多组分丙烯酸酯核／壳结构复合体系性能的研究

本文采用平衡溶胀法，合成出一系列丙烯酸酯核／壳复合体系，研究了核壳乳液的粒径大小，结构表征，并用动态力学分析仪研究其阻尼性能，讨论了乳液配比、交联剂用量等因素的影响。     

大鼠脑中缝核的免疫细胞化学特性研究

使用免疫细胞化学技术,对５－羟色胺能、一氧化氮能和胆囊收缩人素能神经细胞在中缝核各亚核的分布进行研究,发现５－羟色胺阳性神经细胞广泛分布于中缝核各部,尤以中缝背核和中缝上核较为密集,呈左右对称展翅状;一氧化氮阳性神经细胞存在于中缝上核和中缝背核,呈喷泉状,少数细胞一氧化氮和５－羟色胺双染阳性;胆囊收缩素阳性神经细胞分布于中背核的发扬侧部正中,对各类细胞的功能意义及联系进行了讨论。     

一种研究硼在合金中分布的有效方法

报道了一种检测硼在固体 (钢与其它合金 )中分布的有效方法 ,即硼的显微径迹照相技术 ,并用这种方法研究了硼在几种钢以及GH1 2 8合金TLP扩散连接区的分布 .     

Astaxanthin Exerts Anabolic Effects via Pleiotropic Modulation of the Excitable Tissue

Astaxanthin is a lipid-soluble carotenoid influencing lipid metabolism, body weight, and insulin sensitivity. We provide a systematic analysis of acute and chronic effects of astaxanthin on different organs. Changes by chronic astaxanthin feeding were analyzed on general metabolism, expression of regulatory proteins in the skeletal muscle, as well as changes of excitation and synaptic activity in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of mice. Acute responses were also tested on canine cardiac muscle and different neuronal populations of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus in mice. Dietary astaxanthin significantly increased food intake. It also increased protein levels affecting glucose metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis in skeletal muscle. Inhibitory inputs innervating neurons of the arcuate nucleus regulating metabolism and food intake were strengthened by both acute and chronic astaxanthin treatment. Astaxanthin moderately shortened cardiac action potentials, depressed their plateau potential, and reduced the maximal rate of depolarization. Based on its complex actions on metabolism and food intake, our data support the previous findings that astaxanthin is suitable for supplementing the diet of patients with disturbances in energy homeostasis.     

Pharmacologically Targeting the Fibroblast Growth Factor 14 Interaction Site on the Voltage-Gated Na+ Channel 1.6 Enables Isoform-Selective Modulation

Voltage-gated Na⁺ (Na_v) channels are the primary molecular determinant of the action potential. Among the nine isoforms of the Na_v channel α subunit that have been described (Na_v1.1-Na_v1.9), Na_v1.1, Na_v1.2, and Na_v1.6 are the primary isoforms expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). Crucially, these three CNS Na_v channel isoforms display differential expression across neuronal cell types and diverge with respect to their subcellular distributions. Considering these differences in terms of their localization, the CNS Na_v channel isoforms could represent promising targets for the development of targeted neuromodulators. However, current therapeutics that target Na_v channels lack selectivity, which results in deleterious side effects due to modulation of off-target Na_v channel isoforms. Among the structural components of the Na_v channel α subunit that could be pharmacologically targeted to achieve isoform selectivity, the C-terminal domains (CTD) of Na_v channels represent promising candidates on account of displaying appreciable amino acid sequence divergence that enables functionally unique protein–protein interactions (PPIs) with Na_v channel auxiliary proteins. In medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a critical brain region of the mesocorticolimbic circuit, the PPI between the CTD of the Na_v1.6 channel and its auxiliary protein fibroblast growth factor 14 (FGF14) is central to the generation of electrical outputs, underscoring its potential value as a site for targeted neuromodulation. Focusing on this PPI, we previously developed a peptidomimetic derived from residues of FGF14 that have an interaction site on the CTD of the Na_v1.6 channel. In this work, we show that whereas the compound displays dose-dependent effects on the activity of Na_v1.6 channels in heterologous cells, the compound does not affect Na_v1.1 or Na_v1.2 channels at comparable concentrations. In addition, we show that the compound correspondingly modulates the action potential discharge and the transient Na+ of MSNs of the NAc. Overall, these results demonstrate that pharmacologically targeting the FGF14 interaction site on the CTD of the Na_v1.6 channel is a strategy to achieve isoform-selective modulation, and, more broadly, that sites on the CTDs of Na_v channels interacted with by auxiliary proteins could represent candidates for the development of targeted therapeutics.     

微波活化焙烧辉钼矿生产低硫氧化钼

对比研究了微波功率、作用时间及物料质量对辉钼矿预活化焙烧后的脱硫效果的影响,并采用气-固多相反应的未反应收缩核模型研究了辉钼矿氧化焙烧的动力学。结果表明,辉钼矿的吸波性能良好,在微波功率0.64 k W、物料质量30 g、微波作用6 min的条件下,微波可比常规处理方式显著降低硫含量0.256%;辉钼矿氧化焙烧是强放热反应,温度越高,辉钼矿氧化速率越快;540~630℃时转化率明显增高,界面化学反应是控制性环节。微波对于辉钼矿在常规氧化焙烧之前的活化作用已得到试验验证,若应用于工业生产,可采用短时间活化焙烧预处理来辅助常规的氧化焙烧。     

下丘脑背内侧核对焦虑的调控机制研究

下丘脑背内侧核(Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus，DMH)是自主神经系统的重要组成部分，同时与调控焦虑情绪的边缘系统存在广泛联系。然而，DMH 调控焦虑等负性情绪的细胞机制目前尚不明确。该文应用光遗传技术特异性调控小鼠的谷氨酸能神经元和 γ-氨基丁酸能神经元发现，兴奋 DMH 的谷氨酸能和 γ-氨基丁酸能神经元均能显著诱发焦虑样行为和心率上升，抑制两种神经元均能抑制焦虑样行为并降低心率。该研究证实了 DMH 特定类型的神经细胞对焦虑的双向调控作用，并有望为神经精神疾病的临床干预提供新的调控靶点。