Al-18%Si合金在梯度强磁场中凝固时初生硅的行为

研究了Al-18%Si合金在10 T梯度强磁场下加热至半固态和全熔态后的凝固过程,观察了初生硅的分布和形态,测定了其冷却曲线.结果表明:在磁场的磁感应强度和磁场梯度的乘积Bz·dBz/dz为正时,初生硅向上部聚集;而在Bz·dBz/dz为负时,初生硅向下部聚集;在强磁场下,加热至全熔态冷却下来的凝固组织中初晶硅的形态发生了明显的改变,由板片状转变为块状,初晶硅显著细化.对强磁场细化初晶硅的机制进行了探讨.     

利用高频磁场制备自生梯度复合材料的熔体温度选择

研究了通过在熔体凝固过程中的不同温度范围施加高频磁场制备自生梯度复合材料的工艺.对于Al/Mg2Si/Si自生梯度复合材料,近似计算及实验结果表明:Al Mg2Si二元共晶区(555～595C)是施加高频磁场的最佳温度范围,此时处于低粘性熔体中的增强颗粒容易被外加电磁阿基米德力分离.高频磁场施加温度过高或过低,均不易使增强颗粒产生梯度分布效果.     

Ti－24Al－11Nb腐蚀疲劳断口形貌的研究

Ｔｉ－２４Ａｌ－１１Ｎｂ腐蚀疲劳断口形貌的研究张跃，褚武扬，王燕斌，肖纪美（北京科技大学北京１０００８３）１引言对Ｔｉ－２４ＡＩ－１１Ｎｂ合金的断裂特征和断口形貌已进行了较多的研究［“］．在３００ｏＣ的氢气中该合金能发生氢致开裂，其断口形貌与过载断口...     

气液并流吸收过程中液相近界面浓度分布的全息干涉测量

1 INTRODUCTION Mass transfer across free interface of gas-liquid flow is of extensive importance and is encountered in most industrial applications. A close investigation of concentration distribution near the interface is helpful to understand mass transfer phenomena, to guide the development of transport theories, and to optimize the design of gas-liquid contact equipment. Laser holographic interference technique provides a precise and noncontact measurement method for measuring the tran…     

基于水文条件的内陆核电厂放射性液态流出物动态排放模拟研究

以某内陆核电厂址为例,选取90%频率环境来流作为设计基准,建立放射性液态流出物排放量与环境流量等比分配的动态排放模式,采用EFDC数学模型作为模拟手段,分析基准年逐月来流过程放射性液态流出物排放分配方式与环境水体中核素浓度变化的关系,模拟常态化实际来流过程中放射性液态流出物动态排放控制条件和水域浓度规律。应用于典型案例,提出瞬时排放量控制上限与环境流量等比例动态分配相结合的动态排放控制方式,并提出瞬时排放量上限的合理取值为3倍年均排放速率。结果表明,该动态排放控制方式可有效降低受纳水域高浓度出现时间,并实现最大峰值浓度合理控制,削弱放射性液态流出物排放对环境水体的影响。这对内陆核电厂排水管理具有重要指导意义。     

深共熔溶剂-水混合物同步提取红景天苷和酪醇的响应面优化及其分离回收

以深共熔溶剂-水混合物（LAEG40）作为提取溶剂，红景天苷提取率为主要指标，酪醇提取率为辅助指标，在前期单因素实验的基础上，利用响应面法考察了液料比、提取温度、提取时间三个主要因素对红景天中红景天苷和酪醇同步提取的影响。得到的最佳提取条件为: 液料比12.05:1(mL/g)，提取温度60 ℃，提取时间35 min。在此条件下LAEG40对红景天苷的提取率可达到19.3552?0.6604 mg/g，酪醇提取率可达到1.7211?0.0585 mg/g，远高于传统溶剂水、乙醇对红景天苷和酪醇的提取率。为实现LAEG40提取红景天苷和酪醇的回收，进行了大孔树脂吸附分离的研究。经过一系列优化，获得的最佳吸附分离条件为：选用SP-825树脂装柱，每10g树脂上样30 mL LAEG40提取液，洗脱剂选用80 %乙醇，洗脱体积40 mL，洗脱流速1 mL/min，在此条件下红景天苷和酪醇的回收率分别可达60.47 %和85.07 %。     

Chirality of 5,11-dimethylheptadecane,the major sex pheromone component of the hemlock looper,Lambdina fiscellaria (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)

Of the four possible stereoisomers of 5,11-dimethylheptadecane, the major sex pheromone component of the eastern hemlock looper (EHL),Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria Guen., and the western hemlock looper (WHL),Lambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa Hulst, (5R,11S)-5,11-dimethylheptadecane was the only stereoisomer eliciting electrophysiological responses by male EHL and WHL antennae. In field bioassays with EHL and WHL populations, traps baited with (5R,11S)-5, 11-dimethylheptadecane caught as many males as did traps baited with all four stereoisomers combined or a synthetic mixture of 5,11-dimethylheptadecanes. Catches in traps baited with the other three stereoisomers did not significantly differ from those in the unbaited control traps. We conclude that male antennae lack chemoreceptors for the other three stereoisomers of 5,11-dimethylheptadecane and hypothesize that only (5R,115)-5,11-dimethylheptadecane is produced by female EHLs and WHLs.     

Structure of Atomic and Molecular Adsorbates on Low-Miller-Index ZnO Surfaces Using X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

We review our X-ray absorption spectroscopy studies of adsorbate geometries on the O-terminated (000 ) and Zn-terminated (0001) basel faces, as well as the non-polar (10 0) prism face of ZnO. Studies employing near-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure (NEXAFS) and surface X-ray absorption fine-structure (SEXAFS) are included.     

Implicit Bayesian Inference Using Option Prices

Abstract. A Bayesian approach to option pricing is presented in which posterior inference about the underlying returns process is conducted implicitly via observed option prices. A range of models allowing for conditional leptokurtosis, skewness and time‐varying volatility in returns are considered, with posterior parameter distributions and model probabilities backed out from the option prices. Models are ranked according to several criteria, including out‐of‐sample predictive and hedging performance. The methodology accommodates heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation in the option pricing errors, as well as regime shifts across contract groups. The method is applied to intraday option price data on the S&P500 stock index for 1995. While the results provide support for models that accommodate leptokurtosis and skewness, no one model dominates when all criteria are considered.