玉树与青海主网联网工程植被保护研究与应用

玉树地区发生地震后,当地的电力设施受损严重,加之随着经济社会的发展,社会用电量不断增加,玉树联网工程的建设不仅可解决玉树地区的用电问题,同时可将丰水期玉树地区富余的水电外送。然而该工程穿越三江源腹地,工程沿线生态环境极其脆弱,一旦破坏将很难恢复。针对工程建设的特点,提出了建设中采取拦挡隔离、铺设钢板、草皮剥离养护等植被保护措施,以及施工结束后植被恢复过程中的草种选择、搭配比例、后期抚育等相关要点,为保护高原生态环境提供了技术支撑。     

4D Printing: Multi-Material Shape Change

How might 4D printing overcome the obstacles that are hampering the rolling out and scaling up of 3D printing? Skylar Tibbits , Director of the Self-Assembly Lab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), describes how the Lab has partnered up with Stratasys Ltd, an industry leader in the development of 4D Printing, and is making the development of self-assembly programmable materials and adaptive technologies for industrial application in building design and construction its focus.     

Empathic Imagination: Formal and Experiential Projection

The celebrated architect, educator and author Juhani Pallasmaa is well-known for having forged a new understanding of perception and the experiential in architecture with his seminal book The Eyes of the Skin: Architecture and the Sensory (3rd edn, Wiley, 2012). Here he describes how ‘imagining human situations’ is at the core of architecture, relying on the interrelationship of physical space, behaviour and the capacity for mental tuning.     

“三软”煤层注水压裂增透机理及瓦斯抽采施工参数确定

针对豫西"三软"煤矿区瓦斯低渗难抽问题的特殊性,探讨了主采二1煤层生、储气层的变形特征。以ABAQUS软件为平台,依托告成煤矿建立了滑动构造带三维非线性流—固耦合水力压裂模型。应用多参数耦合模拟方法,探讨了定向注水压裂过程中目标层的流变—损伤—渗流耦合行为;同时利用T—P损伤演化准则的Cohesive单元,模拟了目标层裂隙的起裂和扩展过程。此外,探讨了煤岩体对动力荷载的响应机制和动态条件下的压裂效果。研究结果表明,定向注水新工艺条件下,当注水压力为4.5MPa,注水时间在2h左右时,水力压裂在顺层软煤中的影响半径基本可以达到80~100m这一理想数据,从而大幅度地改善了"三软"煤层低渗性能。实践证明,采用正确的施工方法和技术参数优化组合,可以有效提高煤层的透气性和瓦斯抽采效果,对复杂矿区瓦斯综合利用具有重要借鉴意义。     

Optimal hybrid modeling approach for polymerization reactors using parameter estimation techniques

The dynamics of polymerization catalytic reactors have been investigated by many researchers during the past five decades; however, the emphasis of these studies was directed towards correlating process model parameters using empirical investigation based on small scale experimental setup and not on real process conditions. The resulting correlations are of limited practical use for industrial scale operations. A statistical study for the relative correlation of each of the effective process parameters revealed the best combination of parameters that could be used for optimizing the process model performance. Parameter estimation techniques are then utilized to find the values of these parameters that minimize a predefined objective function. Published real industrial scale data for the process was used as a basis for validating the process model. To generalize the model, an artificial neural network approach is used to capture the functional relationship of the selected parameters with the process operating conditions. The developed ANN-based correlation was used in a conventional fluidized catalytic bed reactor (FCR) model and simulated under industrial operating conditions. The new hybrid model predictions of the melt-flow index and the emulsion temperature were compared to industrial measurements as well as published models. The predictive quality of the hybrid model was superior to other models. The suggested parameter estimation and modeling approach can be used for process analysis and possible control system design and optimization investigations.     

简述胶晶模板法制备三维有序大孔炭材料

三维有序大孔炭(3DOM)材料是近年来刚刚兴起的多孔材料领域一项重要研究课题。3DOM大孔炭材料不仅具有多孔材料的一般特点,还具有孔结构排列周期性强、孔径分布窄、大孔尺寸均匀可调,且具有较大的孔径、较高的表面积等一系列特点,在新型催化、吸附分离、电极材料等方面都具有潜在的应用价值。本文总结了近年来胶晶模板法制备三维有序大孔炭材料,分别从模板的制备、碳源的选择以及到最终大孔炭的制备三个方面加以总结概述。     

三峡-葛洲坝梯级水库调度对坝下河流的生态水文影响

本文以1901-2002年宜昌水文站日流量作为三峡水库的入库流量,模拟三峡-葛洲坝梯级水库正常运行后的泄流过程,采用水文变化指标法和变化范围法,评估调度对葛洲坝下游河流33项生态水文指标的影响.研究表明:梯级水库运行将坝下河流月均流量在10月份显著降低、5月和6月上旬明显增加、1～3月份普遍增至5000m3/s左右;年...     

广东电网110kV接线方式分析

分析了目前广东电网110 kV接线方式,介绍了广东110 kV目标电网主要采用的T接、链式两种接线方式.并对广东典型的三T接线方式与完全双回链式接线方式进行了比较.     

浅谈三峡—葛洲坝联合运行对葛洲坝电站的影响

介绍了三峡-葛洲坝梯级电站联合运行体系,从葛洲坝入库流量规律变化、水资源利用率提高、发电效益增加、汛期浮渣性质改变及长江航运配合等方面,分析了2003年三峡工程蓄水以来联合运行模式对葛洲坝电站的影响.