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21.
European intercomparison on electron spin resonance identification of irradiated foodstuffs 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J. RAFFI † M. H. STEVENSON M. KENT J. M. THIERY J.-J. BELLIARDO 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》1992,27(2):111-124
The results of a co-trial organized by the Community Bureau of Reference on the use of Electron Spin Resonance spectroscopy for the identification of irradiated food in 21 laboratories are presented. The trial was qualitative on beef and trout bones, sardine scales, pistachio nut shells, dried grapes, and papaya, and quantitative on poultry bones. There was no difficulty in identifying irradiated meat bones, dried grapes, and papaya. In the case of fish bones there is a need for further kinetic study on different species. Identification of irradiation in pistachio nuts is more complicated and additional research is needed before further trials. All laboratories were able to distinguish between chicken bones irradiated at 1 to 3 kGy or 7 to 10 kGy although there was a partial overlap between the results. 相似文献
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The degradation behaviour of Kodar [poly(1,4-cyclohexylene dimethyl-eneterephthalate)] was investigated in air using thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis and wide angle X-ray diffraction studies. The rates of crystallization and degradation were influenced by thermal exposure and polychromatic irradiation (Λ > 290 nm) for different time intervals. The crystallinity changes (Xc%) and activation energies (ΔE) for the systems have been determined. 相似文献
24.
In this work, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was activated with ultrasonic waves. The influences of ultrasonic treatment on the changes of supramolecular structures and morphology structure were studied by WAXS and SEM. The accessibility of the MCC was characterized by water retention value (WRV) and specific surficial area. The influence of ultrasonic treatment on the reactivity of MCC was investigated through the reaction of MCC being oxidized into 2,3‐diadehyde cellulose (DAC) by periodate sodium. The mechanism of the reactivity change of ultrasonically treated MCC was examined. The results showed that the degree of crystallinity of MCC decreased and the degree of polymerization showed little change after treatment with ultrasonic waves. The morphologial variation of the treated MCC was significant when compared with the untreated MCC, which contribute to the improvement of accessibility. The aldehyde content of DAC prepared from ultrasonically treated MCC was improved from 64.19 to 85.00%, indicating that the regioselective oxidation reactivity of MCC was significantly improved. The aldehyde content was found to first increase with time of ultrasonic treatment to a point, and then decrease as time progressed. In addition, the aldehyde content was found to increase with an increase in ultrasonic power. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
25.
Thermoforming (free blowing) of poly(ethylene terephthalate) preforms was successfully and quickly performed in a rotating system designed for dielectric hysteresis heating. Temperature profile modeling was carried out with the amorphous poly(ethylene terephthalate) permittivity at different temperatures. The Maxwell and heat equations were used to determine the best profile and power tuning. The determination of the theoretical boundary conditions was accomplished by the adjustment of the numerical transient external surface wall temperature with experimental infrared pyrometry results. In comparison with infrared, microwaves allowed high power density absorption inside the perform wall without a dramatic temperature gradient. Consequently, the heat blowing stage could be accelerated, and the process took at least 5 times less energy than infrared heating. Industrial applications involve the integration of the molding step and the design of the overall process. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
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通过密度、可见光光谱、红外吸收光谱、Co-60辐照损伤试验及荧光光谱的测试,研究了PbO-Bi2O3-B2O3-SiO2玻璃系的光学性能与结构.密度最高可达8.464g/cm3其紫外吸收达截止波长随Pb2+及Bi3+含量升高而红移.玻璃熔化温度低达850℃.在PbO-Bi2O3-B2O3系玻璃中加人SiO2可使玻璃结构更致密.室温下该系统玻璃在360nm有一个宽的激发峰,能产生418um及438um两个弱的发射峰.该系统玻璃的结构是由[SiO4]4-、[BO3]3-、[BO4]5-、[PbO4]6-及[BiO6]9-构成.其中部分Pb2+及Bi3+以网络外体进入玻璃. 相似文献
28.
Microwave irradiation processing (MIP) was considered as a potential method to synthesize perovskite-type oxides rapidly, cleanly and energy-efficiently. In this paper, La0.7Sr0.3MnO3+λ, a kind of promising catalyst for automobile exhaust purification, was successfully prepared by MIP in not more than 5 min. The sol–gel method was also used for comparison. All the samples were evaluated by catalytic activity tests in the simulated exhaust and characterized by XRD, BET, TEM and XRF analyses. The results showed that the integrated perovskite-type phase and uniform particle size were obtained in the microwave-treated samples. And those ones exhibited a better oxidation activity under slightly oxygen-rich condition than that by sol–gel method, which may be related to more A-site cation vacancies and larger bulk oxygen content generated in MIP. Possible formation mechanism of perovskites in MIP was also discussed. 相似文献
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40Cr钢试样经不同热处理后在空气中用CO2连续激光束进行辐照,以穆斯堡尔谱学研究试样在辐照后的组织结构变化。试验结果表明,调质预处理后再进行激光辐照的试样,不仅残作产奥氏体含量较低,而且其中碳的含量最低。 相似文献