试论学术腐败与学术评价的定量化

学术腐败问题已引起社会的广泛关注 ,学术腐败的根源是多方面的。本文在分析了造成学术腐败根源的基础上 ,辩证地论述了学术评价定量化与学术腐败的关系 ,并就如何做好学术评价提出了建议。     

The Relations Between Contextual Risk, Earned Income, and the School Adjustment of Children From Economically Disadvantaged Families.

This longitudinal study examined the relations between multiple risk indexes representing contextual adversity, income-to-needs ratios, and the elementary school adjustment of children from economically disadvantaged families. The results provide evidence for volatility in family circumstances over 2-year intervals from preschool to 5th grade, for relations between the contextual risk indexes and change in externalizing behavior, and for relations between the income-to-needs ratios and change in academic competence. The results also show differences in the timing of the effects. Little evidence was found for persistence effects. Theoretical implications concern conceptualizations of the diverse and dynamic nature of the family circumstances experienced by disadvantaged children. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Mentoring, Modeling, and Money: The 3 Ms of Producing Academics.

The program at Lehigh University has been very successful in producing a high percentage of students (42% of all graduates) who have entered academic careers as trainers of school psychologists. This article presents a conceptual model for the three variables that are considered as critical components of why students select an academic career--mentoring, modeling, and money. Results of a survey of the program alumni at Lehigh University are presented. Outcomes of the survey showed significant and substantial differences in the perceptions of the mentoring and modeling process by students who are in academic versus nonacademic careers. Implications for doctoral training programs interested in training students to enter academic careers are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

王闿运教育观简论

王闿运为晚清书院教育倾注了半生心血，做出了历史贡献，其教育思想对近代川湘两省的学风变化产生了一定影响，培育了一批英才。王闿运“老而劬学”的为学观、“有教无类”的施教观、“通经致用”的人才观彰显出其独特的教育观。     

我国城市地理研究的学术规范问题

改革开放以来,我国大陆包括城市地理研究在内的城市研究取得了长足的进展,但在城市研究的学术规范方面也存在明显的不足。这种不足具体表现在问题意识不足、学术对话严重不足、引用不太规范、学术史意识不强及理论创新不够。只有正视这些问题,认真分析成因和思考对策,才有可能在已有成绩的基础上找准方向,重新出发,并找到通向世界学术的"桥梁"。本文对此作了尝试。     

Wiring the Trenches

Abstract

The convergence of computing, communications, and traditional educational technologies enables teaching faculty and librarians to discuss, plan, create, and implement fundamentally unique strategies for providing access to people, information, and the teaching/learning process. A tripartite strategy for achieving these goals is presented. The three critical areas are: (1) Content (how to put together search strategies, look for information, process it, sift it, and organize it); (2) Process (how to use the technology to maximum benefit); and (3) Lobbying (in the areas of information policy, financial resources, and technological infrastructure). An action plan is proposed to provide both inspiration and guidance to help accomplish these goals.     

罗素案件与美国公立院校学术自由的危机与困境

1940年初,纽约市立学院决定聘请著名哲学家罗素来校任教,教授数学和逻辑哲学.但罗素却因宗教和性道德方面的学说而遭到纽约市大批宗教界、政界和普通民众的抵制.反对者以纳税者的身份要求纽约高等教育董事会解除对罗素的聘用,最终纽约法院判决高等教育董事会对罗素的聘用违法,制造了轰动一时的“罗素案件”.以杜威为首的一批知识界人士积极以学术自由的名义为罗素辩护.整个事件集中体现了在“纳税者逻辑”和美国公立高等院校学术自由所面临的激烈冲突.     

A Bold Vision and a Brand Identity for the Planning Profession

R. W. Firestone's Cityscape Pink is a bold image capturing the essence of a city. In this Longer View essay, Bruce McClendon argues that the profession of planning needs a similarly bold vision and compelling brand identity in order to claim its proper place among many competitors offering similar services. He aims to distinguish the planning profession in the eyes of the public and the minds of planners themselves. Three commenters respond with different perspectives on the status of the profession and how best to improve it.

Firestone is a psychotherapist with a PhD in clinical psychology from the University of Denver and the author of nine books. He grew up in the New York City area and opened his private practice in Los Angeles, treating patients suffering from schizophrenia. With a group of friends he has sailed to many parts of the world, and both his practice and his travels figure into the subjects of his artwork.

Planning has become a generic product in a confusing, overcrowded, and highly competitive marketplace. The public does not know what planning is or how to differentiate among planning specialists. Relying on a bold back-to-the-future approach, I argue that it is the production, administration, and implementation of comprehensive plans that once was and still is the profession's unique and distinctive technical competency and core mission. By using branding techniques to define, link, and reconnect planners with comprehensive planning, it will be possible to tell the planning story in a way that communicates the emotional benefits and value of the profession and strengthens the public's respect and appreciation for planners.     

Culture predicts Mexican Americans' college self-efficacy and college performance.

In hopes of promoting college success among Mexican Americans, researchers have identified factors related to their academic performance. A gap in the literature exists between the interactive role of acculturation, enculturation, and generation status in predicting college self-efficacy and college performance (grade-point average, or GPA). To fill this void, this study investigated the relation of demographic variables (e.g., age, gender, socioeconomic status) and cultural variables (e.g., acculturation, enculturation, generation status) on academic outcomes (e.g., college self-efficacy, college performance) among 408 Mexican-American college students. Results of a series of hierarchical regression analyses indicated socioeconomic status, generation status, enculturation, and acculturation had significant positive effects on college self-efficacy; socioeconomic status and the interaction of higher enculturation and first-generation status were positively and significantly related to GPA. Post-hoc analyses indicated college self-efficacy predicted college performance for students who were second generation and beyond. Implications for research and practice are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Relative efficacy of reciprocal and nonreciprocal peer tutoring for students at-risk for academic failure.

This study directly compared the academic gains of reciprocal peer tutoring, nonreciprocal peer tutoring, and a waiting-list control group. Participants included 59 elementary students from second-, third-, and fourth-grade classrooms who performed below average on curriculum-based measurement (CBM) math probes. Students involved in peer tutoring were trained to tutor basic math facts using a constant time delay procedure. Results indicated that the two types of peer tutoring produced comparable gains in basic math facts. Furthermore, both types of peer tutoring produced substantially larger academic gains than the waiting-list control group, demonstrating at-risk students can successfully tutor each other. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)