美国布扎教育对中国第一代建筑师的影响 *#br# ——以康奈尔大学吕彦直、杨锡宗为例

摘要　探究 1910 年代接受美国布扎建筑教育的中国第一代留美建筑师——康奈尔大学吕彦直和杨锡宗的设计学理逻 辑的形成。通过分析吕、杨两位的设计作业和设计实践,尝试解读布扎体系下产生的设计理念,发现他们的设计风格 源于学生时代的布扎教育。美国布扎建筑教育促成中国第一代建筑师既善于引入西方古典复兴风格,又创新地引领中 国风格的形成。因此,美国布扎建筑教育影响了中国近代第一代建筑师及其建筑设计。     

UNIDO-ICHET support to hydrogen and fuel cell technologies in Turkey

The International Centre for Hydrogen Energy Technologies (ICHET) has been implementing measures to demonstrate potential benefits of “hydrogen and fuel cell systems” in developing countries. ICHET is a United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) project funded by the Turkish Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources. To achieve its mission, ICHET implements pilot demonstration projects, provides applied research and development funding, and organizes workshops, education and training activities. Long term objective of the centre are to show implementation of hydrogen energy technologies with renewable energy systems and encourage local industries to manufacture similar systems for commercial applications. Support has been provided to select industrial partners in Turkey for developing prototypes including a fuel cell forklift, a fuel cell boat, a fuel cell passenger cart, renewable energy systems integrated mobile house, fuel cell based Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS) installations. As more and more systems are demonstrated, public awareness of applications of hydrogen and fuel cell technologies will increase. ICHET has polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell testing capabilities together with analytical equipment to conduct fuel cell, hydrogen production and storage research. These facilities are being used for educational purposes with hundreds of engineers trained to date.     

论抗战时期重庆高等建筑教育的发展

1937年抗日战争全面爆发,以重庆为中心的大后方教育并未因战争中断,反而得以继续发展.战时的中央大学建筑系迎来了“兴旺繁荣的沙坪坝时代”.由于战争破坏后的城市重建以及迁建区建设的需要,急需大量的建筑专业人才,促使重庆大学在战时成立了建筑系,并迅速发展,使重庆成为西南地区最早的建筑专业人才培养之地.     

A generic dynamic control task for behavioral research and education

Recent research in behavioral sciences presents strong evidence of poor human understanding for dynamic systems. Computer-based dynamic control tasks have an important potential for helping behavioral scientists advance research that investigates reasons for poor understanding and for helping students understand how dynamic systems work. In this paper, we introduce a simulation called Dynamic Stocks and Flows (DSF) that portrays the basic building blocks of dynamic systems: an accumulation; an inflow and outflow determined by an environment; and an inflow and outflow determined by a decision maker. In DSF, decision makers control the accumulation to a goal level by making repeated inflow and outflow decisions. We provide details of an experiment conducted with DSF that highlight some problems people face in controlling a dynamic system with different kinds of environmental inflow and outflow functions. DSF is flexible enough to represent dynamic systems with continuous or discrete accumulations, and with real-time or event-driven decision-making. We suggest that these and other features in DSF make it a good research and educational tool.     

Early career researchers benefit from inclusive,diverse and international collaborations: Changing how academic institutions utilize the seminar series

Efforts to make research environments more inclusive and diverse are beneficial for the next generation of Great Lakes researchers. The global COVID-19 pandemic introduced circumstances that forced graduate programs and academic institutions to re-evaluate and promptly pivot research traditions, such as weekly seminar series, which are critical training grounds and networking opportunities for early career researchers (ECRs). While several studies have established that academics with funded grants and robust networks were better able to weather the abrupt changes in research and closures of institutions, ECRs did not. In response, both existing and novel partnerships provided a resilient network to support ECRs at an essential stage of their career development. Considering these challenges, we sought to re-frame the seminar series as a virtual collaboration for ECRs. Two interdisciplinary graduate programs, located in different countries (Windsor, Canada, and Detroit, USA) invested in a year-long partnership to deliver a virtual-only seminar series that intentionally promoted: the co-creation of protocols and co-led roles, the amplification of justice, equity, diversity and inclusion throughout all aspects of organization and representation, engagement and amplification through social media, the integration of social, scientific and cultural research disciplines, all of which collectively showcased the capacity of our ECRs to lead, organize and communicate. This approach has great potential for application across different communities to learn through collaboration and sharing, and to empower the next generation to find new ways of working together.     

形成中的力量——亚琛工业大学建筑系“设计初步”课教学笔记

本文的第一和第二部分详细介绍了亚琛工业大学(Rheinisch-Westf?lische Technische Hochschule Aachen,简称RWTH Aachen)建筑系"建筑类型和设计基础"(Lehrstuhl für Geb?udelehre und Grundlagen des Entwerfens)教席的本科一年级"设计初步"(Einführen ins Entwerfen)课程,旨在探讨一年级建筑教育的一种可能性。文章以展示教学过程和学生作业的形式将课程内容、教学方法和教学成果串联起来。该课系统地将课程主体划分为4个主题——尺度、空间、场所和功能。各部分包含的练习循序渐进地引导学生通过身体性的感知和充满试验性的动手实践来认识空间,激发他们的创造力。文章的第三部分以访谈的形式记录了笔者与教席资深教师就课程设置的初衷和授课经验展开的讨论。本文的最后探讨了该课程教学带给我们的思考与启发。     

Modelling User Needs:Students as Enterprise Analysts

We illustrate a case study,where students designed enterprise architectures,that were not only welcome but successfully implemented.The success key was threefold.First the analysis framework,that integrates all the aspects of the systems that are relevant to users,namely user interface,rules,and information.Second,the analysis approach,that guides,trough confirmatory sessions,to elicit real requirements from users.Third,the model-to-model transformation,that assures consistency from the highest aggregate abstraction down to an executable model.     

国际视野下的中国高等教育体制改革

各国并不存在完全一致的高等教育管理体制与运行机制的普世模式。但是,高等教育管理体制与运行机制必须遵循高等教育规律,体现现代大学特性,存在有大学自治与自主办学、教师权力与学术自由、民主管理与社会参与等共有特性。我国的高等教育体制改革要适合中国国情,体现中国政治制度与经济社会发展要求,具有中国特色。但是,同时要遵循高等教育规律,遵循世界各国高等教育体制发展历程中形成的共有特性。     

新工科背景下矿物加工工程专业课程体系构建与思考——以武汉理工大学为例

新工科建设是国家面向全球新经济形势下对高等教育改革提出的新方向,文章在深刻把握“新工科”内涵的基础上,明确课程设置原则,从课程模块组成、主干与特色课程设置和实习实践课程安排等方面,全面系统的构建武汉理工大学矿物加工工程专业课程体系,有效推动传统工科专业的改造升级,落实卓越工程技术人才的培养。