MnO_(x/γ)-Al_2O_3催化加氢合成3,5-二甲氧基苯甲醛

α将3,5-二羟基苯甲酸与硫酸二甲酯在碱性条件下反应生成3,5-二甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯,然后在高压下以MnOx/y-Al2O3为催化剂催化加氢得到3,5-二甲氧基苯甲醛。总收率81.7％。催化剂采用共沉淀法制备,Mn载量wMn=15.3％。     

Flow influenced electrochemical corrosion of nickel aluminium bronze – Part I. Cathodic polarisation

The cathodic polarisation behaviour of CA 104 nickel aluminium bronze (NAB) has been examined in fully characterised seawaters (filtered and artificial) using the rotating disc electrode (RDE) and the rotating cylinder electrode (RCE). Linear sweep voltammetry and a potential step, current transient technique were used to examine the charge transfer and mass transfer controlled cathodic response as a function of both laminar and turbulent fluid flow. For freshly polished surfaces, the rate of irreversible charge transfer controlled oxygen reduction is controlled by the exchange of a single electron and hydrogen evolution is only significant at potentials more negative than approximately –1.0 V vs. the saturated calomel electrode (SCE).     

氮化铝纳米粉末的氧化特性研究

采用直流电弧等离子体蒸发－凝聚法制备了高纯氮化铝（ＡＩＮ）纳米粉末。粉末的平均晶粒度为５０ｎｍ，纯度大于９８％。借助Ｘ射线光电子能谱、化学分析和差热失重等测试手段，探索了ＡＩＮ纳米粉末的表面化学组成和氧化特性。研究结果表明，ＡＩＮ纳米粉末易吸湿氧化，大大降低了其纯度。ＡＩＮ纳米粉末表面的氧是以两种状态即物理吸附态和化合态存在。     

Effects of silicone oil and polymeric modifiers on the mechanical properties of highly filled LLDPE

The effects of coupling agents, silicone oil, and three types of polymeric modifiers on the mechanical properties of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) composites highly filled with aluminium hydroxide [Al(OH)₃] were studied. Polymeric modifiers that contain polar groups, such as silane‐grafted polyethylene (Si‐g‐PE) and acrylic‐acid‐grafted ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer (AA‐g‐EVA), improve the mechanical properties dramatically, while nonpolar modifiers improve them to some extent. When Al(OH)₃ was treated using a titanate coupling agent, the silicone oil increased the impact strength and elongation at break of the LLDPE/Al(OH)₃ composites. Introduction of a polymeric modifier containing polar groups destroys the beneficial effects of silicone oil on film mechanical properties, while the introduction of a nonpolar elastomeric polymeric modifier retains the high impact strength and elongation at break. SEM analyses provide the indirect evidence of the encapsulation of silicone oil around the filler. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 121–128, 2002     

The Effect of Temperature on the Strength of Adhesively-Bonded Composite-Aluminium Joints

Different materials have different coefficients of thermal expansion, which is a measure of the change in length for a given change in temperature. When different materials are combined structurally, as in a bonded joint, a temperature change leads to stresses being set up. These stresses are present even in an unloaded joint which has been cured at say 150°C and cooled to room temperature. Further stresses result from operations at even lower temperatures.

In addition to temperature-induced stresses, account also has to be taken of changes in adhesive properties. Low temperatures cause the adhesive to become more brittle (reduced strain to failure), while high temperatures cause the adhesive to become more ductile, but make it less strong and more liable to creep.

Theoretical predictions are made of the strength of a series of aluminium/CFRP joints using three different adhesives at 20°C and 55°C. Various failure criteria are used to show good correlation with experimental results.     

拉伸变形对AA6016铝合金汽车外板再结晶组织及性能的影响

为优化冲压成形工艺,研究了不同拉伸形变量对T4P态AA6016冷轧薄板再结晶、析出行为、烘烤硬化性及断裂方式的影响规律.采用与气垫炉生产线类似的新型热处理设备,对合金进行固溶处理,预时效后室温停放,获得T4P态合金.以单向拉伸模拟板材局部冲压成形过程,采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜,对合金再结晶组织、拉伸断口以及位错进行观察,并结合DSC测定和拉伸性能测定,对合金析出行为及力学性能表征.结果表明:随拉伸形变量增加,局部晶粒有被拉长的趋势;形变可抑制GP区溶解,并促进强化相析出;烘烤硬化性随形变增加而减弱;形变较小时,烘烤前后断裂方式均为塑性断裂,而形变较大时,烘烤前合金更加趋向于解理断裂,烘烤后解理断裂趋势减弱.     

Modified Layer-Removal Method for Measurement of Residual Stress in Pre-stretched Aluminium Alloy Plate

Residual stress is one of the factors affecting the machining deformation of monolithic structure parts in the aviation industry. Thus,the studies on machining deformation rules induced by residual stresses largely depend on correctly and efficiently measuring the residual stresses of workpieces. A modified layer-removal method is proposed to measure residual stress by analysing the characteristics of a traditional layer-removal method. The coefficients of strain release are then deduced according to the simulation results using the finite element method( FEM). Moreover,the residual stress in a 7075T651 aluminium alloy plate is measured using the proposed method,and the results are then analyzed and compared with the data obtained by the traditional methods. The analysis indicates that the modified layer-removal method is effective and practical for measuring the residual stress distribution in pre-stretched aluminium alloy plates.     

硼铁合金中硼、硅、铝含量分析方法的研究

通过对硼铁合金中硼、硅和铝含量分析方法的研究,开展了试样溶解(熔融)条件的选择、仪器工作条件的确定、校准曲线的选择和干扰元素的消除等条件实验;进行了对照实验、准确度和精密度等实验,本法采用碱熔融分解试样,选用铁基体加入标准溶液为校准曲线,在不需要加入内标元素的条件下,可以直接应用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱分析技术测定硼铁合金中硼、硅和铝的含量;本法试剂加入少,操作简便,可实用于生产检验,相对标准偏差为0.5%~5.0%。     

Refinement mechanism of in-situ Al4C3 particles on AZ91 magnesium alloys

The effects of SrCO3 on the microstructure of AZ91 magnesium alloy were investigated by OM, SEM, EDS, XRD and DTA analyses. The results show that AZ91 magnesium alloy with 1.0% SrCO3 addition has the best refining effect at 730 ℃ for 20 min, the average size of the α-Mg grain in AZ91 matrix alloy is reduced from about 91 μm to 58 μm, with reduction of about 36%. Based on the analysis results of EDS, binding energy, and Gibbs free energy, it is evident that the grain is refined because of the generation of A14 C3 particles which can be used as the crystal nucleus of the magnesium alloy when SrCO 3 is added. Owing to the generation of A14C3 in AZ91 magnesium alloy, the grain boundary is pined and the grain growth is inhibited. In the accession to the Al4C3, small subcooling temperature difference leads to the formation of fine grain microstructure in alloy melt. Fine grain microstructure in AZ91 alloy melt with the addition of SrCO3 can be obtained on the condition of lower undercooling temperature according to the DTA analysis results.     

铝胺双重封堵钻井液在成3井二开长裸眼井段的应用

成3井是为探索侏罗系油藏而在准噶尔盆地中央坳陷部署的一口预探井,完钻井深4 821 m。二开裸眼段长3 200 m,井壁稳定难度大;西山窑组至八道湾组煤层发育,井壁失稳严重。通过使用铝胺抑制防塌钻井液,施工中采用合理密度支撑–多元协同抑制–双重封堵防塌措施,辅助相应的维护处理工艺,解决了长裸眼段和煤层段的井壁失稳难题,而且机械钻速得到显著提高。全井机械钻速7.68 m/h,创造该区块钻速新纪录。