埋地管道不开挖地面腐蚀检测技术在胜利油田纯梁采油厂的应用

综合利用管道探测、防腐保温层破损点定位、防腐保温层性能检测评价、管道阳极倾向点识别和管壁剩余厚度检测评价等技术对胜利油田纯梁采油厂的纯梁首站—史南站19.92km输油管道进行了不开挖腐蚀检测。通过检测评价,对被检管道的走向与埋深进行了精确定位,并确定了需更换、维修及重点监控与维护的具体部位,为被检管道的更换、维修及维护提供了科学依据,对保障管道安全运行具有重要意义。     

Effects of shear flow on long-ranged correlations,spinodal demixing kinetics,and the location of the critical point and cloud point

A derivation of an expression for the shear rate-dependent Ornstein Zernike structure factor is discussed, together with the resulting anomalous behavior of the turbidity. The predicted scaling behavior of the turbidity, comprising the effect of both temperature and shear rate, is in good agreement with experiments on binary fluids. Then initial spinodal decomposition is discussed, and an explicit expression for the time- and shear rate-dependent effective diffusion coefficient is derived, which shows all the typical characteristics of anisotropic light scattering patterns that are observed experimentally for binary fluids. Next it is shown that the spinodal is shifted linearly with the (bare) Peclet number for not too large Peclet numbers, whereas the cloud point is singularly displaced into the unstable region due to a shear now. This is in agreement with an experiment on a two-polymer/solvent mixture and binary fluid mixtures. It is argued that light scattering is useless to determine the location of the spinodal of a sheared system.Paper presented at the Twelfth Symposium on Thermophysical Properties, June 19–24, 1994, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A.     

催化裂化再生系统设备应力腐蚀开裂成因分析及解决对策

通过对催化裂化装置再生系统设备裂纹断口分析 ,以及对再生烟气的组分、冷凝水酸度及露点等的分析及对设备焊接残余应力测试 ,阐明了设备应力腐蚀开裂发生的原因 ,指出了富氧操作、高露点温度和高应力水平对再生系统设备应力腐蚀的影响作用 ,并重点提出了解决和防止应力腐蚀开裂的一系列有效措施和部分应用情况     

合理选用过剩空气系数的重要性分析

通过分析过剩空气系数过大或过小时加热炉多方面的影响,强调了合理选用过剩空气系数的重要性,并提出了控制措施。     

Mesh‐independent p‐orthotropic enrichment using the generalized finite element method

This paper is aimed at presenting a simple yet effective procedure to implement a mesh‐independent p‐orthotropic enrichment in the generalized finite element method. The procedure is based on the observation that shape functions used in the GFEM can be constructed from polynomials defined in any co‐ordinate system regardless of the underlying mesh or type of element used. Numerical examples where the solution possesses boundary or internal layers are solved on coarse tetrahedral meshes with isotropic and the proposed p‐orthotropic enrichment. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A study of suppression of vapor explosions by adding inversely soluble polymers

The mechanism of the suppression of vapor explosions by adding inversely soluble polymers in water is studied. Vapor explosion experiments and quench experiment are conducted using a silver test piece. Polymetric solution (polyethylene oxide), of concentrations from 0 to 500 wppm, whose normalized viscosity (by water) varies from 1.00 to 2.00, is used. No vapor explosion is observed in the aqueous polymer solution at a concentration higher than 200 wppm. Quench experiments using the silver test piece submerged in the polymer solution and water are performed in order to examine the stability of film boiling. The suppression of the vapor film collapse is attributed to the precipitation of polyethylene as a gel around the vapor film. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 31(4): 297–306, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/htj.10037     

烷基化原料预加氢工艺应用分析

由于来自催化裂化装置的烷基化原料中所含有的丁二烯在烷基化反应中可生成重质油,使产品干点上升,辛烷值下降,并使酸耗增加.针对这种状况,齐鲁石化公司研究院和胜利炼油厂联合开发了QSH-01烷基化原料预加氢催化剂及其相应的工艺技术,来脱除原料中丁二烯.笔者对该工艺技术及其应用作了阐述,并对该技术的应用前景作出分析.     

熔纺氨纶厂房中公用工程的应用

介绍了熔纺氨纶厂房对公用工程的要求以及公用工程的工艺流程和设备选型。     

丙烯酸高碳醇酯的合成

介绍了降凝剂中间体丙烯酸高碳醇酯的合成和产品分离提纯方法。考察了合成条件对酯化反应的影响，结果表明，在原料丙烯酸与十八醇摩尔比1．2：1，阻聚剂对苯二酚用量占原料总量1．5％，催化剂对甲苯磺酸用量占原料总量1．5％，反应温度80-86℃，回流反应时间6h条件下，酯化率最高达89％。产品分离提纯方法与传统分离方法比较，所需分离时间短，洗涤用水量少，而产品收率远高于传统分离方法，达95％以上。