New Developments in Carbonic Anhydrase IX-Targeted Fluorescence and Nuclear Imaging Agents

Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a tumor-specific and hypoxia-induced biomarker for the molecular imaging of solid malignancies. The nuclear- and optical-imaging of CAIX-expressing tumors have received great attention due to their potential for clinical applications. Nuclear imaging is a powerful tool for the non-invasive diagnosis of primary and metastatic CAIX-positive tumors and for the assessment of responses to antineoplastic treatment. Intraoperative optical fluorescence imaging provides improved visualization for surgeons to increase the discrimination of tumor lesions, allowing for safer surgical treatment. Over the past decades, many CAIX-targeted molecular imaging probes, based on monoclonal antibodies, antibody fragments, peptides, and small molecules, have been reported. In this review, we outline the recent development of CAIX-targeted probes for single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), and near-infrared fluorescence imaging (NIRF), and we discuss issues yet to be addressed.     

无碱低张力泡沫复合驱油体系室内试验研究

研究了不同种类表面活性剂复配后的泡沫性能、界面性能,筛选出了性能高效、界面张力超低的无碱高效泡沫驱油体系的配方．该体系具有抗老化能力好、耐温抗盐能力强的优点。在油藏条件下．利用物理模拟装置。研究了体系的封堵能力和驱油效果。结果表明：超低界面张力泡沫复合驱体系具有在聚合物驱后较大幅度提高原油采收率的潜力,是一种比较好三次采油新方法。     

埕岛油田馆陶组油藏调剖技术初探

讨论了埕岛油田注水井调剖中施工场地、调剖剂配制水选择以及井下防砂管等因素对调剖施工方式的影响。分析了多种类型调剖剂的适应性,筛选出冻胶类调剖剂作为埕岛油田的调剖剂。研制出由改性HPAM为主剂、Cr3 有机络合物为交联剂和以金属络合物为主的交联稳定剂组成的HST-1型海水基冻胶调剖剂,并用于CB251A-6井调剖,取得了良好效果。探索出了一套适用于埕岛油田不动管柱、海水配制调剖剂和采用船载施工设备进行现场施工的注水井调剖工艺。     

气井泡沫排水中起泡剂的研究与应用

气井泡沫排水中使用的起泡剂直接影响气井的排水效率，是决定泡沫排水成功与否的关键。文章介绍了国虎近年来起泡剂的研究与应用情况，指出了现有起泡剂存在的问题和今后的研究方向。     

基于多移动代理的网络性能管理系统

基于移动代理的网络性能管理,利用移动代理的移动性、智能性、灵活性和强大的扩展能力,通过对整个网络进行本地和全局的性能监控和性能数据采集,提供实时数据采集、分析和可视化工具,最终为管理员完成可视化的性能报告。能够对网络实施高效、实时和准确的性能管理,而且移动代理的平台无关性又可方便地实现跨平台的网络管理,在复杂网络的管理方面有着极大的优势。根据多移动代理的设计模式,借助于UML建模工具构建了一个性能管理系统,清晰地描述了该系统的静态和动态结构,克服了传统的集中式网络性能管理的诸多缺点。     

硝化剂及预处理条件对软木NC氮量及其分布影响

以加拿大针叶木为原料、采用硝硫混酸和HNO3/CH2Cl2两种硝化剂分别制备了A、B、C、D级硝化纤维素(NC)样品,通过偏光显微镜分析测试了其含氮量及氮量分布(硝化均匀性)。同时采用不同的高压闪爆预处理条件,对针叶木进行预处理,比较了闪爆对高氮量B、低氮量D级NC的含氮量及氮量分布,系统研究了硝化剂体系组成及原料预处理条件对NC的含氮量及其分布影响规律。结果表明,在同样氮量级别,HNO3/CH2Cl2硝化体系比HNO3/H2SO4/H2O得到的NC氮量分布更均匀,A、B、C与D级NC的均匀性分别提高17.46%、16.98%、16.77%和25.79%;同一硝化剂体系,闪爆有利于硝化剂向软木纤维素纤维束内部扩散,能提高NC含氮量及氮量分布均匀性,B级NC,其均匀性提高6.06%,D级NC则提高7.56%。     

ZnO nanoparticle suspensions containing citric acid as antimicrobial to control Listeria monocytogenes,Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus in mango juice

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have been proven to have strong antibacterial activity against food borne pathogens. The practical applications of different concentrations (0, 1, 3, 5 and 8 mM) of ZnO suspensions containing 0.3% citric acid were investigated against the pathogenic bacteria like, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. Zinc oxide suspensions (0, 1, 3, 5 and 8 mM) containing citric acid have shown a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of all strains during 12 h of incubation. Our results have also shown that 5 and 8 mM suspensions of ZnO were the most effective on all strains. These data suggested that the antibacterial activity of ZnO was concentration dependent. Thus 5 mM and 8 mM ZnO were selected for further studies, carried out in mango juice, as they showed a significant growth inhibition in TSB. ZnO NPs were more capable of reducing initial growth counts of all the above stated strains in mango juice. Results have also exhibited that ZnO and citric acid had inhibitory effect on the growth of all strains during 24 h culture period in mango juice, as compared to the control experiment, which was further confirmed in liquid culture. This is the first report, describing the antibacterial activity of ZnO NPs in mango juices that showed the potential of these nanoparticles for use as an antibacterial agent in the food industry.     

An agent-based debiasing framework for investment decision-support systems

Though researchers agree on the role of psychological forces on individuals' decision-making and emphasise the need for developing decision-support systems (DSS) that make individuals aware of these forces, a framework that can guide us in building such systems is still non-existent. In this article, we attempt to bridge this gap by proposing an agent-based debiasing framework for developing investment DSS. Identifying the primary characteristics of major biases influencing investment decisions through a thorough literature review, we propose a taxonomy to categorise them as cognitive, affective or conative. Cognitive biases are information-processing biases. Affective biases involve general moods and emotions. Conative biases are relatively stable personality traits such as overconfidence and inertia. We then outline debiasing strategies for each of these bias categories and identify decision-support characteristics necessary in software agents to carry out the appropriate debiasing tasks. An agent-based DSS architecture is then proposed, and a detailed trading example triggering a sample bias detection and debiasing algorithm is discussed to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system.