GO-TSC/聚酰亚胺混合基质膜的制备及气体分离性能研究

使用氨基硫脲（TSC）对氧化石墨烯（GO）进行改性,制备GO-TSC层状复合材料。随后,将该复合材料加入到Matrimid^®5218（PI）基质中,制备用于二氧化碳分离的混合基质膜（MMMs）。通过TGA、SEM及气体分离性能测试考察了GO-TSC对膜热稳定性、结构和气体分离性能等的影响。SEM结果显示GO-TSC可均匀分散在聚合物基质上并与基质紧密结合;TGA结果显示混合基质膜在250 ℃以上仍保持稳定。与纯PI膜相比,MMMs显著增强了二氧化碳的渗透性。GO-TSC中所含的氨基与二氧化碳具有良好的亲和力,增加的碱性位点可以有效地转运二氧化碳。GO-TSC的层状结构增加了气体的传输路径,不利于大动态直径气体（甲烷、氮气）的通过,从而提高了分离性能。GO-TSC负载量为0.75%（质量分数）时混合基质膜的分离性能最佳。相比较纯PI膜,混合基质膜的二氧化碳渗透系数和二氧化碳/甲烷、二氧化碳/氮气分离系数分别提高了42.16%、95.79%和83.72%。     

碳化硼材料的性能、制备与应用

B4C具有高熔点、高硬度、低密度等优良性能,并具有良好的中子吸收能力和抗化学侵蚀能力,因而广泛应用于耐火材料、工程陶瓷、核工业、宇航等领域。本文对B4C的结构、性能、粉末制备方法、B4C陶瓷的烧结技术以及应用等方面作了综述。     

复合助剂对低温常压烧结AIN性能的影响

研究了Y2O3,LiO2,CaO烧结助剂对AlN陶瓷常压烧结致密度和性能的影响。结果发现,同时添加Y2O3,LiO2,CaO作为助剂,在1600℃低温烧结就能获得具有高致密度、较小的晶粒尺寸(1μm~4μm)、较高的抗弯强度(331MPa)、断裂韧性(3.8MPa·m1/2)及导热率(118W·m-1·K-1)的AlN陶瓷。     

Characterization and wear behavior of modified silicon nitride

Silicon nitride-based materials are applied to many tribological components because of their superior thermal and mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the wear performance of modified silicon nitride which contained 3 wt.% La₂O₃ and 3 wt.% Y₂O₃. The relationships between microstructure and mechanical properties have been also addressed. Vickers microhardness and toughness were measured, the later being determined by means of the direct crack measurement method (DCM). Scanning electron microscopy technique (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was used for the morphological characterization of the samples as well as for the characterization of the wear scars. Wear properties were studied under a load of 10 N by using the ball-on-disk tribometer. AISI 52100 steel balls and balls of WC + 6% Co (6 mm diameter) were used as static counterparts, respectively. Steady state friction coefficients of 0.66 and 0.62 were measured for the tribological pairs WC + 6 % Co/Si₃N₄ and AISI 52100/Si₃N₄, respectively. The wear mechanism was determined in each case, and comparison between the wear performance of the traditional and modified silicon nitride is also presented.     

几种添加剂对模型石膏性能的影响

研究了N型减水剂、硅溶胶等添加剂对模型石膏凝结时间、强度、吸水率、溶蚀率等性能的影响,并确定了有关性能与添加量之间的关系,得出了最佳添加量。     

世界塑料添加剂现状和发展

介绍了国内外一些主要和新型塑料添加剂的现状及发展趋势。添加剂功能不仅可以改善聚合物的工艺性能、改善加工条件、提高加工效率,而且可以改进制品性能、提高制品的使用价值、延长制品的使用寿命。并指出塑料添加剂未来的发展趋势将是高效、专用母料、无毒、环境友好及多功能化。     

有减水作用的新型高效陶瓷助磨剂研制

利用曼尼奇反应原理 ,制备了多胺基磷酸钠陶瓷助磨剂 ,采用红外光谱、差热分析等对合成的助剂进行了表征 ;此外 ,通过对氧化铁以及石英滑石等原料的助磨应用测试表明 :合成的助剂是一种高效陶瓷助磨剂 ,同时还具有减水作用。     

烧结工艺对β-氮化硅陶瓷的影响

以β-Si3N4粉末为原料,以YAG（钇铝石榴石）为烧结助剂,通过气氛压力烧结（GPS）制备出致密的β-氮化硅陶瓷材料,形成大小均匀的柱状颗粒和小球状颗粒复合显微结构,研究了烧结助剂质量分数、烧结温度以及保温时间对β-氮化硅陶瓷致密化程度及力学性能的影响.     

Polylactide films formed by immersion precipitation: Effects of additives,nonsolvent, and temperature

The influence of nonsolvent, crystallinity of the polymer film, and addition of dodecane (a poor solvent for the polymer and for the nonsolvent) on the morphology of polylactides films has been investigated and was related to phase separation behavior. Both amorphous poly‐DL ‐lactide (PDLLA) and crystalline poly‐L ‐lactide (PLLA) were dissolved in dichloromethane, and subsequently films were made by immersion in nonsolvent baths. PDLLA gave dense films without any internal structure, since the structure was not solidified by crystallization or glassification. PLLA films show varying structure depending on the nonsolvent. With methanol, asymmetric morphologies were observed as a result from combined liquid‐liquid demixing and crystallization, while with water symmetric spherulitic structures were formed. As a next step, dodecane was added, which is not miscible with the nonsolvent, and we found it to have a strong influence on the morphology of the films. The PDLLA films with dodecane did not collapse: a closed cell structure was obtained. In PLLA films, dodecane speeds up phase separation and induces faster crystallization in the films, and the porosity, size of the pores, and interconnectivity increased. When the PLLA solutions were subjected to a heat pretreatment, crystallization could be postponed, which yielded a cellular structure around dodecane, which did not contain spherulites anymore. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 959–971, 2007     

羊胎盘营养液的制备及其在化妆品中的应用

以妊娠早期羊胎盘为原料,制备了一种新型的化妆品天然添加剂,它不仅含有丰富的氨基酸、多肽,而且含有多种促进、改善组织新陈代谢的酶类。用其配成的营养性膏霜,具有明显的护肤、润肤和营养皮肤的功能,可起到延缓皮肤衰老的作用。