材料饱和特性对永磁电机性能的影响研究

针对非晶材料饱和磁密低,非晶永磁电机性能易受铁心饱和作用影响的问题,本文提出了饱和磁密解析模型用以分析定子铁心齿部饱和作用产生的影响,该模型的特点是利用饱和前后气隙磁密的比率代替实验实测的电压比率求解出饱和系数,从而实现在电机初始设计阶段饱和效应对电机性能影响的分析与研究。基于该饱和磁路解析模型分析了定子铁心饱和对非晶永磁电机绕组电感、谐波电流以及逆变器供电情况下由载波引起的损耗的影响规律。     

基于深度学习的自然灾害遥感影像语义分割

自然灾害种类繁多, 通过遥感影像语义分割相对比较困难. 为了能够更好实现遥感影像分割, 本文提出一种基于生成对抗网络的3层遥感影像语义分割模型, 针对不同场景的解析, 基于全卷积神经网络FCN, 设计一种多层次的遥感语义分割框架. 有效对遥感图像语义分割进行处理, 从而提高了模型的分割精度. 实验表明利用这种模型是有效的, 特别是受损建筑的分割结果, mIoU为82.28%, 通过该模型与其他网络模型进行对比, 其性能评价指标明显优于其他网络模型. 最后, 通过对自然灾害各种场景影像进行分析, 为应急管理部门提供一份可靠的数据报告.     

排水系统中雨水检查井局部水头损失分析北大核心CSCD

在对排水系统中的排水管道进行设计时,除沿程水头损失外,局部水头损失也会在特定情况下占比较大,同样不可忽略。为此,根据排水管道及雨水检查井模型的试验数据,计算了不同工况下雨水检查井的局部水头损失系数,并对计算结果进行了分析。分析结果表明:雨水检查井主支管流量比对局部水头损失系数的影响较大,为主要影响因素。随流量比的增加,局部水头损失系数增幅可达1.2;雨水检查井形状及主支管接合角度为非主要影响因素,二者对局部水头损失系数的影响均小于0.2,下游水深及出流总流量对雨水检查井局部水头损失系数几乎不产生影响;所得结果与已有成果的对比分析表明,设置对称侧支管可减小雨水检查井的局部水头损失。该结果有助于深入认识雨水检查井局部水头损失的变化特点,为实际工程中优化城市排水系统设计、完善城市洪水管理方案提供计算依据。     

基于IGBT选型的整流器、逆变器损耗计算新方法研究

随着“双碳”概念深入人心,为满足企业对于节能减排、绿色发展的要求,以1 140 V/75 kW变频调速系统为研究对象,提出一种新颖的整流器和逆变器IGBT计算损耗方法,用于IGBT的选择和电力电子散热装置的设计。在实现过程中,考虑栅极驱动电阻和直流母线电压对损耗的影响,给出IGBT的导通损耗、总开关损耗、效率和结温的分析方法。基于IGBT损耗与结温的相互作用,得出IGBT结温曲线。并对IGBT进行了选择校核,仿真及实验验证了所提方案的正确性。     

Real time flood disaster monitoring based on energy efficient ensemble clustering mechanism in wireless sensor network

In this article, energy efficient ensemble clustering method (EECM) with black widow optimization (EECM-BWO) algorithm is proposed for effective data transmission with the help of real time flood disaster monitoring wireless sensor network (WSN). Initially, unified scalable ensemble clustering algorithm based on ensemble generation and consensus function is proposed for selecting the optimal routing path among the node using BWO algorithm. Then, biologically inspired routing black widow spiders optimization algorithm is proposed to trade off the nodes energy level, self-organization, and self-configuration in the WSN. The simulation is performed using NS2 simulator for validating the performance of the proposed EECM-BWO method. Here, in node, low delay achieves 24.07%, 72.58%, 51.36%, 81.75%, 77.74%, high packet delivery ratio achieves 70.83%, 53.93%, 90.23%, 43.58%, 24.58%, low packet drop attains 77.93%, 72.76%, 61.56%, 51.87%, 34.35%, low energy consumption attains 75.9%, 52.94%, 65.81%, 58%, 41.2% compared with existing energy-efficient clustering approach consolidated game theory as well as dual-cluster-head mode for WSNs energy-aware clustering by cuckoo optimization approach (EECM-COA), energy-aware clustering-based routing using multi-path reliable transmission with routing and control board (EECM-RCB-MRT), adaptive repair algorithm with temporally ordered routing algorithms for flood control strategy (EECM-AR-TORA-FCS), passive multi-hop clustering algorithm (EECM-PMC), dynamic source routing protocol based on genetic algorithm-bacterial foraging optimization (DSR-GA-BFO).     

DC流对液氦温区斯特林型脉管制冷机的影响

理论研究表明DC流(Direct Current flow)存在于大多数双向进气结构的脉管制冷机中。开展了10 K以下多级斯特林脉管的实验研究,考察了在液氦温区斯特林脉管内直流流动对制冷机性能影响的规律。在采用双向进气结构对DC流流向及流量适当控制时,制冷机性能得到明显提升,在8—7 K温区适当的DC流下冷端由7.42 K降低至7.16 K。     

High‐rise concrete and clay block masonry building in Brazil

Brazilian structural concrete and clay block masonry construction shares many common features with construction all over the world: blocks of a similar shape are bedded in mortar, vertical and horizontal reinforcement is placed in grouted cells, engineering analysis and design follows universal principles and local design codes mimic those adopted elsewhere. However, loadbearing masonry construction in Brazil has become one of the most preferred high‐rise building systems due to its cost‐effectiveness and ease of construction compared to normal reinforced concrete solutions. This paper provides an overview of loadbearing masonry building in Brazil, including case studies on notable high‐rise masonry structures, with an overview of how Brazilian materials, codes and practices differ from the rest of the world. Finally, the paper explains how the use of high‐strength units assists the growing demand for taller and taller buildings and provides insight into why owners and general contractors often prefer to use structural masonry.     

Refractive indices of layers and optical simulations of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells

Cu(In,Ga)Se₂-based solar cells have reached efficiencies close to 23%. Further knowledge-driven improvements require accurate determination of the material properties. Here, we present refractive indices for all layers in Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ solar cells with high efficiency. The optical bandgap of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ does not depend on the Cu content in the explored composition range, while the absorption coefficient value is primarily determined by the Cu content. An expression for the absorption spectrum is proposed, with Ga and Cu compositions as parameters. This set of parameters allows accurate device simulations to understand remaining absorption and carrier collection losses and develop strategies to improve performances.     

Stochastic simulation of velocity pulses of near-fault ground motions based on multivariate copula modeling

Due to the featured high-amplitude, long-period pulses in velocity or displacement time–history, the near-fault ground motion may have a stronger destructive effect on engineering structures. Therefore, studying velocity pulses modeling of near-fault ground motions has been an important topic in the earthquake engineering community. However, the variability and probabilistic correlation of pulse model parameters have not received enough attention. To this end, an elegant method for stochastic simulation of velocity pulses of near-fault ground motions is proposed based on the classical Gabor wavelet modeling and probabilistic correlation analysis of associated model parameters by multivariate copula modeling. Especially, an efficient scheme of iteratively determining the optimal copulas pertinent to edges of a complex vine structure is developed, and two parameters relevant to the near-fault ground motion records, i.e., the rupture distance and the strongest pulse orientation, are introduced which provides a physical basis for addressing the dependence structure among variables. For illustrative purposes, the ground accelerograms recorded by near-fault instruments in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake are used. It is shown that the multivariate copula modeling enables the efficient representation of probabilistic correlation between model parameters which is consistent with their physical mechanism. The time histories and spectral characteristics of velocity pulses of near-fault ground motions and their stochastic fluctuations with respect to the rupture distance are well simulated. While the empirical linear regression model does not meet the requirements of random vibration analysis and thus cannot guide the safety design of seismic structures.