厄瓜多尔流域综合规划适宜生态流量研究

在厄瓜多尔水资源管理工作中,生态流量管控尚未被应用于具体实践。为此,参考中国的水资源保护管理经验,将生态流量管控作为水资源保护的重要手段引入厄瓜多尔流域综合规划中。在对生态流量发展历史、计算方法和应用情况进行系统总结和分析的基础上,根据厄瓜多尔基础资料现状情况及管理要求,在制定水资源保护规划时,确定了212个生态流量控制断面,并应用Tennant法和流量历时曲线法计算了各控制断面的生态流量。     

离心机转鼓强度计算规范中开孔系数的讨论

运用有限元分析软件ANSYS,对开孔后的离心机转鼓进行应力模拟计算,并与JB/T 8051-1996《离心机转鼓强度计算规范》得到的结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,规范中开孔系数的选取对转鼓应力的计算会带来一定的偏差,需要进一步的修正。     

TiO2溶胶的制备以及在建筑陶瓷中的应用

以钛酸丁酯[Ti(OB)4],无水乙醇,乙酰丙酮(AcAc)等为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶和喷涂方法制备自清洁瓷砖。以油酸为有机污染模拟物,研究了TiO2薄膜厚度及热处理制度等工艺因素对自清洁性能的影响。结果表明当热处理温度450℃、保温40~60min、膜厚在60~70nm,可以获得光催化性能优良的自清洁瓷砖。采用XRD等测试手段对薄膜的物相组成等进行了表征,揭示了瓷砖自清洁性能与薄膜结构之间的关系。     

改进的卡尔费休法滴定装置对葡萄糖酸镁水含量的测定

用带橡皮塞的导管将滴定管的上口与锥形瓶连接构成一个密闭的滴定装置，将此装置应用于卡尔费休法容量法测定水含量，在滴定过程中所有试剂与外界完全隔开，防止了空气中的水蒸气干扰，滴定终点明显。且能长时间稳定（8h以上）。该装置结构简单，操作方便。利用此方法成功测定了葡萄糖酸镁中的水含量，其平均回收率为102．0％。     

A perceptual evaluation of grating frequencies and velocities in the analysis of dynamic images

Dynamic images that possess beauty and are user-friendly can increase the use of digital technology. In addition to information conveyance, dynamic images also act as a communication bridge in the human–machine interface. Dynamic images are widely used in the application of digital media. Therefore, understanding the visual effects of dynamic images on viewers is a very important issue. From a visual communication design perspective, dynamic images influence not only image quality, but also the viewers’ perception and impression of the displayed image. In the contemporary age characterized by universal usage of dynamic images, designers should attain synchronized knowledge and understanding of relevant media technology so as to present preferred design quality in the management of digital design such as animation design, Web page design, multimedia design, and so on. The current study noted that psychological effects such as viewers’ visual attention, preferences, and understanding were more important than image quality. Therefore, this study adopted the viewpoint of “visual design” and conducted a perceptual evaluation of grating frequency and grating velocity. The pair-comparison method and scale method were adopted in the research methodology to simplify perceptual evaluations and enhance their validity. The purpose of this study was: (1) To propose recommendations for displaying dynamic images and improving image performance using perceptual evaluation methods. (2) To examine the influence of psychological factors on viewer’s comfort when they experience dynamic images. (3) To identify the best grating feature combinations that meet viewer’s psychological characteristics and propose recommendations for dynamic images design. The study concludes that it is useful to establish criteria for evaluating users’ perception and to, develop perceptual evaluations of dynamic images. It is recommended that designers find a balance between watching a moving imaging display “clearly” and watching it “comfortably” for successful reception by the viewer.     

高聚合度聚氯乙烯凝胶特性的研究

采用差示扫描量热（DSC）法和毛细管流变法对高聚合度聚氯乙烯（HPVC）的凝胶特性进行了研究。结果表明，PVC2500具有与通用PVC类似的凝胶化机理，符合Benjamin的粉碎理论；HPVC加工温度高于175℃时有较高的凝胶度，加工温度在175～185℃，PVC2500的凝胶度可以达到60％～85％。相同的加工温度和加工时间下，PVC2500未熔融的主结晶体及等温结晶体更多，造成PVC2500的凝胶度比PVC1000小。     

以创新的理念搞好热力学第二定律及其工程应用的教学

热力学第二定律是化工热力学核心教学内容之一,是工业装置用能标定和评价的基础,因此如何在本科热力学教学中说清热力学第二定律,掌握其工程应用方法显得尤为重要.作者根据多年的实际教学经验,从熵的基本概念、定性与定量表达方法出发,引申出熵产、理想功、损失功和有效能等基本热力学量,并将其应用于评价实际化工单元过程和装置组合.     

高分子材料的微孔发泡方法

介绍了微孔发泡高分子材料的成型方法 ,成型原理和成型工艺及设备。     

水热法制备锰锌铁氧体纳米晶

以水热法制备了粒径为20－40nm的锰锌铁氧体纳米晶，以XRD、SEM、磁强计等对产物做了表征，分析了影响锰锌铁氧体纳米晶的因素。结果表明，在T≥150℃,t≥5h条件下，均能得到阵锌铁氧体纳米晶粉末。T＝450℃时制备的纳米晶的磁强度最高；添加剂能改善水热体系的均匀性，使产物分布均匀、晶相单一、团聚少。     

二氧化氯消毒技术及在医院污水处理中的应用

介绍二氧化氯消毒的性能特点，分析讨论二氧化氯消毒杀菌原理，，给出了化学法制备二氧化氯的化学反应方程式及二氧化氯发生器的工艺原理图，结合实际介绍生化－二氧化氯消毒工艺在医院污水处理中的应用情况，并进行了经济效益分析。