金属铜离子配位交联丁腈橡胶的压缩Mullins效应

采用氯化亚铜（CuCl）、乙酸铜（C4H6CuO4）、硫酸铜（CuSO4）和氯化铜（CuCl2）对丁腈橡胶（NBR）进行配位交联制得硫化胶,考察了不同铜盐对硫化胶的硫化特性、力学性能、交联密度及压缩模式下Mullins效应的影响。结果表明,通过配位反应在NBR中形成了以铜盐为交联点的三维网络结构。相比于CuCl/NBR、C4H6CuO4/NBR、CuSO4/NBR而言,CuCl2/NBR硫化胶的交联密度最大。在单轴循环压缩过程中,不同铜离子配位交联NBR硫化胶均产生了明显的Mullins效应,且Mullins效应随硫化胶交联密度的增加而明显减弱。在相同应变下,硫化胶的最大压缩应力随加载-卸载次数的增加而下降,但瞬时残余应变则随应变和加载-卸载次数的增加而增大。     

有氧再生废轮胎橡胶粉的制备与表征

在管式炉中对废轮胎橡胶粉进行了有氧再生,并考察了气氛、再生温度和再生时间对废轮胎橡胶粉有氧再生过程的影响。结果表明,有氧条件下橡胶粉的质量损失和溶胶质量分数均随温度升高而增大,溶胶中合成胶分子链之间易发生二次重组再交联反应,天然橡胶分子链则主要发生断裂。240 ℃下橡胶粉在有氧条件下再生10 min时,溶胶质量分数达55.9%。橡胶主链和交联键断裂主要发生了氧化反应,生成含羰基和亚砜基的化合物,同时伴有水和二氧化碳等生成,说明橡胶粉中的橡胶分子链有效断链。     

动态硫化聚氨酯/硅橡胶热塑性弹性体研究进展

从原料选择、加工工艺和增容剂方面总结了动态硫化聚氨酯/硅橡胶热塑性弹性体的研究进展。     

不同种类硫化剂对氢化丁腈橡胶性能的影响

研究了硫化剂过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）、双叔丁基过氧化异丙基苯（BIPB）和2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(叔丁基过氧化)己烷（DHBP）对氢化丁腈橡胶性能的影响。结果表明,在分解出相同自由基数量的情况下,使用DCP胶料的门尼黏度增值最小,焦烧时间最短、硫化速率最快,硫化胶的拉伸强度最小,耐老化性能最好;使用DHBP胶料的焦烧时间最长、硫化速率最慢,硫化胶的硬度和定伸应力都更低,拉伸强度和扯断伸长率均为最高,压缩永久变形和耐油性能都是最差;使用BIPB橡胶的焦烧时间、硫化速率和拉伸强度均居于前二者中间,压缩永久变形最小,耐老化性能最差,门尼黏度增值与使用DHBP相当,其他物理机械性能和耐油性能与使用DCP相当。     

共改性煤粉增强丁苯橡胶的硫化、力学和热稳定性能研究

将硅烷偶联剂KH⁃560和硫化促进剂CZ共改性煤粉（Coal）作为增强填料加入到丁苯橡胶（SBR）中制备改性SBR/ Coal复合材料,通过设置不同的共改性Coal的添加量,寻找KH⁃560、CZ共改性Coal增强丁苯橡胶的最佳实验配比。结果表明,KH⁃560的最佳添加量为Coal质量的5 %,此时SBR/ Coal⁃KH560复合材料的力学性能最佳; KH⁃560和CZ改性Coal可以明显减少Coal团聚现象,在丁苯橡胶中均匀分散。当Coal⁃KH560⁃CZ添加量为40 %时,与纯SBR相比,拉伸强度由1.66 MPa升高至2.9 MPa,断裂伸长率由295 %升高至390 %,撕裂强度由7.1 N/mm增加至11.6 N/mm,复合材料的力学性能和热稳定性能得到改善,加工性能也得到较大提升。     

Improving the transient thermal response and ablation properties of epoxy-modified silicone rubber composites by adding fluxing agent

In this work, transient thermal response and ablation behavior of liquid silicone rubber composites containing fluxing/ceramic forming fillers were investigated under different heat flows using an oxyacetylene flame. The results indicated that the introduction of zinc borate (ZB) and aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) effectively reduced the temperature at various depths of the samples, and they improved the thermal insulation properties and lowered pyrolysis rates. The above finding was attributed to the heat absorption arising from water release and melt filling as well as the vitrified reaction of solid melt due to the decomposition of ZB. Besides, the melting and exfoliation of Al₂O₃ and the formation of aluminum silicate (Al₂SiO₅) caused heat absorption effect. Additionally, the mass ablation rates and line ablation rates increased with rising heat flows coupling with a decrease of compressive strength of the char layers. In a nutshell, the effect of adding ZB/Al₂O₃ on the thermal insulation behavior of epoxy-modified vinyl silicone rubber (EMVSR) composites under different heat flows was elucidtaed. This work served as a reference for the design and preparation of flexible ablative materials for thermal protection applications.     

Optimizing natural rubber blends for examination gloves: Vacuum radiation for mechanical strength and solvent barrier

Natural rubber (NR) is emblematic of sustainability compared to synthetic rubber. However, the tradition of adding sulfur as a vulcanization ingredient results in the release of toxic substances and the potential for health issues. In this study, a feasible strategy was proposed to replace sulfur and discover a safe bulk modification process for NR films. The results have shown that the NR particle size was disintegrated to below 10 nm by gamma irradiation. High tension strength up to 24.45 MPa was observed in the vulcanized NR blend film, which could be elongated up to 800% strain after exposure to an optimum dose of 14 kGy. In comparison to commercial NR latex and nitrile gloves, the vulcanized NR/ SIS films exhibited better chemical resistance ability against hexane, methanol, toluene, and acetone, as revealed by the permeation test. The appearance of amorphous regions and highly oriented NR crystallites was observed through transmission electron microscopy. Findings from this study propose the vacuum radiation strategy that can replace conventional vulcanization methods, resulting in NR films with high mechanical and barrier performance. Furthermore, the emission of toxic substances is reduced by this green process, making it practically useful for potential chemical-resistant examination glove applications.     

硫酸钡在全钢子午线轮胎下三角胶中的应用

研究硫酸钡在全钢子午线轮胎下三角胶中的应用。结果表明：与生产配方胶料相比,试验配方胶料的F_L减小,F_max增大,表明试验配方胶料的交联密度增大;试验配方胶料的t₁₀和t₉₀的变化不大,硫化返原略快;与生产配方硫化胶相比,试验配方硫化胶的密度明显增大、邵尔A型硬度略增大、定伸应力相当、拉伸强度略减小,60℃时的损耗因子略减小,导热性能提高。在全钢子午线轮胎下三角胶中使用硫酸钡部分替代炭黑,对胶料性能影响不大,生产成本降低。     

Lightweight and flame retardant fluorosilicone rubber composited foam prepared by supercritical nitrogen

Improving the flame retardancy and lightweight of fluorosilicone rubber (FSR) foam is important for its application in aerospace, rail transportation, petrochemical equipment, etc. In this work, ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and expandable graphite (EG) were used as synergistic flame retardants, and the lightweight FSR composite foam with flame retardancy was prepared by supercritical N₂ foaming. When there were 12.5 phr APP and 7.5 phr EG, the composite foam with density of 0.254 g/cm³ showed superiority in foaming performance and flame retardancy, and the limit oxygen index was 36.4%, the UL-94 grade reached V-0, the ignition time was 12 s and the fire performance index was 0.071 s·m²/kW. In addition, the aging, oil and solvent resistance of FSR foam was not affected. This work provided data support for the production and application of the flame retardant FSR foam.     

Development and molecular dynamics simulation of green natural rubber composites with modified sisal microcrystalline cellulose

In this study, green composites were prepared using natural rubber (NR) as the matrix and the sisal microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) as the filler. Three modifying agents oleic acid (OA), γ-aminopropyltriethoxylsilane (KH550), and bis-γ-(triethoxysilylpropyl)-tetrasulfide (Si69) were individually tested to modify the MCC to improve the interfacial compatibility of the NR and MCC. Combined with modern instrumental analysis technology and molecular dynamics simulation, the reinforcing effect and microscopic mechanism of modified MCC on NR were analyzed. The structure–activity relationship of NR and MCC composites was further revealed, and the interaction between the two components was clarified. At the same time, the reinforcing and compatibilizing effect of three kinds of modified MCC in NR matrix were also revealed. The results showed that the properties of NR/Mod-MCC composites were better than those of NR/MCC composites, where NR/OA-MCC presented the highest tensile strength, followed by NR/Si69-MCC. In addition, NR/Si69-MCC exhibited higher elongation at break and NR/KH550-MCC exhibited higher vulcanization characteristics. Molecular model systems were constructed through molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the interactions between the three modified cellulose molecules and the NR molecules. OA-cellulose has a better interaction with NR than KH550-cellulose and Si69-cellulose, The simulation results were consistent with the experimental results.