Sources and nature of secondary school teachers’ education in computer-related ergonomics

Teachers’ knowledge of computer-related ergonomics in education will have an effect on the learning process and the work practices of their students. However little is known about teacher education in this area. The study aimed to investigate the sources and nature of secondary school teachers’ education about computer-related ergonomics. It also investigated the use of computers by secondary school children. The study included all secondary schools in the Republic of Ireland. The findings suggest that computers are widely available and are used frequently by students and teachers. However, there is evidence that teachers are not receiving information on computer-related ergonomics. Teachers were generally dissatisfied with this and would welcome information on the subject. The study discusses the implications of the findings and makes recommendations to meet the needs of the teachers.     

Mumford-Shah Regularizer with Contextual Feedback

We present a simple and robust feature preserving image regularization by letting local region measures modulate the diffusivity. The purpose of this modulation is to disambiguate low level cues in early vision. We interpret the Ambrosio-Tortorelli approximation of the Mumford-Shah model as a system with modulatory feedback and utilize this interpretation to integrate high level information into the regularization process. The method does not require any prior model or learning; the high level information is extracted from local regions and fed back to the regularization step. An important characteristic of the method is that both negative and positive feedback can be simultaneously used without creating oscillations. Experiments performed with both gray and color natural images demonstrate the potential of the method under difficult noise types, non-uniform contrast, existence of multi-scale patterns and textures.

基于事务树的最大频繁项集挖掘算法

针对Apriori算法在寻找频繁项集的过程中需多次扫描数据库、侯选项集过多、支持度计算过于复杂等问题,提出TT-Apriori算法。该算法将事务数据库转化成事务树,通过遍历事务树能直接快速地找到最大频繁项目集。简化支持度的计算,避免对整个数据库的扫描和大量的连接步骤,从而提高挖掘效率。     

基于改进基因表达式程序设计的股票指数预测

介绍基因表达式程序设计方法的基本原理,针对股票指数分析与预测问题,在经典的GEP算法基础上,提出一种基于动态变异算子的改进的GEP算法——IGEP算法,动态变异算子随着进化代数和染色体所含基因数目不同而变化,从而加快了GEP的收敛速度和精确度,对算法进行了复杂度和收敛性分析。设计一种基于IGEP的股票指数分析与预测算法,数值实验结果表明,该算法优于经典GEP算法,具有较广泛的通用性。     

基于80C186处理器的多功能实验板的研制

针对近年来飞机含80C186处理器电路板修理现状,为掌握该系列板件的修理能力,迫切需要开展其软件测试技术研究.从封装、类型以及时序分析角度,在对80C186处理器进行系统阐述基础上,设计并研制一块基于80C186处理器的多功能(包括串口通信、并口检测以及定时计数功能)实验板,给出该板的硬件电路图与软件流程框图,并基于汇编语言在QTH-2008PCI开发环境下进行功能调试,实验结果表明其有效性.所做的含80C186处理器的正向设计与软件编程研究工作对于逆向修理含80C186处理器飞机电路板板件有很大帮助.     

基于多信号模型和盲源分离的复合故障诊断方法

利用多信号模型可简明表征系统因果关系以及盲源分离算法可提取系统本源信息的特点, 提出一种新颖有效的复合故障诊断方法. 首先, 针对复合故障下多信号模型出现冗余测试和故障模糊组的情况, 应用盲源分离算法实现测点信息的盲分离, 基于盲信号重建多信号模型的因果结构; 其次, 理论分析了该方法对复合故障具有良好的可诊断性. 轧制过程AGC系统的实验结果表明, 所提出方法对双复合故障和部分多复合故障的隔离和定位准确率可达100%.

     

Never blame the umpire – a review of Situation Awareness models and methods for examining the performance of officials in sport

As sport becomes more complex, there is potential for ergonomics concepts to help enhance the performance of sports officials. The concept of Situation Awareness (SA) appears pertinent given the requirement for officials to understand what is going on in order to make decisions. Although numerous models exist, none have been applied to examine officials, and only several recent examples have been applied to sport. This paper examines SA models and methods to identify if any have applicability to officials in sport (OiS). Evaluation of the models and methods identified potential applications of individual, team and systems models of SA. The paper further demonstrates that the Distributed Situation Awareness model is suitable for studying officials in fastball sports. It is concluded that the study of SA represents a key area of multidisciplinary research for both ergonomics and sports science in the context of OiS.

Practitioner Summary: Despite obvious synergies, applications of cognitive ergonomics concepts in sport are sparse. This is especially so for Officials in Sport (OiS). This article presents an evaluation of Situation Awareness models and methods, providing practitioners with guidance on which are the most suitable for OiS system design and evaluation.     

基于多特征融合和图匹配的维汉句子对齐

维吾尔语新闻网页与对应的中文翻译网页在内容上往往并非完全可比,主要表现为双语句子序列的错位甚至部分句子缺失,这给维汉句子对齐造成了困难。此外,作为新闻要素的人名地名很多是未登录词,这进一步增加了维汉句子对齐的难度。为了提高维汉词汇的匹配概率,作者自动提取中文人名、地名并翻译为维吾尔译名,构造双语名称映射表并加入维汉双语词典。然后用维文句中词典词对应的中文译词在中文句中进行串匹配,以避免中文分词错误,累计所有匹配词对得到双语句对的词汇互译率。最后融合数字、标点、长度特征计算双语句对的相似度。在所有双语句子相似度构成的矩阵上,使用图匹配算法寻找维汉平行句对,在900个句对上最高达到95.67%的维汉对齐准确率。