鲁宾逊能有一门语言吗?

私人语言问题是维特根斯坦后期哲学中的主要论题之一 ,本文对这一问题中的一个重要论点—即终生孤居者能否拥有语言问题进行探讨 ,并在考察有关研究者的论述的基础上 ,提出一些新的观点     

“三个代表”重要思想与中国共产党的先进性

贯彻“三个代表”重要思想,核心和灵魂是永葆党的先进性。先进性是工人阶级先锋队的本质属性,是党得以存在和发展的根本依据,是党能够得到最广大人民信赖和拥护的根本条件。党的先进性是具体的历史的,是随着时代和实践的发展而发展的。因此始终保持党的先进性,无论什么时候都是党的建设的核心问题,因而也是新世纪我们要建设一个什么样的党和怎样建设党的核心问题。     

致密油平台式“工厂化”水平井优化设计——以松辽盆地三肇凹陷肇源地区Y63井区扶余油层为例

松辽盆地三肇凹陷肇源地区扶余油层具有资源量大、储集层致密、普遍含油且连续分布的特点。但产能问题一直是制约该区致密油勘探开发的难点。针对肇源地区Y63“甜点”区,应用大量测录井、试油及化验分析资料,明确FⅡ₁砂层组“甜点”地质特征,通过地震属性、地质统计学反演,精细刻画“甜点”砂体边界,开展平台式“工厂化”水平井设计。实钻结果表明,已完钻6口水平井钻遇油层934~1 177m,平均为1 070m,与周边直井相比,提高产能5~12倍,证实平台式“工厂化”水平井部署方式的优越性和可行性。     

AD421在智能变送器中的应用

文中主要介绍了高性能数模转换器AD421的工作原理及其在智能变送器的设计中的应用。设计方案利用低功耗的16位单片机MSP430作为核心控制器，选用低功耗的外围扩展元器件，设计了具有4-20mA两线制电流输出和RS-232串口数字信号输出，以及带有校准和参数设置功能的智能变送器。经实践证明，具有低功耗、高精度以及工作稳定可靠等特点。     

基于储备冗余模型的全负荷调峰方式可靠性分析

基于储备冗余模型分析了３种全负荷汽轮机调峰方式的可靠性,分别推出了它们的故障函数和可靠度以及平均工作寿命的计算公式     

高职“数字电子技术”课程教学模式改革探索

“数字电子技术”是在高职院校教学发展的过程中,相对来说比较重要的一门课程,在很大程度上对学生的后续课程学习产生较大影响。因此,这门课程的教学模式等都会对课程的教学质量优劣产生相应的影响。经济在发展,时代在进步,在新的时代条件下进行高职“数字电子技术”课程教学模式的改革是符合社会发展潮流并且有利于社会的整体发展的。文章将从对高职“数字电子技术”的教学进行简单介绍出发,找出目前高职院校“数字电子技术”课程教学模式存在的问题,并提出相关的解决对策,希望可以对我国高职“数字电子技术”课程教学的发展有所帮助。     

基于隐私保护的法定“数字货币”激励机制

多国央行已开展基于分布式账本技术的法定“数字货币”研究,唯有英国公开了法定“数字货币”框架RSCoin的交易记账架构,并设计激励机制鼓励授信机构提供协作记账服务。但是,RSCoin中的激励机制没有考虑授信机构差异性的服务成本,也没有给出明确的报酬分配方案。充分考虑授信机构差异性的隐私成本,建立央行和授信机构的激励模型,明确授信机构的报酬,首次提出一种既保护授信机构隐私成本又保证授信机构诚实报价的激励机制POPTIM。POPTIM首先通过编码散列方法对授信机构的协作报价进行加密;然后基于隐私保护排序算法选择待支付的授信机构;最后基于同态加法算法计算各授信机构获得的报酬。通过理论分析可知,POPTIM机制具有隐私安全、计算高效、满足授信机构个体理性和保证授信机构诚实报价的性质。     

“以电定水”模式下蓄能最大与耗能最小一致性研究

梯级蓄能最大与耗能最小是"以电定水"模式下常用的2个优化准则,它们追求目标的角度不同,但本质上是一致的。传统梯级蓄能最大、耗能最小准则未考虑水电站发电效率的影响,无法真实反映梯级水库的调度目标;并且两者采用时段平均值近似计算能量,导致蓄能最大与耗能最小出现了差异。鉴于此,首先引入能效系数来表征水电站对水能资源的利用能力,对传统准则进行了改进;其次在验证了改进梯级蓄能最大、耗能最小准则一致性的基础上,建立了梯级负荷分配蓄、耗能一致性模型;最后对堵河流域潘口、小漩梯级水库进行了实例计算。结果表明:改进的梯级蓄能最大、耗能最小准则完全一致,并且较传统准则能够更加真实地反映梯级水库的调度目标。所建模型较传统模型更优,能够为"以电定水"模式下的梯级水库优化调度提供更加有效的指导。     

Near-Zero Air Pollutant Emission Technologies and Applications for Clean Coal-Fired Power

Coal is the dominant energy source in China, and coal-fired power accounts for about half of coal consumption. However, air pollutant emissions from coal-fired power plants cause severe ecological and environmental problems. This paper focuses on near-zero emission technologies and applications for clean coal-fired power. The long-term operation states of near-zero emission units were evaluated, and synergistic and special mercury (Hg) control technologies were researched. The results show that the principle technical route of near-zero emission, which was applied to 101 of China’s coal-fired units, has good adaptability to coal properties. The emission concentrations of particulate matter (PM), SO₂, and NO_x were below the emission limits of gas-fired power plants and the compliance rates of the hourly average emission concentrations reaching near-zero emission in long-term operation exceeded 99%. With the application of near-zero emission technologies, the generating costs increased by about 0.01 CNY∙(kW∙h)^–1. However, the total emissions of air pollutants decreased by about 90%, resulting in effective improvement of the ambient air quality. Furthermore, while the Hg emission concentrations of the near-zero emission units ranged from 0.51 to 2.89 μg∙m⁻³, after the modified fly ash (MFA) special Hg removal system was applied, Hg emission concentration reached as low as 0.29 μg∙m⁻³. The operating cost of this system was only 10%–15% of the cost of mainstream Hg removal technology using activated carbon injection. Based on experimental studies carried out in a 50 000 m³∙h⁻¹ coal-fired flue gas pollutant control pilot platform, the interaction relationships of multi-pollutant removal were obtained and solutions were developed for emissions reaching different limits. A combined demonstration application for clean coal-fired power, with the new “1123” eco-friendly emission limits of 1, 10, 20 mg∙m⁻³, and 3 μg∙m⁻³, respectively, for PM, SO₂, NO_x, and Hg from near-zero emission coal-fired power were put forward and realized, providing engineering and technical support for the national enhanced pollution emission standards.     

Nacre-inspired composite design approaches for large-scale cementitious members and structures

Nacre boasts a remarkable mechanical property profile, despite being composed 95% of a chalk-like mineral. Previous research has reported the features and deformation mechanisms responsible, inspiring many synthetic, biomimetic versions of nacre. However, due to processing challenges associated with nacre's complex structure, this composite design inspiration has not been applied on a scale useful for civil engineering applications. This research investigates the utility of nacre's composite design on a scale relevant to infrastructure by exploiting the “distributed microcracking” behavior of strain-hardening cementitious composites (SHCCs). With the goal of emulating nacre's deformation mechanisms, rather than simply structural mimicry, various design approaches within the constraints of construction practices are introduced and evaluated in direct tension and beam bending. An alternating layering scheme, using a geotextile mesh and a high strength SHCC, is seen to produce promising behavior, significantly outperforming the high strength SHCC in its monolithic form. Advantages are seen in tension, compression, and particularly flexure. The deformation mechanisms responsible for this enhanced performance, and those of alternate approaches, are discussed.