Microstructures and Phase Transition Points of As-Cast Mg-Zn-Y System Alloys

As-east mierostruetures and their distribution of Mg-Zn-Y ternary alloy with high magnesium, low zinc and yttrium were examined using Nikon Epiphot optical microscopy （OM）, RigakuD/max-3C X- ray diffraetion （XRD）, and JEOL JSM-6700F scanning electron microscopy （SEM） equipped with an energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDS）. In the as-east mierostructures, Yttrium and zinc tend to segregate at grain boundaries,     

Verhalten von Magnesiumlegierungen für Anwendungen im Fahrzeugbau bei mechanisch‐elektrochemischer Komplexbeanspruchung: Einfluss passivierender Deckschichten und Mechanismen der lokalen Schädigung

Behavior of Magnesium‐Alloys for Automotive Applications under Mechanical and Environmental Loading: Influence of Passivating Films and Mechanisms of Local Breakdown To assure an efficient design of components under cyclic loading, all available data concerning fatigue have to be observed. Therefore the influences of manufacturing on the material condition, the mechanical loads and environmental effects have to be analysed. Magnesium‐alloys are of special interest for lightweight applications because of their excellent strength‐density ratio. The corrosion resistance of magnesium‐alloys depends on the same factors that are critical to other metals. The alloys have a good stability to atmospheric exposure and a good resistance to attack by alkali, chromic and hydrofluoric acids. However, because of the electrochemical activity of magnesium, the relative importance of some factors is greatly amplified. The nature and composition of passive films formed on magnesium‐alloys depend on the prevailing conditions, viz. alloy‐composition, passivation potential, pH, electrolyte composition and temperature. Passive films may be damaged by local breakdown. Because of this, magnesium‐alloys suffer a degradation of their properties when exposed to an aqueous environment. The main topic of the present investigations is the verification of mechanisms of the local breakdown of the protecting film. At least two mechanisms are possible for this localization: mechanical breakdown by slip steps and electrochemical breakdown (for e.g. by the effects of chloride ions). Corrosion and passivation of different high purity alloys have been studied in different solutions (neutral, alkaline with specific anions and cations) using electrochemical techniques. The diecasted alloys were tested as produced and machined. The results clarified that depending on alloy/material and surface condition/corrosion environment different mechanisms for electrochemical breakdown of the protecting films are possible. Hence fatigue life under environmental loading is influenced by surface and testing conditions.     

一种单相串联混合电力有源滤波器的研究

文中对串联混合电力滤波器抑制谐波的原理进行了分析。为了检测单项系统的谐波电流,提出一种基于虚拟三相法和瞬时无功理论的谐波检测方法,并且对串联滤波逆变器的直流侧电压的控制进行了讨论。仿真结果证明了其有效性。     

Oxidation of Hastelloy-XR Alloy for Corrosion-Resistant Glass-Coating

The oxidation behavior of Hastelloy-XR alloy was investigated to obtain the optimum surface condition for corrosion-resistant glass-coatings. The surface morphology of oxide scales changed significantly with variation of temperatureand oxygen partial pressure (po2 ). The oxidation kinetics was mainly parabolic independent of oxidation conditions.The oxide scales were consisted of inner Cr2O3 and outer spinel layers. The phase component of spinel layers wereMn1.5Cr1.5O4 and (Mn,Ni)(Cr,Fe)2O4 for the oxygen partial pressures po2<10 kPa and po2>10 kPa, respectively.The optimum oxidation condition to obtain an oxide scale for well-adhered glass-coating to the substrate was 1248 Kand po2 =0.01 kPa for the oxidation time of 43 ks.     

噻吩在镍基非晶态合金上的吸附和脱附

应用静态吸附、动态吸附、程序升温脱附和程序升温还原等实验方法，考察了噻吩在Ni基非晶态合金上的吸附和脱附行为。常温下，噻吩分子首先吸附在清洁的Ni表面，并立刻被活化，发生氢解反应，C-S键断裂，释放出烃类部分，S留在Ni原子上。噻吩可以在Ni基非晶态合金表面发生强度不同的化学吸附。弱化学吸附的噻吩可以脱附；强化学吸附的噻吩不会脱附，而在高温下发生氢解反应。     

对海水进行混凝除浊预处理研究

介绍采用聚合氯化铁（PFC）为絮凝剂，对海水进行混凝除浊预处理方法。考察了原海水pH、搅拌速度、反应时间及PFC用量对海水预处理效果的影响。结果表明，在原海水pH凋至9．0，搅拌速度控制在200min^-1，反应时间选择8—10min，PFC用量0．10μg／g的最佳条件下，能使处理后的海水浊度降至0．05mol／L，而联产的酸性废水中和剂浆料中Mg（OH）2含量在25％～45％，大肠菌群的去除率大于89．3％。     

不锈钢管道坡口加工的新方法

对于不锈钢管及合金钢管坡口的加工,采用以往的加工方法切割出来的坡口一般参差不平、比较粗糙,难于打磨平整。使用LGK空气等离子切割机和磁力管道切割机的组合加上一定的辅助手段,改善了不锈钢管及合金钢管的坡口加工效果,使加工出来的坡口像碳钢管一样平整,更加容易打磨组焊。文章介绍了这一新方法所用的设备、材料、切割原理以及操作过程。     

Improving narrow bandgap a-SiGe:H alloys grown by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition

We have improved the electronic properties of narrow-bandgap (Tauc gap below 1.5 eV) amorphous-silicon germanium alloys (a-SiGe:H) grown by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) by lowering the substrate temperature and deposition rate. Prior to this work, we were unable to grow a-SiGe:H alloys with bandgaps below 1.5 eV that had photo-to-dark conductivity ratios comparable with our plasma-enhanced CVD (PECVD) grown materials [B.P. Nelson et al., Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. 507 (1998) 447]. Decreasing the filament diameter from our standard configuration of 0.5 mm to 0.38 or 0.25 mm provides first big improvements in the photoresponse of these alloys. Lowering the substrate temperature from our previous optimal temperatures (T_sub starting at 435 °C) to at 250 °C provides additional photo-to-dark conductivity ratio increasing by two orders of magnitude for growth conditions containing 20–30% GeH₄ in the gas phase (relative to the total GeH₄+SiH₄ flow).     

Improving Short-Circuit Current Capacity, Resistance, and Breaking Load of OPGW Constructions by Modifying Aluminium Alloy With AlB2

This article presents a method that can be applied to molten AA-6101 alloy to improve electrical properties of the aluminium part of the optical ground wire (OPGW) used in overhead transmission lines to protect phase conductors from lightning strike and to transmit signals and data. AA-6101 alloy in casting of the log as 6 m length and 178 mm diameter for extrusion has been inoculated by AlB₂ to decrease detrimental effects of Cr, Ti, V, and Zr on the conductivity of the material. After inoculation, improved billets were extruded as 9.5 mm diameter feedstock. Required wires drawn from the feedstock according to the construction types of OPGW to be tested were exposed to aging at 175°C, 6 h (T-8). Upon completion of the back-twist and performing-type stranding process, resistance, and short-circuit current capacity and breaking load of the OPGW 88/44 constructions with other metal combinations have been examined and tested to show improvement. Results are summarized in tables and graphically.     

激光熔覆Ni基B4C合金涂层的组织与性能研究

利用5kW连续波CO2激光器对16Mn钢基材表面预置的含20 vol%B4CP的Ni基合金复合粉末进行激光熔覆得到Ni基B4C合金涂层(NiB4c),研究了NiB4c涂层的组织形貌与相组成,并用单纯的镍基合金涂层(Ni60)进行了显微硬度及滑动磨损性能的对比试验。结果表明,NiB4C涂层由涂层下部的胞状晶和涂层中上部的树状枝晶及其间的共晶组织所组成,其组成相为γ-Ni,γ-(Ni,Fe)固溶体和(Cr,Fe)7C3,CrB,Ni3B,Fe2B,Fe23(C,B)6等化合物,涂层中存在未熔的B4C颗粒。激光熔覆NiB4c涂层比Ni60涂层具有较高的硬度和耐磨性,并分析了NiB4C涂层的强化机理。