化工装置的节能减排设计

提出了化工装置节能减排设计的理念,并据此按区域设计、园区设计和企业设计的分类层次,简单阐释了在化工装置中的一些节能减排设计。     

基于直接积分法的放散塔地震分析

放散塔是炼钢厂重要组成部分,易受地震影响。其破坏将造成巨大经济损失,对放散塔进行抗震分析很有必要。利用Ansys通用有限元软件,通过beam188单元模拟结构杆件建立有限元模型,输入EL_CENTRO波作为输入地震加速度,分析放散塔的地震响应以及放散塔杆件应力分布,指出放散塔危险杆件的位置。     

大客车主减速器改造对节能减排的作用

针对汽车尾气排放对城市空气造成严重污染的现实情况,对在用公交大客车进行技术改造以达到节能减排效果的方法进行了研究和尝试。其重点是通过对大客车传动系统的关键部件进行改进,以最大限度发挥汽车发动机的动力性能,从而达到节能减排的目的。经过实践证明,该项技术改造投入少,见效快,节能减排效果明显,推广应用将对企业带来良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

基于能源消费的中国不同产业空间的碳足迹分析

Using energy consumption and land use data of each region of China in 2007, this paper established carbon emission and carbon footprint model based on energy consumption,and estimated the carbon emission amount of fossil energy and rural biomass energy of dif-ferent regions of China in 2007. Through matching the energy consumption items with indus-industrial-commercial space, transportation industrial space, fishery and water conservancy space, and other industrial space. Then the author analyzed the carbon emission intensity and carbon footprint of each industrial space. Finally, advices of decreasing industrial carbon footprint and optimizing industrial space pattern were put forward. The main conclusions are as following: (1) Total amount of carbon emission from energy consumption of China in 2007 was about 1.65 GtC, in which the proportion of carbon emission from fossil energy was 89%.(2) Carbon emission intensity of industrial space of China in 2007 was 1.98 t/hm<,2>, in which,dustrial space was 55.16 t/hm<,2> and 49.65 t/hm<,2> respectively, they were high-carbon-emission industrial spaces among others. (3) Carbon footprint caused by industrial activities of China in 2007 was 522.34x10<'>6 hm<,2>, which brought about ecological deficit of 28.69x10<'6> hm<,2>, which means that the productive lands were not sufficient to compensate for carbon footprint of industrial activities, and the compensating rate was 94.5%. As to the regional carbon footprint,several regions have ecological profit while others have not. In general, the present ecologi-cal deficit caused by industrial activities was small in 2007. (4) Per unit area carbon footprint trial-commercial space was the highest (17.5 hm<'2>/hm<'2>). The per unit area carbon footprint of different industrial spaces all presented a declining trend from east to west of China.     

焦化装煤烟气焚烧炉改造实践

装煤烟气通常采用消烟除尘车处理，而传统消烟除尘车存在烟尘燃烧不完全问题，导致除尘效果差。本文介绍一种新型的地面燃烧方式，即装煤烟气焚烧炉。通过实践应用，装煤废气焚烧炉完全能达到环保要求。若能在焦化行业推广，将能成为一种新型实用的装煤烟气地面燃烧方式。     

二氧化硫排放法规

自20世纪70年代二氧化硫被确定为严重的环境污染物以来,世界各国就开始逐步立法,以减少二氧化硫的排放。介绍了欧洲、美国、加拿大、中国、印度等二氧化硫排放法规的立法历程及现状,重点讨论了各国燃煤电厂的二氧化硫排放限值。     

Magnetism-current inverse image reconstruction of the nugget in aluminum alloy spot welding based on ART algorithm

In this work, the computer tomography (CT) theory and its reconstruction algorithm were used to deal with the magnetism-current inverse problem in the resistance spot welding (RSW). At first, the magnetic fields around the nugget were detected. Then, the current distribution of the nugget section was calculated by reconstruction algorithm. At last, we changed the current distribution data into a graph using Matlab. The inversed graph of the nugget-section current distribution in the inverted RSW can be achieved, and by this graph the details of the nugget can be observed directly, which can help evaluate the joint quality.     

高瓦斯矿井工作面局部瓦斯喷出分析及防治

叙述了山西阳泉固庄煤矿一起瓦斯局部喷出发生着火事故的情况,分析了瓦斯局部集聚及喷出的多种因素,提出了预防高瓦斯工作面瓦斯防喷治理的措施。     

Effect of blending cassava starch,rice, waxy rice and wheat flour on physico-chemical properties of flour mixtures and mechanical and sound emission properties of cassava crackers

A simplex-centroid design was used to investigate the physico-chemical properties of flour mixtures composed of cassava starch, rice flour, waxy rice flour and wheat flour on the one hand and linear expansion, texture and sound emission properties of crackers, made from theses mixtures on the other hand.     

Energy utilization and carbon dioxide emission in the fresh, paste, whole-peeled, diced, and juiced tomato production processes

Energy utilization and carbon dioxide emission during the production of fresh, peeled, diced, and juiced tomatoes are calculated. The energy utilization for production of raw and packaging materials, transportation, and waste management are also considered. The energy utilization to produce one-ton retail packaged fresh tomatoes is calculated to be 2412.8 MJ, whereas when the tomatoes are converted into paste, the energy utilization increases almost twofold; processing the same amount into the peeled or diced-tomatoes increases the energy utilization seven times. In case of juice production, the increase is five times. The carbon dioxide emission is determined by the source of energy used and is 189.4 kg/t of fresh tomatoes in the case of retail packaging, and did not change considerably when made into paste. The carbon dioxide emission increased twofold with peeled or diced-tomatoes, and increased threefold when juiced. Chemical fertilizers and transportation made the highest contribution to energy utilization and CO₂ emission. The difference in energy utilization is determined mainly by water to dry solids ratio of the food and increases with the water content of the final product. Environmentally conscious consumers may prefer eating fresh tomatoes or alternatively tomato paste, to minimize carbon dioxide emission.