Reaction scheme and kinetic modelling for the MTO process over a SAPO-18 catalyst

A kinetic model for simulation of the MTO process over SAPO-18 catalyst in a wide range of operating conditions has been proposed. The kinetic model predicts the experimental evolution of reaction products with time on stream, which follows three consecutive periods: initiation (where olefin production increases), a period of maximum olefin production and a period in which this production decreases. The kinetic scheme takes into account these three steps that evolve with time on stream: formation of active intermediate compounds, an step where olefins are formed by reaction of oxygenates (methanol/DME) with these intermediates and deactivation of intermediates by degradation to coke. The presence of water in the reaction medium attenuates the reaction rate of these steps. Discrimination of kinetic equations and calculation of the parameters of best fit have been carried out by solving the mass conservation equations of the individual components of the kinetic scheme together with the kinetic equation for deactivation and taking into account the effect of water on the kinetics of each step.     

环锭细纱机减少成纱毛羽的对策

通过对环锭细纱机成纱毛羽的成因分析 ,提出减少成纱毛羽的措施。     

交联聚合物驱油技术研究及应用

交联聚合物驱油技术是聚合物驱油技术的发展和改善，与单纯聚合物相比，该体系具有抗剪切、耐温耐盐、在多孔介质中阻力系数大等特点，能较大程度改善油藏非均质程度，提高原油采收率。以其作为驱油体系具有创新性，可更好地适应高含水期油藏特性，是一种集调剖和驱替于一体的新型驱油技术。文中对交联聚合物的交联机理进行了探讨，给出了室内评价结果，分析了该技术在孤岛油田渤19块的应用效果，现场应用表明，该技术增油降水效果显著，是比较理想的提高EOR的新方法。     

渤中13-1油田井身结构优化研究

针对渤中 1 3- 1油田钻井过程中存在的主要问题 ,利用测井、地质、录井和钻井资料 ,对该油田的井身结构进行研究 ,设计出合理的井身结构 ,优化了套管程序 ,为进一步减少钻井过程中漏、喷、塌、卡等复杂情况的发生 ,提供了科学的理论依据     

论剪切质量的提高

通过对飞剪剪切长度，精度，剪刃间隙和压板机构等参数的优化，来提高钢板的剪切质量。     

论我国大学不良竞争的形成及控制

大学在办学资源、办学过程、办学质量、办学形象的竞争中出现大量的不良倾向。大学的不良竞争是由于政府主导资源配置、资源和制度供给不足、大学系统重构等因素导致。必须通过控制主体、控制手段的转变和控制对象的发展形成新的控制机制，以保证大学竞争的秩序化和规范化。     

Operation of superconducting fault current limiter using vacuum interrupter driven by electromagnetic repulsion force for commutating switch

Using conventional high‐temperature superconducting wire, a model superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is made and tested. Solenoid coil using Bi2223 silver sheath wire is so made that inductance is as small as possible and a vacuum interrupter is connected in series to it. A conventional reactor coil is connected in parallel. When the fault current flows in this equipment, superconducting wire is quenched and current is transferred into the parallel coil because of voltage drop of superconducting wire. This large current in parallel coil actuates magnetic repulsion mechanism of vacuum interrupter. Due to opening of vacuum interrupter, the current in superconducting wire is broken. By using this equipment, current flow time in superconducting wire can be easily minimized. On the other hand, the fault current is also easily limited by large reactance of parallel coil. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 164(1): 52–61, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20315     

Formation of composites fabricated by exothermic dispersion reaction in A1-TiO2-B2O3 system

The formation of aluminum matrix composites fabricated by exothermic dispersion reaction in A1-TiO2-B2O3 system was investigated. The thermal analysis results show that the reactions are spontaneous and exothermic. The Gibbs free energy of α-Al2O3 is the lowest among all the combustion products, followed by TiB2 and Al3Ti. It is noted that when the B2O3/TiO2 mole ratio is below 1, the reaction products are composed of particle-like α-Al2O3, TiB2 and rod-like Al3Ti. The α-Al2O3 crystallites, resulting from the reaction between A1 and TiO2 or B2O3, are segregated at the grain boundaries due to a lower wettability with the matrix. SEM micrographs show that rod-like Al3Ti phase distributes uniformly in the matrix. When the BEO3/TiO2 mole ratio is around 1, the Al3Ti phase almost disappears in the composites, and the distribution of α-Al2O3 particulates is improved evidently.     

文化的冲突与融合对德育的影响机制

从人类文化发展的历史来看,文化的冲突与融合是一种规律。没有文化的冲突与融合,就没有文化的发展与创新。在世界全球化的进程中,各种文化间的冲突与融合已经成为不可避免的普遍现象。文化的核心是价值观。不同的文化有不同的价值观,文化的差异必然引起人们价值观的变化。在文化的冲突与融合过程中,冲突是必然的,但融合是主流。正是通过文化的交流和传播、文化适应和外来文化本土化以及文化转型等文化融合的主要方式,从而来对人们的道德观念、价值取向等产生深刻的影响。     

膏盐岩地层地质特征与录井技术

石油勘探实践和研究结果表明，许多油气藏的形成都与膏盐岩地层有关，也常与膏盐岩地层伴生，成功钻穿膏盐岩地层是钻井难题之一，录井技术成为钻进安全监测、膏盐岩地层准确预报的重要手段。针对上述情况，介绍了膏盐岩地层的主要类型、沉积模式以及与油气的关系，归纳总结了膏盐岩地层的录井技术经验，包括：在随钻录井过程中熟悉地质设计与邻井资料；在没有预测钻遇膏盐岩地层的情况下，通过钻井液中Cl^-的变化判定是否钻遇膏盐岩地层；预计钻遇膏盐岩地层时，使用饱和盐水钻井液；钻遇膏盐岩地层后观察盐岩是否以岩屑形式返出；同时，把握膏盐岩地层的岩性、岩性组合、层位、顶底界和厚度是非常重要的。通过S1井实例分析，论述了在膏盐岩地层中钻进时，防卡、防漏是录井人员监测和预报的重点。