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81.
The strength of case-hardened parts under cyclic loading can be determined in an experimental manner, but this can produce
a large amount of costs due to the expenditure of material and testing time. Therefore, a calculation method is developed,
that strongly reduces the number of experiments. The presented model is based on Weibull's weakest-link concept and allows
to compute the survival probability of a case-hardened part which is loaded close to the fatigue limit. The essential quantities
in this model are the distribution of Vicker's hardness of the material, the exponents of the Weibull distribution of the
volume and the surface, the residual stress state, the surface roughness and the surface oxidation depth. By integrating the
survival probabilities of the surface and the volume, the survival probability of the entire specimen or part can be calculated,
which allows to compute the fatigue limit. The necessary parameters have to be determined from reference specimens. The model
is successfully examined by comparing experimental and calculated results of smooth and notched case-hardened specimens under
alternating torsion, rotating bending, repeated tension and tension-compression.
Received 20 August 2001 / Accepted 11 November 2001 相似文献
82.
影响塑料模压制件内应力的因素分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
主要讨论了造成塑料模压制件内应力的主要因素,包括制件造型设计不合理、模具设计不合理、成型工艺条件不正确等,并针对不同情况给出了相应的解决办法 相似文献
83.
The effect of Zr on reduction of hardness and microstructure in an FS weld of equal channel angular-pressed Al alloy was investigated. Zr addition to Al suppressed dynamic recovery in the thermomechanically affected zone and enabled retention of the high hardness of the ECA-pressed material throughout the weld. 相似文献
84.
85.
M. E. Stevenson S. L. Lowrie R. D. Bowman B. A. Bennett 《Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention》2002,2(4):55-60
Cold cracking of structural steel weldments is a well-characterized, well-documented, and well-understood failure mechanism.
Extensive effort has been put forth to recognize the welding and materials selection parameters that are conducive to cold
cracking; however, these engineering efforts have not fully eliminated the occurrence of such failures. This article describes
cold cracking failure specifically related to the construction industry. This particular failure was successfully identified
prior to final erection of the structural member, and the weld was successfully reworked. These actions potentially prevented
a serious catastrophic event that could have occurred have occurred either later in the construction process or possibly during
the use of the building. Individual welding parameters, such as electrode/wire selection, joint design, and pre/postheating,
played a role in the failure, and a number of human factors relating to the actual fabrication practices also contributed
to the failure process. 相似文献
86.
WC对铜基和镍基喷焊覆层材料耐气蚀性能的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在CuNiSiB,NiCrSiB自熔合金粉末中添加WC陶瓷颗粒,利用氧乙炔焰粉末喷焊工艺制备覆层材料,用超声波振动气蚀仪对覆层材料进行耐气蚀性能研究,用扫描电子显微镜对覆层材料表面气蚀破坏形貌进行观察,结果表明:复合覆层材料的耐气蚀能力比基体强;提高CuNiSiB覆层材料耐气蚀能力的途径是强化晶界,还探讨了覆层材料的气蚀破坏机理。 相似文献
87.
M. Kovac 《Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance》1994,3(1):61-64
This article discusses residual stress measurements by means of electrochemical removal of material layers with residual stresses
and simultaneous measurement of strain on the opposite specimen side with strain gages. Exact measurements are impossible
particularly because of the small bevel gear module. With the method presented, the average residual stresses in the tooth
root plane and underlying layers are measured. Residual stress distribution after each consecutive production phase is plotted
and analyzed. Residual stress measurements enable the engineer to adequately assess each individual production phase and by
that improve the quality of the complete production process. 相似文献
88.
HSLA-80/100钢的焊接 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
朱炳琨 《兵器材料科学与工程》1998,21(6):59-64
对HSLA-80/100钢的焊接性、焊接材料及焊接工艺进行了综述,并指出了现存在的主要问题。 相似文献
89.
Quantitative x-ray diffraction topography techniques have been used to measure the residual strain magnitude and uniformity
of deposition for Mo and W sputtered films on Si(100) substrates. High sensitivity rocking curve measurements were able to
determine differential strains for films as thin as 2.5 nm; while Bragg angle contour mapping had similar sensitivity and
was also able to assess coating uniformity and stress distribution over areas covering a whole wafer. Measurements of strain
versus film thickness over a range of 2.5 nm to 80 nm showed that a critical thickness exists for maximum residual strain.
Growth beyond this range produces stress relaxation. This non-destructive type of analysis could be employed on a wide range
of film-substrate combinations. 相似文献
90.
Although the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process is widely used for joining metals, its planning is still a cumbersome task. The planning procedure involves many complex interrelationships among the process variables and depends heavily on empirical knowledge. Therefore, a solution method that allows a convenient way to represent the domain knowledge and evaluate the process variable relationships is needed. Further, the lack of a strong domain theory to quantify these interrelationships is a deficiency in the planning of the GMAW process. This paper presents a solution method that overcomes this deficiency and introduces a convenient knowledge representation scheme. The solution method considers the planning procedure to be a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP). The AC-4 algorithm is used to obtain arc consistency among nodes in the constraint network and the PC-4 algorithm is applied to obtain path consistency in the network. A modified version of the AC-4 algorithm is developed to reduce the search space and correspondingly reduce the computation time. An example is presented to demonstrate the capability of the method and its potential to reduce lead time. 相似文献