Finite element polycrystal model simulation of cold rolling textures in deformation processed two-phase Nb／Al metal-metal composites

The finite element polyerystal model (FEPM) was extended and applied to simulate the development of the cold rolling textures of matrix aluminum in deformation processed two-phase 10% and 20% Nb/Al(in volume fraction) metal-metal composites on the basis of slip deformation of individual grains. This simulation method can assure the continuity of stress and displacement at the boundary during heterogeneous deformation and take arbitrary boundary conditions into consideration. The starting hot-extruded textures, as initial input condition, were taken into account in the FEPM simulation. The simulation results show that the main texture components and their evolution after various cold rolling reductions in 10% and 20% Nb/Al metal-metal composites are well qualitatively in agreement with the experimental ones. The initially extruded textures are rather weak, so they have no much influence on the simulated final cold rolling textures of the matrix aluminum for Nb/Al composites.     

PRIMARY RECRYSTALLIZATION TEXTURES OF 70-30 BRASS ROLLED BY CROSS SHEAR ROLLING IN SINGLE DIRECTION

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一种预测织构板材制耳倾向的新方法

提出了一种根据板材晶体学织构预测深中制耳行为的新方法，预测了立方金属板中重要织构组分的制耳倾向类型及相对大小，结果优于传统的晶体学方法，可用于抑制深冲制耳的织构平衡设计。     

Bi-based superconductors fabricated in high magnetic fields

The microstructure and superconducting properties of Bi-2223 superconductor fabricated in high magnetic fields were investigated. The results shows that the Bi-2212 grains with their c-axis parallel to the magnetic field were formed after the partial-melting and solidification in 8 T magnetic field, and transformed into the Bi-2223 grains with c-axis alignment during the further sintering process at 840 ℃ without magnetic field. The conversion of Bi-2212 grains to Bi-2223 grains has the heredity in grain alignment. The mixed structures of the Bi-2223 and the Bi-2212 grains with their c-axis parallel to the magnetic field are formed in samples sintered at 850-855 ℃ in 10 T magnetic field. When sintered in 10 T below 845 ℃, a high proportion of Bi-2223 phase is obtained, however no preferred orientation is observed. The Bi-2223 grains with their c-axis parallel to the axial direction of the vertical tube furnace are formed not only on the surface, but also in the center of the sample sintered at 850 ℃ for 120 h in a 15 ℃/cm temperature gradient without magnetic field. Moreover, the samples sintered in the temperature gradient and in a 10 T magnetic field have a stronger c-axis alignment ofbi-2223 phase.     

Filtering Multi‐Layer Shadow Maps for Accurate Soft Shadows

In this paper, we introduce a novel technique for pre‐filtering multi‐layer shadow maps. The occluders in the scene are stored as variable‐length lists of fragments for each texel. We show how this representation can be filtered by progressively merging these lists. In contrast to previous pre‐filtering techniques, our method better captures the distribution of depth values, resulting in a much higher shadow quality for overlapping occluders and occluders with different depths. The pre‐filtered maps are generated and evaluated directly on the GPU, and provide efficient queries for shadow tests with arbitrary filter sizes. Accurate soft shadows are rendered in real‐time even for complex scenes and difficult setups. Our results demonstrate that our pre‐filtered maps are general and particularly scalable.     

彩色自然纹理分类识别的研究

为了建立描述彩色自然纹理的参数体系,选用木材纹理这种典型彩色自然纹理为研究对象,提取了木材图像颜色矩和高斯-马尔可夫特征参数,采用改进的模拟退火算法进行了特征优化筛选及特征级参数融合,得到纹理参数体系并进行分类识别实验,识别率为97.25％,明显高于融合前单参数体系.研究表明用该参数体系对彩色木材纹理进行分类识别是可行的,也可用于与其相近彩色自然纹理的分类识别.     

基于视频图像的火焰多特征检测

根据火灾发生时火焰的颜色、面积变化和火焰的纹理特征,提出一种基于视频图像的火焰多特征检测方法.着重介绍了对采集到的视频图像中的火焰进行颜色、面积变化的分析,并通过BP神经网络进行火焰纹理相似性的识别,以便得到更准确的火焰识别效果.     

基于LBP的眼睛开闭检测方法

在基于机器视觉的疲劳驾驶预警系统中通过驾驶人员眼睛的状态来判断其是否疲劳是最直接和有效的途径,对眼睛的开与闭这两个基本状态的检测是判断疲劳的一个关键技术.针对红外视频人脸图像序列,提出一种基于LBP纹理检测算子的快速准确人眼开闭检测方法.该方法首先精确提取眼睛区域,然后利用对光照具有鲁棒性的LBP纹理检测算子检测眼睛区域纹理并计算其二阶矩、熵和边际分布二阶矩作为特征向量,最后使用SVM对特征向量进行分类以达到开闭检测的目的.大量实验结果表明,该方法不仅具有较高的检测准度,而且能完全满足实时要求.     

基于非线性滤波和纹理传输的图像风格化

纹理传输通过将样本图像纹理信息传递给源图像实现风格化.但在处理纹理细节丰富的源图像和复杂样本图像时,现有技术的处理效果差,且不便于用户进行直观的交互操作.为此,提出一种基于非线性滤波的显式纹理传输方法.首先通过相对总变差和L0梯度最小化滤波器对源图像进行去纹理操作,然后通过相对总变差滤波器对样本图像进行纹理提取,最后通过亮度重映射和线性叠加实现纹理传输.实验结果表明,该方法能够在保持源图像结构和色调信息的同时进行纹理替换;与已有方法相比,交互过程更加直观且风格化效果更好.     

一种基于自适应混合模型的背景减除法

针对局部二进制相似度(LBSP)背景建模方法易受外界环境变化如动态背景、光照改变、相机抖动等干扰的问题,在融合像素纹理与亮度信息的基础上,建立一种自适应混合背景模型进行运动目标检测。首先,利用每个像素的多通道自适应局部二进制相似度(LBSP)信息和亮度信息建立混合背景模型。然后,根据当前像素与混合背景模型的比较结果对其进行分类,并采用随机更新机制更新背景模型。实验结果表明,本方法不仅在正常外界环境下取得了较好的检测结果,而且还可以有效地减少动态背景、光照变化等复杂外界环境条件造成的干扰,提高检测结果的准确性。