verified through a long-term test over 1000 h. Finally, the metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell with a catalyst-impregnated anode fabricated at low temperature is completely validated through the evaluation of a large-size single cell.