BEM 系列原油流动性改进剂的应用

对BEM系列原油流动性改进剂的基本原理以及在中洛、濮临、东临、东黄、鲁宁、魏荆等几条原油长输管道工业应用的现场测试情况进行了介绍。结果表明，BEM系列原油流动性改进剂在降低原油凝点和粘度方面性能良好，能满足管道安全，平稳运行的要求。     

保护储层的无固相压井液

研制出了具有保护储层效果的无固相压井液，其基液配方为0．5％LG－1－1＋0．4％LG－2＋1％小阳离子＋0．1％其它。此外还研究开发出了无机盐增溶剂LG－3，加入LG－3可加宽低成本无机盐的使用范围，很大程度地降低压井液配液成本和单井综合成本。该压井液密度在1．0－2．5g/cm^3之间可调，具有无固相、滤失量低、抑制性强等特点，抗温能力在120℃左右。室内性能评价结果表明，无固相压井液对高渗储层岩心的渗透率损害率平均为4．0％，对低渗储层岩心的渗透率损害率平均为2．9％，说明该体系对储层具有很好的保护效果。     

含氯取代基的聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺的合成与表征

以 2 ,5 -二氯对苯二甲酰氯作为第三单体 ,将其与间苯二甲酰氯、间苯二胺在N ,N -二甲基乙酰胺中进行低温溶液共缩聚反应 ,合成了含氯取代基的聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺。研究了单体摩尔浓度、反应初始温度、叔胺添加剂种类、第三单体用量等对共聚物相对分子质量的影响 ,并用红外光谱、热重分析等方法对共聚物进行了表征。     

矿渣浆降失水剂GJ-1的应用

针对矿渣浆水灰比较大、固相含量相对较少、自由水比较多、失水量较大的特点，用实验的方法优选出了降失水剂GJ－1。实验和现场应用表明，GJ－1具有许多优点：（1）用量少，降失水效果显著；（2）配伍性良好，GJ－1的加入不影响激活剂、助剂、分散剂以及其它添加剂的作用效果；（3）耐温性良好，耐碱性比较好；（4）具有润湿、润滑作用，有利于泵送；（5）有一定的缓凝作用；（6）提高矿渣石的高温高压强度，GJ－1加量在0．6％以上时能将矿渣石的高温高压强度提高3－4MPa；（7）增粘不明显；（8）具有一定的悬浮能力；（9）强化矿渣浆的直角稠化，加入GJ－1的矿渣浆可以应用于防窝固井技术，能够解决长封固段井的固井难题和低密度矿渣浆的沉降稳定性问题，保证施工安全，提高固井质量。     

FCC原料掺入裂解焦油的研究及其机理分析

在催化裂化固定流化床小试装置上，对裂化原料中掺入富含芳烃的添加剂－裂解焦油进行了考察，确定了添加剂的最佳掺入量为1％，与不掺添加剂的裂化原料相比，其汽油产率提高，生焦量和干气产率减少，汽油选择性变好。同时通过对添加剂的原料体系的结构研究，对添加剂影响催化裂化过程的机理进行了探讨。     

添加剂组成对通用内燃机油性能的影响

通过相关模拟试验，分析研究了添加剂组成对通用内燃机油的抗磨性能，抗氧化性能以及清净分散性能的影响。     

纳米碳酸钙制备过程中添加剂作用机理探讨

采用鼓泡碳化法 ,在最佳反应温度、反应物浓度的条件下 ,考察了添加剂对产物形状及粒径大小的影响 ,得到了直径为 2 0～ 30nm、长径比在 2 0左右且分散性能良好的针状纳米碳酸钙 ,并对添加剂作用机理进行了分析。     

月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚硝酸酯助燃降污性能的研究

通过柴油发动机台架试验证明 ,月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚硝酸酯用作柴油添加剂 ,既可提高柴油的燃烧性能 ,又可降低排放尾气中的一氧化碳 (CO)、未燃碳氢化合物 (HC)、氮氧化物 (NOx)含量及烟度等多种功能 ,是一种良好的多功能柴油助燃消烟添加剂。     

Assessing continuous bivariate effects among different groups through nonparametric regression models: An application to breast cancer detection

In many applications, the joint effect of two continuous covariates on the target binary response may vary across groups defined by levels of a given factor. A testing procedure that would enable this type of surface-by-factor interactions to be detected has been designed. To accomplish this goal, a logistic generalized additive model (GAM) with bivariate continuous interactions varying across groups defined by levels of a factor is considered. A local scoring algorithm based on local linear kernel smoothers was implemented to estimate the proposed logistic GAM. Bootstrap resampling techniques were used for the purpose of testing for factor-by-surface interactions. Given the high computational cost involved, binning techniques were used to speed up computation in the estimation and testing processes. The adequacy of the bootstrap-based test was assessed by means of a simulation study. If a factor-by-surface interaction is detected in the model, it is then established that the use of the odds-ratio curves is very useful in obtaining a direct interpretation of the fitted model. The benefits of using this methodology when analyzing real data are illustrated by applying the technique to the outputs produced by a computerized system dedicated to the early detection of breast cancer.     

A family of lower- and higher-order transversal linearization techniques in non-linear stochastic engineering dynamics

Sample pathwise numerical integration of noise-driven engineering dynamical systems cannot generally be performed beyond a limited level of accuracy, especially when the noise processes are modelled using (filtered) white noises. Recently, a locally transversal linearization (LTL) strategy has been proposed by the author (Proc Roy Soc London A 2001; 457 :539–566) for direct integration of deterministic and stochastic non-linear dynamical systems. The present effort is focussed on a host of extensions along with detailed theoretical error analyses of the linearization approach, especially as applied to problems in non-linear stochastic engineering dynamics. Thus, to begin with, estimates of local and global error orders in the basic LTL scheme are obtained separately for the displacement and velocity vectors when the system is driven either by a set of additive noises or by an arbitrary combination of (independently evolving) additive and multiplicative noises. Following this, a new family of higher-order LTL schemes is proposed in order to improve upon the basic LTL method and the associated error orders are established. A stepwise implementation of the lower- and higher-order versions of the LTL method, along with certain computational aspects, is also outlined. The proposed schemes are numerically illustrated, to a limited extent, for a single degree-of-freedom (SDOF) and a two degree-of-freedom (TDOF) non-linear engineering systems under additive and/or multiplicative white noise excitations. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.