֦����ʴ�ͱ����������������е�Ӧ��

 简述硫印、热酸蚀、电解腐蚀、冷酸蚀和枝晶腐蚀5种低倍检验方法,其中枝晶腐蚀低倍检验方法,能够清晰地显示连铸坯的凝固组织和缺陷,该方法是研究连铸坯缺陷,提高钢材质量的最佳选择方法。并通过不同检验方法对比图例来证明枝晶腐蚀低倍检验方法的优越性。     

超声振动对Al-17Si-xFe合金富铁相形貌的影响

用直接超声振动法处理了Al-17Si-xFe(x=2,3,4,5,质量分数)合金,利用光学显微镜、XRD及EDS等手段分析了传统铸造工艺和超声半固态成形合金的微观组织。结果表明,在无超声振动时,Fe含量为2%的铸态合金组织中的富Fe相以长针状β-Al5FeSi相为主,伴有少量板条状δ-Al4FeSi2相。随着Fe含量的增加,合金组织中长针状β-Al5FeSi相逐渐减少,针片状δ-Al4FeSi2相逐渐增多,Fe含量为5%时以粗大针片状δ-Al4FeSi2相为主。在液相线附近对上述不同Fe含量的合金熔体施加一定时间的超声振动后浇注到金属型,富Fe相均以块状和短条状δ-Al4FeSi2相为主,其晶粒平均等效直径在18～46μm之间,明显细化,此外还伴有少量针状β-Al5FeSi相。初步探讨了超声振动影响富Fe相形貌的作用机理。     

Effect of AgNO3 Concentration on Morphologies and Structures of Nanostructured Ag

Nanostructured Ag with different morphologies and structures was prepared by replacement reaction (Zn versus AgNO3). The influence of AgNO3 concentration on the growth speed, the morphology and the structure of the nanostructured Ag was investigated. Experimental results show that the growth speed, morphologies and structures of the nanostructured Ag strongly depend on AgNO3 concentration and reaction time. The growth speed is mainly dependent on the AgNO3 concentration; the higher the concentration, the faster the growth speed. When the AgNO3 concentration is 5 mmol/L, Ag fractal forms at the beginning stage, but the fractal transforms to dendrite consisting of nanoparticles and to monocrystal at last as the reaction proceeds. When the concentration is in the range of 20-100 mmol/L, the products are all Ag dendrites, but the dendrites consist of nanoparticles when the concentration is below 40 mmol/L while they are monocrystal when the concentration is above 60 mmol/L. Ag nanostructures with different morphologies and structures can be prepared by controlling AgNO3 concentration and reaction time.     

抽拉速率跃迁对定向凝固单晶高温合金DD3一次枝晶间距和微观偏析的影响

采用液态金属冷却高温度梯度定向凝固设备.研究了抽拉速率跃迁对单晶高温合金DD3一次枝晶间距和微观偏析的影响.结果表明,单晶高温合金枝晶一次间距表现出明显的历史相关性.当抽拉速率(或生长速率)分别从600和300μm/s跃迁到100μm/s和直接以100μm/s速率生长时,一次间距分别为56.5,86和111.5μm.而生长速率分别从50和100μm/s跃迁到300μm/s和直接以300μm/s速率生长获得的一次间距分别为109,93和70μm.一次间距值与Hunt-Lu模型预测的基本吻合,但实验结果证明其上限与下限的比值λ_1~(max)/λ_1~(min)>2,与Ma Sahm的预测结果一致.成分分析表明,相同稳态条件下枝晶的一次间距变小.偏析也有所降低.     

相场法模拟动力学各向异性对过冷熔体中晶体生长的影响

采用相场模型定量模拟了动力学各向异性作用下过冷熔体中的晶体生长过程.模拟结果表明,仅存在动力学各向异性时,各向异性系数大小对生长方式选择起着决定性作用.当各向异性较低时,固相以分形方式生长,在生长过程中不存在占优势的生长方向,同时也不存在稳态生长状态;而当各向异性系数大于0.02时,固相以枝晶方式沿〈110〉方向生长.进一步研究表明,枝晶生长稳定性系数随各向异性值的增加而增加,而与动力学系数取值无关.     

EFFECTS OF WITHDRAWAL RATE ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND STRESS RUPTURE PROPERTIES OF A Ni3Al–BASED SINGLE CRYSTAL SUPERALLOY IC6SX

采用螺旋选晶法制备Ni₃Al基单晶合金IC6SX试棒, 研究了不同拉晶速率对凝固组织和高温持久性能的影响. 结果表明, Ni₃Al基单晶合金IC6SX凝固组织为树枝状, 随着拉晶速率从1.5 mm/min增加到6 mm/min, 一次枝晶间距逐渐减小. 与普通镍基高温合金不同, 位于枝晶干处的次生γ'相尺寸比枝晶间处的大. 随着拉晶速率的增加, 枝晶干和枝晶间处的γ'相尺寸都逐渐减小, 由不规则形状逐渐立方化, 枝晶间处的初生γ'相的数量逐渐增多. 一次枝晶间距和γ'相尺寸对高温持久性能影响显著, 随着拉晶速率的增加, 组织细化, 铸态IC6SX单晶合金的高温持久寿命增加.     

3004铝合金铸锭均匀化处理工艺研究

试验研究了均匀化处理温度和保温时间对3004铝合金铸锭组织和性能的影响,确定出了3004铝合金合理的均匀化处理工艺.结果表明,3004铝合金的均匀化处理温度为600℃,保温时间为6 h～8 h.     

Influence of directional solidification variables on primary dendrite arm spacing of Ni-based superalloy DZ125

The primary dendrite morphology and spacing of DZ125 superalloy have been observed during directional solidification under high thermal gradient about 500 K/cm. The results reveal that the primary dendrite arm spacing decreases from 94 μm to 35.8 μm with the increase of directional solidification cooling rate from 2.525 K/s to 36.4 K/s. The regression equation of the primary dendrite arm spacings λ1 versus cooling rate is λ1=0.013(GV)-0.32. The predictions of Kurz/Fisher model and Hunt/Lu model accord reasonably well with the experimental data. The influence of directional solidification rate under variable thermal gradient on the primary dendrite arm spacing has also been investigated.     

基于数值模拟的镍基高温合金电渣重熔工艺优化

利用MeltFlow软件对镍基高温合金电渣重熔过程进行数值模拟计算,探究了电渣重熔过程中温度场、流场、熔池形貌及微观组织的分布特点,通过工业试验验证模拟的准确性,定量分析熔速对熔炼过程的影响规律,提出了一种改善铸锭凝固质量的工艺优化方法.结果 表明,渣池内的温度相对较高且分布均匀,熔池形貌近似"V"型.铸锭一次枝晶间距...     

Effect of solidification cooling rate on the fatigue life of A356.2-T6 cast aluminium alloy

The effect of the cooling rate during solidification on the fatigue life of a cast aluminium alloy (A356.2-T6) is examined. The fatigue lives were determined for specimens removed from ingots with a gradient in cooling rates along their heights. Low- and high-cycle fatigue tests were conducted under both axial loading and reciprocating-bending conditions at a stress (strain) ratio ( R ) of −1.0, 0.1 and 0.2. Results show that the fatigue life decreases by a factor of three in low-cycle fatigue ( R = −1.0) and by a factor of 100 in high-cycle fatigue ( R = 0.1) as solidification cooling rate decreases from ~10 to ~0.3 K s⁻¹ , as indicated by measurements of the secondary dendrite arm spacings in the ingots. Fatigue cracks initiated from porosity in the material solidified at slower cooling rates. When pore size is below a critical size of ~80 μm, as a result of increasing the cooling rate, the fatigue cracks initiated from near-surface eutectic-microconstituent. When present at or near the surface, large oxide inclusions initiated fatigue cracks.