防震视角下的山地城市防灾开敞空间优化策略探析

山地城市受地形高差限制,步行交通连通性较差,往往导致开敞空间支离破碎。由于地形地质原因,次生灾害发生频率较高。针对山地城市的空间布局特点,分析防灾开敞空间的构成要素,对各构成要素进行初步分类。综合探析影响山地城市防灾空间布局的因素,提出山地城市防灾开敞空间构成及评价标准的差异性,以重庆市长寿区为例,提出山地城市防灾开敞空间的优化策略及适合山地城市自身特征的评价标准,为山地城市防灾开敞空间规划提供理论支持。     

Drawing Time

Taking place in time, drawing is ‘the fundamental act of design’. It is instrumental in formulating duration in terms of process and also the ways in which architectural environments might be experienced. In this article, Brian McGrath , Dean of the School of Constructed Environments and Professor of Urban Design at Parsons School of Design in New York, reflects on three decades of experimental graphic work, which take a layered, multidimensional and augmented approach to representation.     

Curitiba Revisited: Five Decades of Transformation

Heralded worldwide as an exemplar of sustainable development, Curitiba now has a history of over half a century of enlightened urban planning. Curitiba born Maria do Rocio Rosário , who is the Head of the São Paulo-based Urban Development Strategies (UDS), reflects on whether Curitiba has actually delivered on its ambitious ideals and where the future challenges might lie for metropolitan integration.     

Recife: The Popular Struggle for a Better City

Sometimes dubbed Brazil's Venice, Recife is situated on a series of islands, articulated by waterways, on the country's northeast coast. The nation's ninth largest city, it has a historical core, but also shares many urban challenges common to other Brazilian metropolises: a beachfront blighted by speculative development, a semi-derelict port area and extensive zones of poor neighbourhoods. Architects and academics Circe Monteiro and Luiz Carvalho from the multidisciplinary research group INCITI (Research and Innovation for Cities) at the Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, describe here why, despite a history of inconsistent development, this could now be Recife's moment to transform itself as the urban agenda comes to the fore.     

美国双城地区购物中心的发展与规划

明尼苏达州双城地区是美国中西部最大的都市区之一,购物中心的发展在这里有比较特殊的历史。本文介绍双城地区购物中心的发展历史与现状（包括购物中心的种类、分布和发展挑战）,并探讨了购物中心的规划。购物中心的规划与城市管治的模式关系密切。和美国很多其他都市区一样,双城地区的城市管治有着显著的分散化、分权化和自由化的特征。同时,都市区内各个城市之间彼此独立但又相互合作,有专门的组织（譬如大都市理事会）负责规划、协调都市区的整体发展。在研究购物中心的规划时,文章首先介绍购物中心的规划过程、规划的主要参与者及资金来源;然后分析了公众参与、城市发展规划（特别是土地利用规划和交通规划）和区域经济政策（特别是《财政分税法案》）对购物中心发展的影响。毫无疑问,购物中心对城市的发展也有重要影响。最后,文章还简要讨论了双城地区购物中心的发展对城市人口分布以及城市交通发展的影响。     

Internet mapping for dissemination of statistical information

City and regional administrations find increasing interest in providing mapping services to their customers: citizens, businesses, non-governmental organizations, etc. The paper discusses possible architectures of implementing such services on the Internet, and then describes our own system, Descartes, in more detail. Descartes can be used in client–server mode, where the interactive client interface can be downloaded as a Java applet. Descartes is particularly suited for Web-based analysis and publication of geo-referenced statistical data. The functionality and user interface of Descartes is illustrated by some example applications of the cities of Bonn and Tilburg and of the UK Census of Population.     

保护，发展的“触媒”——探索古城保护方法

古城向来面对保护与发展的矛盾，使城市经常在保护抑制发展与发展破坏保护的怪圈中彷徨。虽然旅游业的蓬勃发展为古城保护注入了经济动力，似乎弥合了保护和发展的对立，但人们发现旅游同样给古城带来破坏，只不过这种破坏力不像挖掘机表现的直接罢了。本文的“触媒”思路，正是基于既要很好地保护古城的真实性，又能促进城市的发展这样一个理念提出的。作为保护方法的一种探索，它的可行性和效果期待实践的检验。     

层次分析法在资源枯竭型城市选择就业项目中的应用

资源枯竭型城市正面临着十分严峻的就业形势。解决就业问题常常需要决策上什么项目，本文提出用层次分析法对就业项目进行优化选择。用此方法可以选出那些具有优势的项目，避免盲目决策。     

城市意义中的现代会展中心

文章通过对现代城市及会展业相互关系的分析,探讨了现代会展中心对提升城市形象表达城市精神,加速城市经济发展的重要作用以及城市差异对其建设模式的影响。     

通过城市扩张促进就业

资源枯竭型城市是目前我国就业形势最为严峻的地区，其就业问题具有一些不同于一般城市的特点。本文从城市扩张的角度探讨如何促进资源枯竭型城市就业，提出了城市扩张的理论基础和政策依据、目前资源枯竭型城市在城市扩张上存在的问题及解决建议。