高盐度废水生物处理现状与前景展望

简要介绍了国内外高含盐量废水生物处理的研究进展，主要有两段接触氧化、传统活性污泥法、SBR、膜法SBR、UASB、厌氧滤池、A^2/O工艺等，以及各种工艺的运行条件和处理状况。各种工艺在高含盐量条件下，经过适当的驯化培养，其他条件适宜，取得较好的处理效果。并介绍利用在高盐环境下生存的嗜盐细菌技术处理高含盐量废水的发展前景。     

医用可生物降解聚氨酯材料研究进展

可生物降解聚氨酯材料具有良好的生物相容性、机械强度好、易加工等特点,在医学中应用十分广泛。本文综述了可生物降解聚氨酯材料在医学上的应用、研究进展并对聚氨酯的组织相容性、血液相容性及降解性能进行了讨论,展望了其在医学中的发展前景。     

固定化脱氮硫杆菌净化硫化氢气体的研究

以海藻酸钙包埋脱氮硫杆菌制成的固定化微生物颗粒填充生物固定床,用以净化低浓度H2S废气。实验研究了温度、pH值、进气浓度及流速对反应体系中的H2S脱除率的影响,测定了生物固定床中代谢物的种类及其含量。结果表明当进气口的质量浓度低于6×10-5mg/L、25～40℃、pH值在6.0～7.5范围时,生物固定床对废气中H2S的脱除率可达90%以上,在反应过程中pH值保持不变;进气口的流速对不同浓度的H2S的影响较大,当进气口H2S质量浓度为3×10-5mg/L且流速在35L/h时,脱除率高达95%以上。元素硫作为主要产物防止了生物固定床的酸化,并保证脱硫装置的稳定性。     

粘帚霉可湿性粉剂助剂的初步研究

可湿性粉剂是生物农药的重要剂型。通过平板培养法，测定菌落形成单位数（cfu值1，开展了可湿性粉剂多种常用助剂对高效生防真菌粉红粘帚霉67．1菌株孢子的生物学相容性研究。所试载体中，滑石粉等4种处理与对照没有显著性的差异，对粘帚霉孢子活力影响不明显；所试润湿分散剂中，木质素磺酸钙与对照没有显著性差异，对粘帚霉孢子活力影响不明显；所试紫外保护剂均对孢子活力无显著影响，但在紫外灯照射3min的条件下，只有腐植酸和糊精能有效保护孢子活力；常用稳定剂CMC—Na（羧甲基纤维素钠）对孢子活力无影响。上述多种与粘帚霉孢子具良好生物学相容性助剂的确定，为粘帚霉可湿性粉剂的研究提供重要依据。     

苹果多酚的研究进展

苹果多酚作为一种新型的天然抗氧化剂,是苹果中一类重要的活性物质,在未成熟的苹果和果渣中含量丰富。介绍了苹果多酚的组成及性质、生化及生理功能、制备方法及分析,在医药、功能性食品、化妆品等领域的应用前景,并对苹果多酚的研究现状作了概述。     

固定化生物活性炭纤维处理餐饮污水

采用固定化生物活性炭纤维技术处理餐饮污水,在原水COD、油的平均质量浓度分别为961、254 mg/L时,经过砂滤、曝气、生物活性炭纤维柱后,COD去除率为84%,油的去除率为91%。试验结果表明:固定化生物活性炭纤维技术对餐饮废水有较好的处理效果,出水水质稳定,可达标排放。     

Modification of silica gel,cellulose, and polyurethane with a sterically hindered N‐halamine moiety to produce antimicrobial activity

The sterically hindered amine monomer 4‐[3‐triethoxysilylpropoxyl]‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine has been synthesized and covalently bonded to the surfaces of silica gel particles and cellulose (cotton) and copolymerized in a polyurethane coating formulation. Upon exposure to dilute sodium hypochlorite (household bleach), a very stable N‐Cl bond is formed in situ at the hindered amine nitrogen site. This source of oxidative chlorine provides an antimicrobial function to the silica gel, cotton, and polyurethane. Stability, regenerability, and biocidal efficacy data are presented. The new N‐halamine materials were remarkably effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli O157 : H7 in brief periods of contact. The materials should find application in water treatment and medical applications. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

阳离子双子表面活性剂的应用研究进展

介绍了阳离子双子表面活性剂近年来在新材料制备、抗腐蚀、杀菌、三次采油、织物染整、生物技术及造纸工业等方面的应用。     

Antimicrobial activity of statistical polymethacrylic sulfopropylbetaines against gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria

A series of statistical copolymers derived from 2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate with four different hydrophobic comonomers (ethyl, butyl, cyclohexyl, and octyl methacrylates) have been prepared via conventional free radical copolymerization under bulk conditions. The copolymers have been subsequently modified, with 1,3‐propanesultone to yield the corresponding polysulfoproylbetaine derivatives. Those copolymers exhibiting the requisite aqueous solubility have been screened with respect to their antimicrobial activity against two common and notorious pathogens, namely Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). We show that certain copolymers do indeed exhibit antimicrobial activity. The extent of activity is related to the molecular characteristics of the materials such as the molar composition and structure of the hydrophobic comonomer. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1036–1041, 2006     

Inverse Procedural Modelling of Trees

Procedural tree models have been popular in computer graphics for their ability to generate a variety of output trees from a set of input parameters and to simulate plant interaction with the environment for a realistic placement of trees in virtual scenes. However, defining such models and their parameters is a difficult task. We propose an inverse modelling approach for stochastic trees that takes polygonal tree models as input and estimates the parameters of a procedural model so that it produces trees similar to the input. Our framework is based on a novel parametric model for tree generation and uses Monte Carlo Markov Chains to find the optimal set of parameters. We demonstrate our approach on a variety of input models obtained from different sources, such as interactive modelling systems, reconstructed scans of real trees and developmental models.