Nanocrystalline Nd–Fe–B Anisotropic Magnets by Flash Spark Plasma Sintering

Flash spark plasma sintering (flash SPS) is an attractive method to obtain Nd–Fe–B magnets with anisotropic magnetic properties when starting from melt-spun powders. Compared to the benchmark processing route via hot pressing with subsequent die upsetting, flash SPS promises electroplasticity as an additional deformation mechanism and reduced tool wear, while maximizing magnetic properties by tailoring the microstructure—fully dense and high texture. A detailed parameter study is conducted to understand the influence of Flash SPS parameters on the densification and magnetic properties of commercial MQU-F powder. It is revealed that the presintering conditions and preheating temperature before applying the power pulse play a major role for tailoring grain size and texture in the case of hot deformation via Flash SPS. Detailed microstructure and magnetic domain evaluation disclose the texture enhancement with increasing flash SPS temperature at the expense of coercivity. The best compromise between remanence and coercivity (1.37 T and 1195 kA m⁻¹, respectively) is achieved through a combination of presintering at 500 °C for 120 s and preheating temperature of 600 °C, resulting in a magnet with energy product (BH)_max of 350 kJm⁻³. These findings show the potential of flash SPS to obtain fully dense anisotropic nanocrystalline magnets with high magnetic performance.     

野草入侵模糊算法的半主动空气悬架研究

为了抑制由路面不平引起的车辆振动,结合磁流变阻尼器和空气弹簧的变阻尼/刚度特性,设计了含内置永磁体式磁流变阻尼器的半主动空气悬架系统.基于电磁学原理,对内置永磁体式磁流变阻尼器的力学特性建模.建立了1/4车辆二自由度动力学模型,并利用野草入侵算法对常规模糊算法规则进行优化,开发了野草入侵-模糊混合控制策略对内置永磁体磁流变阻尼器的空气悬架进行半主动控制.为验证该控制策略在磁流变空气悬架的半主动控制效果,进行了C级路面随机输入及凸块脉冲输入仿真分析,仿真结果可知,野草入侵-模糊控制策略能有效地提高半主动悬架系统的综合性能.并且通过台架试验进一步表明,利用该控制策略能够使车身振动加速度及悬架动挠度分别减小25.87%、35.13%.     

Corrosion protection of Nd–Fe–B magnets by silanization

Nd–Fe–B type permanent magnets present excellent magnetic properties. However, they are highly sensitive to the attack of corrosive environment. The aim of the present work is to describe the improvement of corrosion resistance of such magnets by dodecyl trimethoxysilane (DTMS) treatment. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests showed that, after treated by either DTMS, phosphate or chromate precursor, the protectiveness of Nd–Fe–B alloys was apparently increased. Corrosion performance of magnet treated with silane only was slightly inferior to those of phosphatized or chromatized ones. However, significant improvement in corrosion protection was achieved after two-step treatments, i.e. by top-coating silane films on phosphate or chromate under-layer. The depth profiles of element concentrations on surfaces measured by secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) indicate a two-layer surface structure for two-step treated samples. Co-existing of silane and phosphate or chromate was detected in the top-layer, suggesting the interaction between the two components. This results in the formation of more stable structure of hybrid organ–inorganic coatings against the attack of corrosive species.     

Effective Thermal Conductivity of Moist Porous Sintered Nickel Material

The effective thermal conductivity of capillary structures is an important parameter in the thermal performance analysis of loop heat pipes (LHP). In this paper, the effective thermal conductivity of porous sintered nickel material filled with water, ethanediol, and glycerin were measured by means of the hot disk thermal constant analyzer. The measured data were compared with similar measured data and calculated values from models in the literature. The results indicate that the thermal conductivity of the porous material depends on the thermal conductivity of the fluid, the filled ratio, and the porosity of the material.Paper presented at the Seventh Asian Thermophysical Properties Conference, August 23–28, 2004, Hefei and Huangshan, Anhui, P. R. China     

超强磁破甲弹磁头装置的磁路设计

介绍了超强磁破甲弹磁头装置的工作原理.通过对磁头装置的磁路设计,提出了磁头装置的工作点应选在有用回复能最大的位置上,并给出磁力计算方法和公式.     

NdFeB废料中钴的回收研究

在NdFeB废料经硫酸溶解回收稀土后的高铁、低钴硫酸溶液中，采用添加铁屑、硫化钠、硫磺的硫化沉淀法回收钴，取得了较好的效果，钴的沉淀率大于99％，且沉淀物中钴含量可达8％（质量分数）。该法的最佳工艺条件是：Fe：Co=1．5，Na2S：Co=2，S：Co=0．5，t=70℃、pH=2，反应及沉淀时间为1h。     

烧结NdFeB磁体强度和韧性研究现状

烧结NdFeB永磁材料具有磁性能高、价格低、生产工艺简单等突出优点，因而自其开发以来，生产和应用取得了快速发展，并且其市场还将不断扩大。但是，这种材料强度和韧性差，机械加工困难，应用过程中容易开裂。因此，改善烧结NdFeB永磁材料的力学性能已成为一个迫切的需要。综述了该种材料的断裂机制及在改善材料强度和韧性等方面所做的研究工作，认为通过添加合金元素，韧化晶界，细化主相晶粒，是一种有效的方法。研究表明，材料的断裂方式主要为沿晶断裂，晶界上的薄片富Nd相是引起沿晶断裂的主要原因，通过微量添加合金元素能有效改善磁体力学特性。     

快淬NdFeB磁粉粒度分布的优化

研究了粒度分布对快淬NdFeB磁粉性能的影响，采用正交法对磁粉的粒度分布进行优化，获得具有最佳性能的磁粉粒度配比是（颗粒度目数）：（100～150）：（150～200）：（200～250）：（250～325）：（〉325）=12：3：1：3：1．     

烧结NdFeB永磁合金本征腐蚀特性研究进展

介绍了近年来有关烧结NdFeB永磁合金的腐蚀机理及其本征腐蚀特性方面的研究进展情况,着重评述了合金化和显微组织结构对磁体腐蚀特性的作用机制及效果,并在此基础上提出了一些改进措施.