关于“冲天炉熔制高铬磨球的探讨”一文的商榷

讨论了用冲天炉熔炼高铬铸铁的可能性。分析在明，冲天炉条件下铬铁合金熔化的热力学条件是不合适的，它将导致大量铬元素的烧损，增加铁液夹杂物数量。其次，高铬铸铁的熔体，有强烈的从焦大中渗碳的趋势，故含碳量难以控制。认为用冲天炉熔炼高铬铸铁是不合适的。     

盐酸酸洗废液制备α-纳米Fe2O3的工艺优化

以氧化铁皮作为除酸剂,与盐酸酸洗废液反应制得FeCl₂溶液,再采用空气-双氧水双重氧化和沉淀法从中制得α-Fe₂O₃纳米颗粒。分析了FeCl₂质量浓度、氨水质量浓度、超声时间和煅烧温度对产物的的粒径和纯度的影响。采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对产物的形貌和结构进行了表征。优化实验结果表明,FeCl₂质量浓度为16 g/L,氨水质量浓度为7.5 g/L,超声时间为50 min,煅烧温度为750℃时,制得了分散性虽然一般,但纯度较高的α-Fe₂O₃,其含量高达95.3%,平均晶粒尺寸约为38.2 nm。这为盐酸酸洗废液的资源化利用提供了实验基础。     

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Beneficial Effects of Exercise on Brain Function and Neurological Disorders

As life expectancy has increased, particularly in developed countries, due to medical advances and increased prosperity, age-related neurological diseases and mental health disorders have become more prevalent health issues, reducing the well-being and quality of life of sufferers and their families. In recent decades, due to reduced work-related levels of physical activity, and key research insights, prescribing adequate exercise has become an innovative strategy to prevent or delay the onset of these pathologies and has been demonstrated to have therapeutic benefits when used as a sole or combination treatment. Recent evidence suggests that the beneficial effects of exercise on the brain are related to several underlying mechanisms related to muscle–brain, liver–brain and gut–brain crosstalk. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the most relevant current knowledge of the impact of exercise on mood disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, and to highlight the established and potential underlying mechanisms involved in exercise–brain communication and their benefits for physiology and brain function.     

Ethylene and Nitric Oxide Involvement in the Regulation of Fe and P Deficiency Responses in Dicotyledonous Plants

Iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P) are two essential elements for plant growth. Both elements are abundant in soils but with poor availability for plants, which favor their acquisition by developing morphological and physiological responses in their roots. Although the regulation of the genes related to these responses is not totally known, ethylene (ET) and nitric oxide (NO) have been involved in the activation of both Fe-related and P-related genes. The common involvement of ET and NO suggests that they must act in conjunction with other specific signals, more closely related to each deficiency. Among the specific signals involved in the regulation of Fe- or P-related genes have been proposed Fe-peptides (or Fe ion itself) and microRNAs, like miR399 (P), moving through the phloem. These Fe- or P-related phloem signals could interact with ET/NO and confer specificity to the responses to each deficiency, avoiding the induction of the specific responses when ET/NO increase due to other nutrient deficiencies or stresses. Besides the specificity conferred by these signals, ET itself could confer specificity to the responses to Fe- or P-deficiency by acting through different signaling pathways in each case. Given the above considerations, there are preliminary results suggesting that ET could regulate different nutrient responses by acting both in conjunction with other signals and through different signaling pathways. Because of the close relationship among these two elements, a better knowledge of the physiological and molecular basis of their interaction is necessary to improve their nutrition and to avoid the problems associated with their misuse. As examples of this interaction, it is known that Fe chlorosis can be induced, under certain circumstances, by a P over- fertilization. On the other hand, Fe oxides can have a role in the immobilization of P in soils. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of the dynamic of known Fe- and P-related genes expression, selected ad hoc and involved in each of these deficiencies, would allow us to get a profound knowledge of the processes that regulate the responses to both deficiencies. The better knowledge of the regulation by ET of the responses to these deficiencies is necessary to properly understand the interactions between Fe and P. This will allow the obtention of more efficient varieties in the absorption of P and Fe, and the use of more rational management techniques for P and Fe fertilization. This will contribute to minimize the environmental impacts caused by the use of P and Fe fertilizers (Fe chelates) in agriculture and to adjust the costs for farmers, due to the high prices and/or scarcity of Fe and P fertilizers. This review aims to summarize the latest advances in the knowledge about Fe and P deficiency responses, analyzing the similarities and differences among them and considering the interactions among their main regulators, including some hormones (ethylene) and signaling substances (NO and GSNO) as well as other P- and Fe-related signals.     

On Iron Metabolism and Its Regulation

Iron is a critical metal for several vital biological processes. Most of the body’s iron is bound to hemoglobin in erythrocytes. Iron from senescent red blood cells is recycled by macrophages in the spleen, liver and bone marrow. Dietary iron is taken up by the divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) in enterocytes and transported to portal blood via ferroportin (FPN), where it is bound to transferrin and taken up by hepatocytes, macrophages and bone marrow cells via transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1). While most of the physiologically active iron is bound hemoglobin, the major storage of most iron occurs in the liver in a ferritin-bound fashion. In response to an increased iron load, hepatocytes secrete the peptide hormone hepcidin, which binds to and induces internalization and degradation of the iron transporter FPN, thus controlling the amount of iron released from the cells into the blood. This review summarizes the key mechanisms and players involved in cellular and systemic iron regulation.     

不同倍率下磷酸铁锂电池模组过充热失控特性研究

随着电化学储能技术在电力系统中的广泛应用,电化学储能技术的安全性越来越受到重视。文中以储能用磷酸铁锂电池模组(8.8 kW·h, 25.6 V,344 A·h)为研究对象,进行3次不同倍率(0.4C,0.5C,1C)的恒流过充试验,研究其在不同充电倍率条件下的过充热失控特性,并辅以starccm+软件进行热场仿真计算。结果表明,电池模组在额定充电倍率0.5C(172 A)和1C(344 A)下持续过充会发生起火,起火时间随着充电倍率增加而减少;充电倍率对磷酸铁锂电池模组过充行为特性影响较大,随着充电倍率的增加,热失控最高温度和峰值电压升高,过充测试时间随着充电倍率的升高而降低;不同充电倍率条件下,电池安全阀首次打开时的电压均为1.7倍额定电压,可以进一步研究以作为电池热失控预警参数。文中研究成果可为规模化储能用磷酸铁锂电池的安全性研究和电池管理系统(BMS)对过充故障的安全管理提供参考。     

Interplay between Coumarin Accumulation,Iron Deficiency and Plant Resistance to Dickeya spp.

Coumarins belong to a group of secondary metabolites well known for their high biological activities including antibacterial and antifungal properties. Recently, an important role of coumarins in plant resistance to pathogens and their release into the rhizosphere upon pathogen infection was discovered. It is also well documented that coumarins play a crucial role in the Arabidopsis thaliana growth under Fe-limited conditions. However, the mechanisms underlying interplay between plant resistance, accumulation of coumarins and Fe status, remain largely unknown. In this work, we investigated the effect of both mentioned factors on the disease severity using the model system of Arabidopsis/Dickeya spp. molecular interactions. We evaluated the disease symptoms in Arabidopsis plants, wild-type Col-0 and its mutants defective in coumarin accumulation, grown in hydroponic cultures with contrasting Fe regimes and in soil mixes. Under all tested conditions, Arabidopsis plants inoculated with Dickeya solani IFB0099 strain developed more severe disease symptoms compared to lines inoculated with Dickeya dadantii 3937. We also showed that the expression of genes encoding plant stress markers were strongly affected by D. solani IFB0099 infection. Interestingly, the response of plants to D. dadantii 3937 infection was genotype-dependent in Fe-deficient hydroponic solution.     

Preparation of Iron Filler-Based Photocomposites and Application in 3D Printing

The introduction of metallic fillers to polymers via the photopolymerization approach can endow the composite materials with some unique properties, but the relevant research is still scarce due to the issue of light penetration and inner filter effect. Herein, for the first time the fabrication of photocomposites based on fine iron powder (i.e., a typical kind of metallic filler) is reported in this work. The free radical polymerization of two different acrylate monomers, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate and trimethylolpropane triacrylate, is performed in the presence of iron filler under mild conditions (i.e., light emitting diode (LED)@405 nm irradiation at room temperature under air). And the real-time Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveals remarkable photopolymerization kinetics of acrylates with high final conversions and fast polymerization rates despite the increasing contents of iron filler in the composites. Interestingly, the 3D printing technique is applied to the iron filler-based composites to produce tridimensional patterns with excellent spatial resolution. This work not only paves the way for the investigation of photocomposites based on metallic fillers through photochemical methods, but also broadens the potential application prospects.     

铜冶炼炉渣回收选铁创效生产实践

金通公司采用炉渣缓冷、浮选回收铜,再磁选回收选铁工艺。经过生产组织及关键工艺控制指标优化,并加以技术攻关,在保障炉渣有效回收选铜各项指标后,产出了 50% 以上的铁精矿,熔炼渣与吹炼渣混合磁选铁精矿较原矿产率达到 35%,大幅度实现了尾矿减量化,更为公司增创了大额效益。