超滤膜等离子体改性分离大豆蛋白的研究

分别用氧气和氩气等离子体对醋酸纤维素超滤膜进行表面改性,用大豆分离蛋白溶液进行超滤实验,结果表明等离子体处理后膜的接触角变小,亲水性能大大增强,超滤过程可以在保持截留率不变的情况下使膜的透水率增大2～3倍,同时膜的抗污染性能增强。研究发现在相同的等离子体反应条件下,氩气的处理效果优于氧气。     

常压等离子射流表面改性超高模量聚乙烯纤维

利用常压等离子射流(APPJ)方法对超高模量聚乙烯(UHMPE)纤维进行表面改性处理。研究了处理前后UHMPE纤维的力学性能、表面形貌、化学成分、表面粘结性能的变化。结果表明,常压等离子射流处理后,UHMPE纤维的强度未发生显著变化,纤维表面粗糙度增加,表面氧元素的含量增加,表面极性基团增加,纤维与环氧树脂之间的粘结性能得到显著的改善。     

介质阻挡放电等离子体对茜素红溶液的降解

利用介质阻挡放电等离子体法对染料茜素红溶液进行降解。考察了放电间距、输入电压及溶液pH值对茜素红降解效果的影响，并通过测定放电过程溶液中活性粒子O₃的浓度，探讨了促使茜素红降解的主要因素。结果表明，高压电极与液面间距为8 mm、输入电压为8 kV时，降解效果较好。其中弱碱性环境下（pH=8.4）降解效果最好，40 min后茜素红浓度降为0.26 mg·L^-1，在弱酸性环境（pH=5.8）中处理45 min后，茜素红浓度为1.61 mg·L^-1，而在中性环境（pH=7.0）中降解效果较差，处理45 min后茜素红残留浓度为5.70 mg·L^-1。溶液中的O₃是推动氧化反应进行的主要因素。     

Measurement of zeolite,silicate, and phosphate in laundry detergent products by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry

This paper reports the development of a method for simultaneously measuring zeolite, silicate, and phosphate in laundry detergent products by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. A sample is decomposed under alkaline oxidative conditions to decompose zeolite, silicate, phosphate, and organic substances. Then hydrochloric acid is added to the decomposed solution to dissolve aluminum hydroxide precipitate before analysis. This sample preparation procedure was investigated by using a total organic carbon analyzer and was confirmed to be applicable to simultaneous measurements of zeolite, silicate, and phosphate. Relative standard deviation for the analysis is less than 2.1%, recovery is more than 99.0%, and the calibration curve gives a correlation coefficient ofR=1.000. The detection limit of this method for aluminum and silicon is 0.1%, and for phosphorus, 0.2% by weight in the product. This method is applicable to various laundry detergent products that contain zeolite, silicate, or phosphate and is five times faster than the three wet chemical methods.     

Feeding rats with liposomes or fish oil differently affects their lipid metabolism

Two n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)‐rich diets differing in their chemical and physical forms were given to rats during 2 wk. Liposomes [phospholipids (PL) organized in bilayer structures] made from a natural marine lipid extract or a mixture of fats containing fish oil [similar fatty acids esterified in triacylglycerols (TAG)] were used. The influence of n‐3 PUFA dietary sources on plasma parameters, i.e. TAG, cholesterol and PL concentrations, was investigated. A similar hypotriglyceridemic effect of n‐3 PUFA from liposomes or fish oil was observed. In contrast, feeding rats with liposomes led to different PL and cholesterol patterns. In the plasma of rats fed liposomes, total cholesterol amounts were positively correlated with PL levels. Liposome and fish oil feedings caused a marked increase in the amounts of n‐3 PUFA, which occurred mainly at the expense of n‐6 PUFA. However, the enrichment in n‐3 PUFA in the different plasma lipid classes differed substantially when ingested in the form of fish oil or liposomes. These results were interpreted in terms of different lipid bioavailability and metabolic fate during the digestive steps and in the liver, with the dietary source.     

Surface modification and physical properties of various UHMWPE‐fiber‐reinforced modified epoxy composites

Two surface modification methods—plasma surface treatment and chemical agent treatment—were used to investigate their effects on the surface properties of ultrahigh‐molecular‐weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers. In the analyses, performed using electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, changes in weight, and scanning electron microscope observations, demonstrated that the two fiber‐surface‐modified composites formed between UHMWPE fiber and epoxy matrix exhibited improved interfacial adhesion and slight improvements in tensile strengths, but notable decreases in elongation, relative to those properties of the composites reinforced with the untreated UHMWPE fibers. In addition, three kinds of epoxy resins—neat DGEBA, polyurethane‐crosslinked DGEBA, and BHHBP‐DGEBA—were used as resin matrices to examine the tensile and elongation properties of their UHMWPE fiber‐reinforced composites. From stress/strain measurements and scanning electron microscope observations, the resin matrix improved the tensile strength apparently, but did not affect the elongation. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 655–665, 2007     

等离子体抛光对表面粗糙度的影响

为了得到超光滑表面且无表层损伤的光学元件,引入一种新型的超光滑表面加工技术——等离子体抛光.在新设计的等离子加工实验平台上进行了等离子体加工工艺实验,对氧气流量,放电功率大小,磁场大小几个参数对基片表面粗糙度的影响进行了实验研究,且优化了工艺参数.结果表明增加氧气流量,合理控制功率和磁场强度都会使等离子体抛光基片表面粗糙度减小.当氧气流量为50 sccm,功率为80 W,磁场强度为17 mT时,粗糙度达到最小值0.9 nm.     

微波等离子体的朗缪尔探针测量

随着微波等离子体的应用越来越广泛,其参数的测量研究也逐渐得到人们的重视.本文使用朗缪尔探针测量了微波等离子体的单探针I-V特性,并根据探针测量原理计算出等离子体空间电位、电子温度,电子密度和离子密度等参数.     

基于图像信息的彩色PDP动态子场编码优化方法

为改善累积发光驱动方法显示静态图像时的灰度级轮廓,提出了一种基于有效灰度级均匀分割采样的动态子场编码(DSC)算法。首先对输入图像中的孤立灰度区间进行灰度采样,然后对剩余灰度级均匀分割,选择各灰度区间概率密度较大的灰度级作为采样灰度级,相邻采样灰度级之差即为子场编码权值,从而使采样灰度级均匀分布在输入图像的有效灰度区间,并使采样灰度级和子场编码权值随图像变化。仿真和实验结果表明,该算法不仅能真实再现大面积的背景,而且使图像细节信息尽可能保留,显著减小了静态图像的轮廓。     

等离子点火系统在600MW超临界机组的运行分析

介绍了国电铜陵电厂的等离子点火系统,探讨了该系统的工作原理、燃烧机理、控制逻辑方式,以及在国电铜陵电厂的应用情况,分析了适合该电厂等离子点火的运行方式,并对取得的环保效益和经济效益作出评价．