Molecular Mechanisms of the Deregulation of Muscle Contraction Induced by the R90P Mutation in Tpm3.12 and the Weakening of This Effect by BDM and W7

Point mutations in the genes encoding the skeletal muscle isoforms of tropomyosin can cause a range of muscle diseases. The amino acid substitution of Arg for Pro residue in the 90th position (R90P) in γ-tropomyosin (Tpm3.12) is associated with congenital fiber type disproportion and muscle weakness. The molecular mechanisms underlying muscle dysfunction in this disease remain unclear. Here, we observed that this mutation causes an abnormally high Ca²⁺-sensitivity of myofilaments in vitro and in muscle fibers. To determine the critical conformational changes that myosin, actin, and tropomyosin undergo during the ATPase cycle and the alterations in these changes caused by R90P replacement in Tpm3.12, we used polarized fluorimetry. It was shown that the R90P mutation inhibits the ability of tropomyosin to shift towards the outer domains of actin, which is accompanied by the almost complete depression of troponin’s ability to switch actin monomers off and to reduce the amount of the myosin heads weakly bound to F-actin at a low Ca²⁺. These changes in the behavior of tropomyosin and the troponin–tropomyosin complex, as well as in the balance of strongly and weakly bound myosin heads in the ATPase cycle may underlie the occurrence of both abnormally high Ca²⁺-sensitivity and muscle weakness. BDM, an inhibitor of myosin ATPase activity, and W7, a troponin C antagonist, restore the ability of tropomyosin for Ca²⁺-dependent movement and the ability of the troponin–tropomyosin complex to switch actin monomers off, demonstrating a weakening of the damaging effect of the R90P mutation on muscle contractility.     

LabVIEW 7 Express平台上的液压测试系统

为了满足工程实践对先进液压测试技术的需要，研究了基于美国NI公司最新推出的LabVIEW 7 Express虚拟仪器开发平台的液压测试系统的软硬件结构，介绍了测试系统实现网络通讯、数据库链接和多种编程语言联合作业的方法，提出了现代液压测试系统的技术方案。     

STUDY OF INTERFACES AND SURFACES OF YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-x)-Ag

Interfaces and surfaces of YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-x)(YBCO)-Ag have been studied by SEM-EDXand AES.No effect of Ag on 123 structure in X-ray diffraction pattern was observedfor 0.4 mol Ag doped YBCO.AES analysis indicated that Ag segregated on surfaceof YBCO and resulted in decrease of YBCO-metal lead resistance.In addition,solutionand segregation of Ag as elemental state were often appeared on interfaces and surfacesof high temperature annealed YBCO,whether elemental Ag or compound Ag_2O andAgNO_3 adopted as doping material.     

LD7铝合金热变形行为的实验研究

在G1eeble-1500热模拟试验机上对LD7铝合金试样在变形程度为60％，变形温度为360～480℃、变形速率为0．0l～1s^-1的条件下进行等温压缩试验，然后对其进行固溶处理。根据试验结果分析热变形参数对合金流动应力和固溶之后显微组织的影响，可以得到如下结论：LD7铝合金是动态回复型合金，合金的流动应力随温度的升高而降低，随应变速率的升高而升高；合金的晶粒尺寸随温度的升高而增大，随变形程度和变形速率的增大而减小。     

LD7铝合金时效工艺的研究

通过试验系统地研究了ＬＤ７铝合金的单级和两级时效工艺。结果表明，与传统的单级时效相比，两级时效在不降低室温强度，硬度的前提下，可显著提高合金的电导率及高温性能。     

用相变方法制取高纯度超细钽粉的研究

报导了通过相变热处理使Ｋ２ＴａＦ７晶体参数发生变化，以利于制取高纯度超细钽粉的实验依据和结果。结果表明，Ｋ２ＴａＦ７在２００～２５０℃发生可逆相变；相变后Ｋ２ＴａＦ７晶体的粒径可由原来的１３５１．８μｍ减小至７０．８μｍ，极大地提高了比表面积；相变后，杂质极大挥发，提高了Ｋ２ＴａＦ７的纯度。     

稀土Y对纳米粉90W-Ni-Fe合金性能和微观结构的影响

采用SEM和金相仪器对添加不同Y量的纳米粉90W-7Ni-3Fe合金试样断口进行形貌观察和W晶粒测试：并对烧结态试样的相对密度、抗拉强度、延伸率等性能进行测定与分析。结果表明：当Y量在0．2％～0．6％（质量百分数，下同）时，试样相对密度为99.2％～99．6％，抗拉强度为1000MPa-1100MPa，延伸率为16％-19．5％：添加0．4％Y后，W晶粒从原来的20μm～25μm减小到12μm，W晶粒形状由不加稀土时的球形变为近球形或多边形。添加0．4％Y后，在界面上形成了W13．07Ni2.96Fe1.52Y23．65Ox（摩尔数比）的中间相，其阻止了W原子在粘结相中的扩散，阻止了W晶粒长大，细化了W晶粒，提高了合金的性能。     

Na2B4O7对镁合金旧料组织和性能的影响

利用等离子发射光谱仪、电镜、X衍射、万能材料试验机、腐蚀试验等手段研究了不同Na2B4O7含量的熔剂对镁合金废旧料的力学性能、相组成、断口形貌以及腐蚀行为的影响.研究表明,使用含Na2B4O7的熔剂可以使镁合金旧料中Fe的质量分数降低到0.004%以下,同时提高材料的抗拉强度和伸长率.腐蚀试验表明含Na2B4O7的质量分数为20%的熔剂可以使材料的腐蚀速率从15.1 mg*cm-2*d-1降低到0.4 mg*cm-2*d-1.电镜观察和X衍射表明,净化处理对断口形貌和相组成没有明显影响.最后分析了Na2B4O7除铁的机理,认为Fe与B形成某种化合物沉淀下来是主要原因.     

快速凝固Mg94.6Zn4.8Y0.6合金薄带微观结构及显微偏析

采用单辊快速凝固技术制备了Mg94．6 Zn4．8 Y0.6合金快速凝固薄带，并通过扫描电镜的背散射及线扫描研究了快速凝固Mg94．6 Zn4．8 Y0.6合金薄带的显微偏析。结菜表明，由于溶质截流，单辊快速凝固Mg94．6 Zn4．8 Y0.6合金薄带为过饱和单相α—Mg固溶体的蜂窝状组织，Mg、Zn和Y宏观分布比较均匀。但在薄带厚度方向上存在偏析，在晶内也存在显微偏析，偏析形成是由于从辊面到自由面凝固速度的差异及溶质传输和晶格结构造成的，其中Zn元素偏析最大，Y元素次之，Mg元素最小。     

7-氨基-6-氰基-5-(3-硝基苯基)吡喃并嘧啶-2,4-二酮的合成

报道了常温、超声辐射、水中、无催化剂条件下，以3-硝基苯甲醛、丙二腈和巴比妥酸为原料合成标题化合物的方法。考察了超声技术、反应时间及反应温度对反应的影响。最佳反应条件为：室温、超声辐射2h，收率为86．2％。