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991.
992.
糠醛加氢制糠醇中Cu-Zn/γ-Al2O3催化剂的改性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用浸渍法制备γ-Al2O3负载Cu-Zn催化剂并用Co改性.考察了Cu-Zn负载量、Co用量、反应温度和质量空速对催化剂性能的影响,对催化剂进行100 h的稳定性评价实验,并采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)对催化剂进行表征.实验结果表明,当Cu,Zn,Al和Co的摩尔比为1.00 :2.00:3.00:0.51时,Cu-Zn/γ-Al2O3(Co)的催化性能和稳定性比较好.在413 K,氢气流速为0.5 mL/s,糠醛空速为2 h-1条件下,糠醇的选择性达100%,糠醛转化率达94.6%,比使用单纯Cu-Zn/γ-Al2O3催化剂的转化率提高11%.催化剂中Cu晶相是催化活性中心,Co的加入抑制了Cu的氧化,提高了催化剂的活性和稳定性. 相似文献
993.
Michael Bowker 《Topics in Catalysis》1996,3(3-4):461-468
STM has been combined with molecular beam rate measurements to gain an understanding of the oxidative dehydrogenation of methanol to produce formaldehyde, both at the macroscopic and microscopic level. From this a model of the reaction is developed where the methanol initial reacts at very few active oxygen sites located at the short sides of oxygen islands on the Cu(110) surface. Such sites are very much rarer on a surface which is saturated with 0.5 monolayers of oxygen and the reaction rate is initially very low, but shows autocatalytic behaviour, rising in time as vacancies are created in the oxygen layer. 相似文献
994.
以腈纶、水合肼、氢氧化钠为原料制得羧酸钠型离子交换纤维,研究了该纤维对Cu2+的吸附性能。结果表明:羧酸钠型离子交换纤维的交换容量可达4.89 mmol/g,25℃下,pH为5.0时,20 min可达到饱和吸附;CuSO4溶液浓度为2.32 mmoL/L,床流速为2.7 BV/min,穿透吸附时的床体积为149.0时,该纤维对Cu2+的动态穿透沉淀和吸附容量为1.66 mmol/L;该纤维经5次再生后其交换容量由再生前的4.89 mmol/g升高到4.97 mmol/g,饱和吸附时再生纤维吸附容量达到再生前的95.6%,其再生性能良好。 相似文献
995.
Carbon materials are often used as catalyst supports, and for catalysts in electrodes of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, carbon black has been used. Recently, it was found, however, that activated carbon could replace carbon black and besides, significantly improve the activity of the electrode catalyst layer for oxygen reduction. In the present study, to optimize the pore structure of activated carbon for further activity improvement, the influence of the pore structure on the activity was investigated using activated carbon of various specific surface areas and mean pore diameters. A catalyst layer was formed from activated carbon loaded with platinum and a polymer electrolyte. The activity of the layer was measured in an oxygen-saturated perchloric acid solution, supporting the layer on a rotating glassy carbon disk electrode. We found that increases in the specific surface area and mean pore diameter increased the activity and that the latter was more effective than the former mainly due to the enhanced mass-transfer in the pores; the catalyst layer formed from activated carbon with the largest mean pore diameter was the most active. Unless pores excessively develop and lose connections between particles, a large pore diameter is therefore desired for the fuel cell electrodes. 相似文献
996.
利用水热反应法将三聚氰胺悬浊液在200℃下反应生成中间产物,中间产物经煅烧直接制成了二维石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)纳米片(WCN),并与本体g-C3N4(CN)、传统热氧剥离法得到的g-C3N4纳米片(OCN)进行了比较.采用SEM、XRD、FTIR、Raman、AFM、PL对样品进行了表征,探讨了其光电化学性能和光催化性能.结果表明,两种方法均实现了对CN的剥离,WCN和OCN与CN的晶体结构和组成相同,WCN和OCN比表面积分别是CN的3.6倍和3.1倍.光电化学分析显示,WCN具有更好的载流子迁移与分离效率,具有较好的光催化活性.可见光照射下,WCN对亚甲基蓝(MB)的光催化降解率达到82.0%,分别是OCN和CN的2.4倍和6.7倍,光催化降解过程符合一级动力学方程.WCN具有优良的稳定性和可重复利用性能. 相似文献
997.
998.
为实现对白榴石热膨胀系数的有效调控,利用铯离子对白榴石粉体进行改型。将白榴石粉体在浓度为0.3 mol/L的硫酸铯溶液中进行水热离子交换处理。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对180 ℃下不同离子交换时间得到样品的物相和形貌进行了分析和观察。结果表明:铯离子进入白榴石晶格后,使部分白榴石转变生成了铯榴石,并且随着保温时间的延长,产物铯榴石晶体会逐渐由四方晶系过渡为立方晶系。当保温时间超过10 h时,两相间内应力增加会导致铯榴石从白榴石颗粒表面脱落,所以保温时间应该控制在2~10 h。利用JMA方程对合成铯榴石生长动力学过程进行拟合分析,从Avrami指数n小于0.5可知,整个反应主要由扩散控制。 相似文献
999.
Controlled calcination of ion-exchanged Wyoming Bentonite in the presence and absence of ammonia leads to layer charge reductions. Detailed chemical analyses of both unexchangeable and exchangeable species lead to the conclusion that in no case is there migration of the original interlamellar cations into the octahedral region of the layers although, in terms of ionic radius alone, Mg2+, Ni2+ and, possibly Co2+, might be expected to do so. The production of unexchangeable Mg, Ni or Co, is identified as resulting from high temperature hydrolysis leading to hydroxide or oxide formation. 相似文献
1000.
Handling occlusion is a very challenging problem in object detection. This paper presents a method of learning a hierarchical model for X-to-X occlusion-free object detection (e.g., car-to-car and person-to-person occlusions in our experiments). The proposed method is motivated by an intuitive coupling-and-decoupling strategy. In the learning stage, the pair of occluding X?s (e.g., car pairs or person pairs) is represented directly and jointly by a hierarchical And–Or directed acyclic graph (AOG) which accounts for the statistically significant co-occurrence (i.e., coupling). The structure and the parameters of the AOG are learned using the latent structural SVM (LSSVM) framework. In detection, a dynamic programming (DP) algorithm is utilized to find the best parse trees for all sliding windows with detection scores being greater than the learned threshold. Then, the two single X?s are decoupled from the declared detections of X-to-X occluding pairs together with some non-maximum suppression (NMS) post-processing. In experiments, our method is tested on both a roadside-car dataset collected by ourselves (which will be released with this paper) and two public person datasets, the MPII-2Person dataset and the TUD-Crossing dataset. Our method is compared with state-of-the-art deformable part-based methods, and obtains comparable or better detection performance. 相似文献