基于深度学习的织物疵点检测研究进展

为提高疵点检测的准确性和通用性,实现使用简洁而有效的形式对织物图像的特点和疵点的本质特征进行综合表达,首先,介绍了深度学习技术,对引入了深度学习的疵点检测方法进行综述,同时对深度学习与疵点检测的内在关系进行阐述;然后,分析总结了深度学习的概念及代表性的计算模型,并对引入深度学习的疵点检测方法进行归纳、总结和分类;最后,对典型的方法进行了分析,讨论了各种方法的优缺点,并对未来的研究趋势进行了展望。指出：随着深度学习的发展,探索更加通用的检测方法是推进深度学习在织物疵点检测领域应用的努力方向。     

熟条外观质量对成纱纱疵的影响和控制

文章分析了FA311并条机毛条子的形成原因,主要通过牵伸工艺、并条机上的托棉板入口大小、吸风系统的调节、集束器的调整、喇叭口口径的选择和设备状态的调整来控制熟条的外观质量,减少成纱纱疵,从而提高络筒工序的生产效率。     

安琪酿酒酵母与管囊酵母原生质体制备和再生

通过紫外诱变筛选得到呼吸缺陷型酿酒酵母R40,再以R40和管囊酵母P01为亲本,进行原生质体制备与再生的研究,考察了酶浓度、酶解温度和酶解时间对两亲本原生质体制备和再生的影响。结果表明,当酶解时间为1 h,酶浓度为2%时,35℃下酶解酿酒酵母R40所得原生质体的形成率和再生率分别达到96.1%和12.5%;30℃下酶解管囊酵母P01所得原生质体的形成率和再生率为97.2%和10.1%。     

精纺呢绒经档原因分析和过程控制及预防

通过对经档、经绞印在精纺毛织物中的表现形式,指出了在影响产品质量的众多因素中经档、经绞印相对于其他纺织疵点来说具有较大的危害性、隐蔽性;同时通过对经档、经绞印形成原因的分析,总结出此类疵点可能产生的生产工序及形成原因,并对其做了较为详细的分析研究,提出了在实际生产过程中解决此类疵点相应的预防、控制措施,尤其是对含水溶性纤维的产品呢面经档、经绞印的预防、控制有独到的见解,对企业的生产具有一定的指导意义。     

利拉鲁肽对急性心肌梗死PCI术后心肌的保护作用

目的: 探讨利拉鲁肽对急性心肌梗死（AMI）经皮冠状动脉介入术（PCI）术后心肌的保护作用。 方法: 将110例于我院就诊的初发AMI并发应激性高血糖的患者分为两组，各55例；在常规标准治疗的基础上，观察组患者给予利拉鲁肽治疗，对照组患者采用胰岛素治疗；分别于PCI术前以及术后测定血液肌酸磷酸激酶（CK）、血肌酸激酶同工酶（CKMB）、肌钙蛋白T（cTnT）、B型利钠肽前体（NT-pro-BNP）及超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）比较心肌损伤情况；测定术后7 d及30 d的心肌灌注缺损积分、左心室射血分数（LVEF）、左心室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）比较心功能恢复情况。结果: 两组患者术后CK、CKMB、cTnT、hs-CRP均明显升高（P<0.05），NT-pro-BNP明显降低（P<0.05），观察组48 h峰值明显低于对照组（t=5.188、7.081、2.180、5.091、4.748, P<0.05）；心肌灌注缺损积分两组术后30 d指标较7 d时降低，对照组下降明显（t=7.963,P<0.05），术后7 d观察组明显低于对照组（t=6.235,P<0.05）。LVEF、LVEDD术后30 d指标较7 d时升高，观察组LVEF差异显著（t=2.016,P<0.05）；同期组间比较，术后30 d LVEF差异显著（t=2.032,P<0.05），其余差异不明显（P>0.05）。结论:利拉鲁肽可在AMI患者PCI术后对心肌发挥一定的保护作用。     

A Combined Ordered Macro‐Mesoporous Architecture Design and Surface Engineering Strategy for High‐Performance Sulfur Immobilizer in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

The practical application of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries is hindered by the “shuttle” of lithium polysulfides (LiPS) and sluggish Li–S kinetics issues. Herein, a synergistic strategy combining mesoporous architecture design and defect engineering is proposed to synthesize multifunctional defective 3D ordered mesoporous cobalt sulfide (3DOM N‐Co₉S_8?x) to address the shuttling and sluggish reaction kinetics of polysulfide in Li–S batteries. The unique 3DOM design provides abundant voids for sulfur storage and enlarged active interfaces that reduce electron/ion diffusion pathways. Meanwhile, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy shows that the surface defect engineering tunes the CoS₄ tetrahedra to CoS₆ octahedra on Co₉S₈, endowing abundance of S vacancies on the Co₉S₈ octahedral sites. The ever‐increasing S vacancies over the course of electrochemical process further promotes the chemical trapping of LiPS and its conversion kinetics, rendering fast and durable Li–S chemistry. Benefiting from these features, the as‐developed 3DOM N‐Co₉S_8?x/S cathode delivers high areal capacity, superb rate capability, and excellent cyclic stability with ultralow capacity fading rate under raised sulfur loading and low electrolyte content. This design strategy promotes the development of practically viable Li–S batteries and sheds lights on the material engineering in related energy storage application.     

The microstructure and magnetic properties of Ca2+ ion doped GdCrO3

In this paper, the crystal structure, vacancy defect, local electron density and magnetic properties of Gd_1-xCa_xCrO₃ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) polycrystalline samples were investigated systematically. The crystal structural analyses show that all the samples are orthorhombic phase and a structural distortion happens around x = 0.3. Due to the formation of Cr⁴⁺ ions, both the lattice constant and the Cr–O bond length decrease. The results of positron annihilation spectrum reveals that the vacancy defect concentration increases and the local electron structure changes with the introduction of Ca²⁺ ions. The field-cooled (FC) and zero-field cooled (ZFC) curves of Gd_1-xCa_xCrO₃ samples measured under H = 100 Oe exhibits negative magnetization characteristics due to the interaction between Gd³⁺ and Cr³⁺ ions, and the magnetism can be affected by the structural distortion.     

基于同轴图像传感的激光焊接过程质量监测技术

针对激光焊接过程中由于参数不匹配、装配误差等原因造成的焊接过程不稳定等焊接缺陷，基于同轴图像传感技术，建立起一套激光焊接过程中的质量在线监测系统，对焊接过程中的熔池图像进行了采集分析及其熔池特征信息的提取. 结果表明，在激光功率为1 500 W的不等厚不锈钢薄板激光焊接试验条件下，焊接过程中的不稳定、下塌缺陷以及焊偏现象与熔池形状各特征信息变化具有一定的相关性. 结合BP神经网络算法对所提特征信息进行分类、识别，基于LabVIEW软件平台，可实现相应缺陷的自动化识别及报警功能.     

The native point defects in C14 Mg2Ca Laves phase: A first-principles study

The native point defects in C14 Mg₂Ca Laves phase are studied from the first-principles density functional theory calculations within GGA approximation. The defect formation energies indicate that anti-site defects are energetically favored over vacancies. Under Mg-rich and even general Ca-rich condition, defect Mg_Ca of Mg anti-site on Ca sublattice is favorable owing to the lowest formation energy. The Ca_Mg2 defect of Ca anti-site on Mg2 sublattice is also likely dominant only under extreme Ca-rich environment. The present results could explain reasonably the asymmetric off-stoichiometry of Mg₂Ca. The effective point defect concentrations of Mg₂Ca as a function of composition and temperature at experimental range are also calculated from a canonical statistical model, and the derived results show a linear relationship between the logarithm of defect concentration and T⁻¹. Geometrical factor is further studied, and it is found that atomic size possesses an obvious influence on the structure of point defect in Mg₂Ca. The electronic feature is further studied to reveal underlying mechanism for formation of point defects.