无毒防污涂料的研究进展

介绍了低表面能防污涂料、生物防污涂料、无毒硅酸盐防污涂料等新型的无毒防污涂料的研究进展，并展望了无毒防污涂料的发展趋势。     

海洋防污涂料

综述了海洋防污涂料防污性能的影响因素、配方设计要素，以及无毒防污涂料的种类和最新进展。     

有机硅改性丙烯酸树脂低表面能防污涂料

利用有机硅对丙烯酸类树脂进行化学改性.探索体系中有机硅在不同质量分数时对树脂的单体转化率、酸值、固含量及用其制备的基料的防污性能的影响.并加入实验室自制的醌类防污剂和各种颜料制成低表面能防污涂料.通过红外吸收光谱对合成的产物进行表征与分析.对基料进行的涂料漆膜常规性能检测表明,其性能符合国标要求.     

Cellulose Sponge with Superhydrophilicity and High Oleophobicity Both in Air and under Water for Efficient Oil–Water Emulsion Separation

Oil–water emulsions stabilized by surfactants are fine dispersions of oil in water or of water in oil and difficult to separate which will lead to serious water pollution. A more recent development is the ability to fabricate oleophobic–hydrophilic surfaces in air, which are not easy to construct due to the difference surface tension between water and oil. Herein, a cellulose sponge with multipore structure is fabricated to increase the removal efficiency. Amphiphilic molecular brushes of polyethylene glycol with short perfluorinated end caps (F‐PEG) are grafted on cellulose sponges to solve the contradictory relation of hydrophilicity and oleophobicity and improve oil/water selective wettability and fouling resistance. Besides, stable superhydrophilicity and superoleophobicity under water, corrosive liquids, and high oleophobicity in air conditions are exhibited in the F‐PEG grafted porous cellulose sponges with textured surfaces (F‐g‐CS). And the separation efficiency and rate of F‐g‐CS with surface of nanopores are 99.92% and 180 L m⁻² h⁻¹, while that of micropores are 99.83% and 297 L m⁻² h⁻¹ only under gravity. It is demonstrated that the grafting F‐PEG molecules imparted F‐g‐CS of micropores surface with high flux and separation efficiency simultaneously. Furthermore, antifouling property and collection of water in oil–water mixture without fouling are possessed in F‐g‐CS.

     

无毒防污涂料的进展

无毒防污涂料是海洋防污涂料发展的必然趋势。综述了近年来无毒防污涂料的进展情况。     

低表面能防污涂料的最新研究进展

低表面能防污涂料(有机硅系列和氟化物系列)因具有独特的性能而在许多领域得到广泛应用.介绍了低表面能防污涂料防污的作用机理、特点,综述了低表面能防污涂料的应用和最新进展,并阐述了低表面能防污涂料有待解决的问题和今后的发展方向.     

Polybetaines in Biomedical Applications

Polybetaines, that have moieties bearing both cationic (quaternary ammonium group) and anionic groups (carboxylate, sulfonate, phosphate/phosphinate/phosphonate groups) situated in the same structural unit represent an important class of smart polymers with unique and specific properties, belonging to the family of zwitterionic materials. According to the anionic groups, polybetaines can be divided into three major classes: poly(carboxybetaines), poly(sulfobetaines) and poly(phosphobetaines). The structural diversity of polybetaines and their special properties such as, antifouling, antimicrobial, strong hydration properties and good biocompatibility lead to their use in nanotechnology, biological and medical fields, water remediation, hydrometallurgy and the oil industry. In this review we aimed to highlight the recent developments achieved in the field of biomedical applications of polybetaines such as: antifouling, antimicrobial and implant coatings, wound healing and drug delivery systems.     

舰船用防污涂料的研究进展

对近年来防污涂料的工业化进展进行了分析,介绍了从传统型的防污涂料到新型的无毒防污涂料的重要研究成果,探讨了新型的无毒防污涂料的发展趋势。     

石墨烯量子点纳滤膜的仿生修饰及稳定性研究

亲水修饰是提高纳滤膜抗污染性能的重要方法。采用氯化胆碱（ChC）对石墨烯量子点（GQDs-TMC）纳滤膜进行后处理仿生修饰,模拟细胞膜上磷酰胆碱的两性离子抗污染表面。红外光谱（FTIR）和表面元素分析（EDS）表明ChC以共价键结合在纳滤膜分离层上。提高反应温度和氯化胆碱溶液浓度,可以增加纳滤膜的仿生修饰程度。ChC的季铵基团与GQDs-TMC纳滤膜分离层羧基基团形成两性离子结构,提高了仿生修饰（GQDs/ChC-TMC）纳滤膜的亲水性,降低了表面电势,提高了对染料分子和二价盐离子的截留率,并且显著增强了抗污染性能。经过酸、碱和氧化剂溶液浸泡处理及高温纳滤膜分离实验,GQDs/ChC-TMC纳滤膜的渗透率和截留率均未发生较大改变,表明仿生纳滤膜具有优异的化学稳定性和耐热稳定性。     

Effect study of modulation of molecules of natural resin from black and Halepensis pinus in the removal of humidity from diesel fuel

One of the important stages in the preparation of fuel for the smooth progress of combustion is to remove humidity from it. Natural resin, a natural product from Pinus nigra and Pinus halepensis were used in order to remove water residues from petroleum fuels. The mass of resin (P. nigra and P. halepensis) was mixed with diesel fuel and the humidity eliminated, 38% and 69% of diesel fuel also. The proposed method can be used in a simple fuel cleaning process using a metal mesh vessel consisted of the natural resin of P. nigra sample.