浓乳液种子接枝法制备PS/PBA自相容高分子合金的微观相态结构

提出了浓乳液法制备聚苯乙烯(PS)/聚丙烯酸丁酯(PBA)自相容合金的方法,通过透射电镜对不同聚合反应温度下制备的自相容高分子合金的微观相态结构进行了研究.结果表明,浓乳液种子接枝法制备的PS/PBS自相容合金具有明显的海岛结构;PS基体与PBA粒子界面形成一过渡层,过渡层越厚,越有利于PS/PBA两相相容性的提高.     

金刚石表面镀钛及界面微结构的研究

本文研究了应用真空微蒸发镀方法实现了金刚石表面镀钛.X-射线衍射分析表明:镀钛层物相为TiC和Ti,反应形成的界面结构层次为:金刚石-TiC-Ti.TiC层一般厚度在几百到上千埃,镀Ti层总厚度大约150 nm-200 nm.根据金刚石、TiC和Ti的晶体结构特点,应用结构对应原则,创建了金刚石/TiC/Ti共格界面模型.金刚石和TiC之间的共格界面为:(111)金刚石∥(111)TiC,C原子的周期性对应关系为:6 ×0.252 nm≈5×0.304 nm,C原子错配率为0.526%;金刚石和TiC界面间的C原子形成垂直的键、偏斜的键和桥式三中心键.六方结构α-Ti的和面心立方的TiC之间的共格界面为:(1000)α-Ti∥(111)TiC,形成垂直键,Ti原子错配率为0.66%.     

孤岛油田河流相砂岩油藏储集层非均质性定量表征方法

胜利油区孤岛油田已注水开发30多年，馆陶组河流相砂岩储集层中的剩余油分布受储集层非均质性控制。为了定量表征储集层的非均质性，在储集层细分时间单元研究的基础上，综合利用钻井、取心、测井和地震资料，获得反映储集层非均质性的沉积微相、孔隙度、渗透率和有效厚度/总厚度比值参数与微构造参数，将这些参数归一化后，转化为综合反映储集层非均质性的非均质性综合指数，根据非均质性综合指数平面等值线图预测剩余油相对富集区。利用该方法能快速、直观地预测剩余油相对富集区的分布，为老油田开发调整和提高采收率提供依据。图3表2参9     

湛江海域结构性海洋土的工程特性及其微观机制

对琼州海峡湛江海域的一种海洋土的基本性质进行了系统的试验研究。该海洋土的物理性质较差，按土质分类属于淤泥，但其压缩变形特征与强度指标有别于一般性淤泥或淤泥质土，表观先期固结压力pc值为100～125kPa，无侧限抗压强度qu达50kPa左右，灵敏度大于12，抗剪强度也相对较高，具有一定的结构强度，是一种结构性软土。初步从矿物组成、物理化学性质、胶结特性与孔隙结构特征几方面分析了其特殊工程性质的微观机制，揭示了其影响爆炸挤淤施工的机理。     

粉土抗液化性能的微观分析

通过对不同粘粒含量和不同时间情况下的重塑粉土进行扫描电镜的实验分析,初步了解了其在不同粘粒含量下以及时效下的微观结构的变化规律,以及粉土的微观结构与其抗液化性能之间的关系。通过对粉土微观照片的分析,得出结论：含天然黏土颗粒的粉土,其微观结构特性在黏粒含量为Pc=9%附近发生变化。即黏粒含量Pc＝9％为粉土土性变化的－转折点。     

摩擦副表面微结构及其超声复合电加工技术研究

设计了圆形、正方形及菱形三种截面形状微结构;用微细电加工技术组合制作了微结构加工工具;构造、完善了超声复合微细电加工系统;进行了微结构超声复合电加工试验,并分析了其加工的工艺特性。进行了摩擦学特性试验,结果表明,具有规则形貌微结构的摩擦副表面摩擦因数及磨损量均减小,研究成果对提高重要摩擦副的使用性能与寿命具有理论意义和工程应用价值。      

激光熔覆制备颗粒增强Ni基复合涂层的组织结构

利用横流CO2激光器在45钢表面制备出原位自生TiB2陶瓷颗粒增强Ni基复合材料涂层。XRD分析表明,涂层中存在γ-(Ni,Fe)固溶体及TiB2为主的陶瓷相。利用SEM、EDS、EPMA对涂层微区组织结构进行研究。结果表明,涂层内枝晶组织细小均匀,枝晶内和枝晶间存在明显的组织和成分差异。热影响区是以混合马氏体为主的组织。涂层显微硬度比基体显著提高。     

膨胀石墨CuCl2-EGICs的微观结构TEM研究

采用透射电镜研究了以膨胀石墨为主体材料合成的ＣｕＣｌ２－ＥＧＩＣｓ微观结构,包括垂直和平行石墨碳原子层的层间结构,层面结构,根据Ｘ射线衍射参数计算获得２、３、４阶ＣｕＣｌ２－ＥＧＩＣｓ的层间距Ｉｃ值,与理论计算值近拟。     

Heat-induced Egg White Gels as Affected by pH

The functional properties of heat-induced egg white gels were investigated at five pH values. Textural characteristics were determined using the Instron Universal Machine. Hardness, elasticity, cohesiveness, chewiness, and fracturability were maximum at pH 11. Hunter L values were maximum at pH 5 and 7. Microstructure studied with electron microscopy was distinctly different at the five pH values. Alkaline gels showed a fine ordered network that might have contributed to excellent textural characteristics. Water-holding capacity (WHC) was high at alkaline pH, but decreased with addition of 2-mercaptoethanol, suggesting that disulfide bonds were important in egg white gels. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) improved WHC at pH 7 and 9. No significant correlation was observed between textural profiles and WHC.     

INFLUENCE OF CELL SIZE AND CELL WALL VOLUME FRACTION ON FAILURE PROPERTIES OF POTATO AND CARROT TISSUE

This article presents the influence of cell size and cell wall volume fraction on the failure parameters of potato tuber and carrot tissue. Confocal scanning laser microscope was used for obtaining images of the cell structure of the tissues. The mean cell face area and the cell wall volume fraction obtained from the images was compared with work to failure, failure stress, failure strain and secant modulus obtained in a compression test of potato and carrot tissue at two strain rates. Bigger cells and less amount of cell wall material weakened the tissue, which was visible as a linear decrease in the parameters: work to failure, failure stress and failure strain. There were differences between potato and carrot in the secant modulus. For carrot, the secant modulus changed with microstructural parameters, whereas for potato, the secant modulus did not depend on these values. The strain rate decreases all the failure properties for potato. For carrot, only the work to failure was affected by the strain rate.