分散剂对低阶煤制备高浓度气化水煤浆的影响

甘肃华亭煤为低阶煤,内水含量高,制浆浓度较低,在气化过程中比煤耗、比氧耗增加,影响煤气化企业的经济效益。文章选择NF水煤浆分散剂(NF)、渭化水煤浆添加剂(WH)、木质素磺酸钠(SL)、日本JM添加剂(JM)等4种水煤浆分散剂,利用红外光谱对4种水煤浆分散剂的有机结构进行表征,考察分散剂对华亭煤的制浆性能的影响。不同水煤浆分散剂对华亭煤具有选择性,WH对华亭煤的制浆效果最好,通过改变分散剂及添加量为0.4%时,华亭煤制浆浓度从61%提高到65%。     

煤对CWM分散剂吸附性能的研究

本文选择三种具有代表性ＣＷＭ分散剂，借助ＦＴ－ＩＲ和ＸＰＳ等现代实验手段对分散剂在煤表面的吸附性能进行了分析，揭示了ＣＷＭ分散剂吸附特征，为从组成和结构上选取优良分散剂提供实验依据。     

Dispersion and densification of nano Si–(Al)–C powder with amorphous/nanocrystalline bimodal microstructure

The dispersion behavior and densification of nano Si–(Al)–C powder with amorphous/nanocrystalline bimodal microstructure were investigated. The Si–C powders synthesized by a mechanical alloying (MA) process had a near‐spherical shape with an average particle size of 170 nm. A solid loading of 62 vol% was achieved using polyethyleneimine (PEI) as a dispersant. The optimum dispersant amount was 1 wt% based on zeta potential, sedimentation, and viscosity analysis data. The high zeta potential value (73 mV) compared with that of the commercially available SiC (65 mV) was caused by modified surface properties and consequent promotion of the cationic dispersant adsorption. A Si–Al–C slurry containing 6.5 wt% of sintering additives with a solid loading of 60 vol% was also prepared. The relative density of the dried Si–Al–C slurry was 63.3% without additional compaction, which could be densified at 1650°C at a pressure of 20 MPa using a spark plasma sintering furnace.     

分散剂的合成及其在锂离子电池涂料中的应用

针对电池涂料涂布要求,由苯乙烯磺酸钠、甲氧基聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯等单体共聚合成了磷酸铁锂锂离子电池涂料分散剂。通过正交试验法对配料比进行优化,最佳配比(以丙烯酸为基准计算)为:丙烯酸100%、马来酸酐10%、丙烯酸丁酯6%、苯乙烯磺酸钠10%、甲氧基聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯60%。在最优配料比条件下合成该分散剂,进一步探讨了分散剂用量对涂料流变性影响,结果表明:固含量为77.1%,分散剂用量为活性物质磷酸铁锂质量的0.3%时,涂料初始黏度为1 332 m Pa·s,静置90 min后黏度为1 656 m Pa·s,符合电池涂布工艺要求。     

Water‐based non‐ionic polymeric surfactants as oil spill dispersants

In this paper, polyisobutylene succinic anhydride adduct (PIB‐SA) was modified by esterification with polyethylene glycol (PEG 600, 1000 and 2000) to obtain mono‐ and diterminal polyoxyalkynated PIB‐SA. The monoterminal products were reacted with pentamethylene‐hexamine (PMHA). The structures were confirmed by FT–IR and ¹H NMR analysis. The surface properties, interfacial tension and the effectiveness in oil dispersion of the synthesized polymeric surfactants are reported. The maximum efficiency of oil spill dispersants was reached when the surfactant molecule had two moities (polyoxyalkylene and polyamine units). © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry     

湿法超细研磨中无机材料浆体的流变性研究

概述了无机材料超细粉体机械研磨制备中浆体的流变性能、流变性能的表征方法和流变学行为的经验方程模型.对影响超细粉浆体流变性能的参数(如固相含量、颗粒粒径和分布、形状、温度、pH值及分散剂)进行了讨论.对浆料流变学性能进行最优化以提高超细粉体的产量,降低能耗,提高产品细度.提出了今后的研究重点应放在湿法超细研磨过程中分散剂种类及用量对浆体流变学性能改变机理的研究,并建立可描述浆体流变性能与粉碎参数、分散剂用量、能耗和颗粒大小的数学关系.     

水溶性聚合物型颜料分散剂的研制

合成了用于水性体系的聚合物型颜料分散剂——苯乙烯和丙烯酸的共聚物,并采用红外和核磁对所合成的聚合物的结构进行了表征,确定为目标产物。研究了单体摩尔比、反应温度和链转移剂的用量对聚合物的分散性能的影响;确定了苯乙烯和丙烯酸的摩尔比为1．0～1．3、反应温度为90．0～110．0℃、链转移剂的用量为单体总质量的4．0％～6．0％。测试了不同相对分子质量的聚合物的特性粘度,当特性粘度等于15～16时,对颜料的分散性能较好。与日本的同类产品（Johnson Polymer ChemicalLtd．）J-68进行了对比,对颜料黄（C．I．P．Y．3）进行粒度分布的测试,平均粒径小于J-68,而重均比表面积则大于J-68,分散性能优于J-68。     

Synthesis of some additives from upgraded petroleum residues of lubricant oil refineries

Aromatic extract residues occur as by‐products in petroleum refineries, through the process of refining lubricant oil. These residues are considered as having low economic value, and their disposal may even cause problems for the refineries. The present work looks at upgrading these residues by using them to synthesise different petroleum additives, e.g., antioxidants, ashless dispersants, pour‐point depressants, and flow improvers for lubricating crankcase oils and for fuels. The antioxidants were synthesised by reacting mono‐aromatics with phosphorus pentasulphide (P₂S₅) in the presence of zinc oxide (ZnO). Ashless dispersant additives were synthesised by reacting alkylated mono‐aromatics (using chlorinated paraffin wax as an alkylating agent) with formaldehyde solution (37%) in the presence of polyisobutylene succinimide. Fuel pour‐point depressants and flow improvers can be synthesised by acylating di‐aromatics via a Friedel‐Crafts reaction. Comparative evaluation of the synthesised products with commercial additives showed them to have good comparative performance properties.