高岭土/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯核壳结构复合粒子对聚丙烯动态机械性能的影响

采用乳液聚合方法,以高岭土为核,甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)为壳制备了具有核壳结构的共聚物。将制得共聚物与聚丙烯共混,用动态机械分析仪测试其共混物的动态机械性能,得出共混体系中温度与内耗因子的关系,温度与储能模量的关系以及温度与损耗模量的关系,并对所得的参数进行对比分析。研究表明,该种核壳结构的共聚物粒子与聚丙烯有很好的相容性,可以提高聚丙烯材料的阻尼性能,且可降低聚丙烯材料的玻璃化温度从而改善聚丙烯的柔韧性。     

含偶氮苯基团甲基丙烯酸酯单体的合成与表征

分别以对甲氧基苯胺和对硝基苯胺为原料,经重氮偶合、取代反应以及酯化反应,合成2种含偶氮苯基团甲基丙烯酸酯单体——4-[4-（4-甲氧基苯基偶氮）苯氧基]丁基甲基丙烯酸酯和4-[4-（4-硝基苯基偶氮）苯氧基]丁基甲基丙烯酸酯.利用红外光谱（FT-IR）和核磁共振氢谱（^1H-NMR）,对所合成的单体及反应中间体进行结构表征,并探讨合成反应条件.通过UV-Vis吸收光谱研究其紫外特征,其结果表明,由于引入柔性的丁基,含偶氮苯基团甲基丙烯酸酯单体的紫外吸收峰均没有发生明显位移.     

Morphology and thermal properties of two polymethacrylates modified by a polymer liquid crystal

We have studied blends of a polymer liquid crystal (PLC) with poly(cyclohexylethyl methacrylate) (PCHEMA) or poly(cyclohexylpropyl methacrylate) (PCHPMA). The PLC is PET/0.6PHB where PET = poly(ethylene terephthalate), PHB = p-hydroxybenzoic acid and 0.6 is the mole fraction of the latter in the copolymer. The microstructure was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). PCHEMA + PLC (20 wt% of the latter, blend E) has a fine texture with LC islands evenly distributed in the matrix and good adhesion between the phases resulting from their partial miscibility. The PCHPMA + PLC (20 wt% of the latter, blend P) shows only limited compatibility. The SEM results are confirmed by values of the glass transition temperatures T_g determined via thermal mechanical analysis. The T_g value of the blend E is shifted towards the T_g of PLC; T_g of blend P is practically equal to that of PCHPMA. The linear isobaric expansivity α_L values for both blends are lower than the respective values for pure PCHPMA and PCHEMA. Thermal stabilities of the blends determined by thermogravimetry are also better than those of pure polymethacrylates. The temperature of 50% weight degradation for blend E is higher than that for pure PCHEMA by more than 60 K Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

甲基丙烯醛氧化酯化制甲基丙烯酸甲酯

制备了用于甲基丙烯醛(MAL)一步氧化酯化为甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)的新型催化剂;考察了反应温度、催化剂在反应体系中的质量分数对MAL转化率和产物选择性的影响;将离子液体[bmim]PF6用于该反应中,不仅提高了产物的选择性,还能有效防止产物的聚合。反应温度θ=50℃,催化剂在反应体系中质量分数为2 4%,pH=10 5,O2流量6mL/min,反应时间6h时,在反应体系中添加1mL离子液体[bmim]PF6,MAL的转化率为96 2%,MMA单体的选择性可达98 7%。     

SEM study of the morphologic change of high‐density polyethylene surface grafted with glycidyl methacrylate

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study of the morphologic change of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) surface grafted with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was reported. Radiation‐induced grafting of GMA onto HDPE was carried out in acetone and dichloromethane solution, respectively. The effects of irradiation dose, atmosphere, and swelling time on grafting were investigated. Generally, the extent of grafting increased with irradiation dose, but for the grafting carried out in acetone solution, the extent of grafting initially increased with irradiation dose and then remained almost constant. The extent of grafting was higher in acetone solution than in dichloromethane solution at the same irradiation dose. The extent of grafting in nitrogen was higher than that in air. The successful grafting of GMA onto HDPE was confirmed by weighing and FTIR analysis. SEM investigations showed that the morphologies of the PE samples grafted in acetone solution were quite different to those grafted in dichloromethane. The grafting of GMA carried out in acetone was mainly on HDPE surface and that carried out in dichloromethane was mainly in the bulk of HDPE. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Compatibility and thermal properties of poly(acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene) copolymer blends with poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile)

The mechanical and heat‐resistant properties of acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) binary and ternary blends were investigated. The relationship of compatibility and properties was discussed. The results show that poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and styrene–maleic anhydride (SMA) can improve the thermal properties of conventional ABS. The Izod impact property of ABS/PMMA blends increases significantly with the addition of PMMA, whereas that of ABS/SMA blends decreases significantly with the addition of SMA. Blends mixed with high‐viscosity PMMA are characterized by higher heat‐distortion temperature (HDT), and their heat resistance is similar to that of blends mixed with SMA. For high‐viscosity PMMA, from 10 to 20%, it is clear that blends appear at the brittle–ductile transition, which is related to the compatibility of the two phases. TEM micrographs show low‐content and high‐viscosity PMMA in large, abnormally shaped forms in the matrix. Compatibility between PMMA and ABS is dependent on both the amount and the viscosity of PMMA. When the amount of high‐viscosity PMMA varied from 10 to 20 wt %, the morphology of the ABS binary blends varied from poor to satisfactory compatibility. As the viscosity of PMMA decreases, the critical amount of PMMA needed for the compatibility of the two phases also decreases. SMA, as a compatibilizer, improved the interfacial adhesiveness of ABS and PMMA, which results in PMMA having good dispersion in the matrix. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 2652–2660, 2002     

氢化松香与甲基丙烯酸β-羟乙酯酯化物的制备

用一步法制备了氢化松香与甲基丙烯酸β-羟乙酯(HEMA)酯化物,结果表明,以对苯二酚为阻聚剂,氧化锌为催化剂,用量为氢化松香的1%,反应温度240℃,氢化松香与HEMA的摩尔比为1∶1.2,温度升至200℃时逐滴滴加HEMA,反应时间3h后酯化率可以达到92%以上。红外光谱表明成功制得了氢化松香与HEMA的酯化物,热重分析表明酯化物热稳定性得到了提高。     

原位聚合法制备高透光率韧性PMMA复合树脂的研究

采用原位聚合法制备PMMA/P(BA-St)/PMMA三层韧性有机玻璃复合树脂,分子设计方法的使用,保持了材料的透明性。考察了韧性粒子粒径、橡胶相组成以及橡胶含量对材料力学和光学性能的影响。借助透射电镜、扫描电镜和动态光散射方法对复合胶乳粒子以及所制材料的形态结构进行了表征。结果表明:橡胶相的折光指数对材料的透光率有明显影响,橡胶相玻璃化温度越低,越有利于增韧。     

The time dependent strain potential function for a polymeric glass

Torsion and normal force measurements were made during single step stress relaxation experiments on a polymeric glass (PMMA). Isochronal data were analysed using an approach adapted from that developed by Penn and Kearsley¹ (for incompressible elastic materials) to determine the derivatives $\text{?W}\text{?I}{}_1$, and $\text{?W}\text{?I}{}_2$ of the time dependent strain potential function. $\text{?W}\text{?I}{}_1$ and $\text{?W}\text{?I}{}_2$ are determined from existing solution to the torsion of an incompressible cylinder. A special solution to the torsion of a compressible cylinder is presented and it is shown that the values of $\text{?W}\text{?I}{}_1$ and $\text{?W}\text{?I}{}_2$ obtained using this solution to analyse the data do not differ greatly from those obtained using the incompressible solution. It is found from both solutions that $\text{?W}\text{?I}{}_1$ is negative and increases towards zero with increasing time and deformation while $\text{?W}\text{?I}{}_2$ is positive, greater in magnitude than $\text{?W}\text{?I}{}_1$ and decreases towards zero with increasing time and deformation. These results were unexpected and a full understanding of their meaning has yet to be reached.     

Comparing emulsion polymerization of methacrylate-monomers with different hydrophilicity

A comprehensive experimental study concerning the influence of various types of initiator-emulsifier systems on emulsion polymerization of methacrylate monomers (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA) and butyl methacrylate (BMA)) reveals interesting relations between initiator and surfactant hydrophilicity on the one hand and the hydrophilicity of the monomers on the other hand. For the water-soluble HEMA stable latexes are only obtained if hydrophobic initiators such as 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile or dibenzoyl peroxide in combination with alkyl sulfate surfactants with carbon chain lengths greater than 10 or surface active initiators of the 2,2′-azobis(N-2′-methylpropanoyl-2-amino-alkyl-1)-sulfonate type with alkyl chain lengths greater than 8 are employed. Stable nano size range poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) particles have been prepared also by batch emulsion polymerization using ionic surface active initiators (inisurfs). The results clearly show that the formation of stable latex particles requires a proper choice of the initiator-emulsifier system regarding its hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance. The PHEMA particles prepared with surface-active initiators keep their identity and spherical shape even in the dried state whereas in the case of the other initiator-emulsifier systems complete coagulation and coalescence occurs during drying.