基于可靠性评价的含缺陷核压力管道疲劳寿命预测方法

含缺陷压力管道经缺陷评定合乎使用后,其疲劳寿命的估计具有重要的工程意义。将整个含缺陷压力管道作为一个整体,分析了含缺陷压力管道的疲劳裂纹扩展特点,提出了相应的含缺陷压力管道疲劳寿命的计算过程,并在基于可靠性评价的基础上,给出了核压力管道的可接受失效概率,最终得到了含缺陷核压力管道疲劳寿命预测方法。     

高分辨率地震资料处理中的优化速度分析方法

速度分析是地震资料处理过程中的重要一环。速度分析的质量直接影响动静校正,继而影响叠加成像以及偏移归位。针对如何优化速度分析,提出了基于道集资料噪音衰减、道集内相位时差校正、道集优化处理以及速度拾取应用约束等过程的优化速度分析方法。该方法在实际资料处理中取得了很好的效果。     

Optimization of Selective Epitaxial Growth of Silicon in LPCVD

Selective epitaxial growth (SEG) of silicon has attracted considerable attention for its good electrical properties and advantages in building microstructures in high‐density devices. However, SEG problems, such as an unclear process window, selectivity loss, and nonuniformity have often made application difficult. In our study, we derived processing diagrams for SEG from thermodynamics on gas‐phase reactions so that we could predict the SEG process zone for low pressure chemical vapor deposition. In addition, with the help of both the concept of the effective supersaturation ratio and three kinds of E‐beam patterns, we evaluated and controlled selectivity loss and nonuniformity in SEG, which is affected by the loading effect. To optimize the SEG process, we propose two practical methods: One deals with cleaning the wafer, and the other involves inserting dummy active patterns into the wide insulator to prevent the silicon from nucleating.     

烟气轮机叶片应力分析与寿命评估方法评述

烟气轮机是炼油厂催化裂化装置的关键设备,合理预测叶片疲劳寿命是保障烟机安全运行的有效手段。从力学建模和边界条件两个方面简要阐述了叶片的应力分析方法,并系统分析了影响烟机叶片疲劳寿命的主要因素,提出了利用改进的局部应力应变法进行叶片寿命预测的合理性和叶片疲劳寿命的评估方法。     

对悬臂式单转子离心机械临界转速的分析

离心机械是石油、化工、采矿等行业的常用机械,在使用过程中常出现振动现象,从而减少机器的使用寿命。要使机器运转平稳,在机器设计时必须进行临界转速计算,以使机器运转工况避开其临界转速。通过对离心机械临界转速公式的研究,发现悬臂式单转子离心机械的临界转速中窄转子离心机械有1个临界转速,宽转子离心机械有2个临界转速。     

加油站油品损耗的管理问题分析及解决办法

针对加油站在油品进、销、存方面因管理和人为作弊而产生的损耗大问题，提出了解决办法：各环节交接手续要严密完备；发货方实施保量运输，选择信誉好的承运方；在销售、储存方面应加强管理，推行加油站计量员、账务员集中管理，主要账表电子表格化，及时上报主管部门，执行责任追究制并与效益工资挂钩。     

Preschool Competency in Context: An Investigation of the Unique Contribution of Child Competencies to Early Academic Success.

The present concurrent study combined developmental and ecological considerations to examine the unique contribution of multiple preschool competencies to an indicator of early academic success. Participants included 195 Head Start children from 32 classrooms representative of a large, urban Head Start program. Dimensional (variable-centered) analyses revealed 3 distinct classroom competency dimensions (i.e., General Classroom Competencies, Specific Approaches to Learning, and Interpersonal Classroom Behavioral Problems). The first 2 of these dimensions were found to be uniquely associated with early academic success. Findings from typological (person-centered) analyses supported the dimensional findings. Typological analyses revealed 7 profiles of classroom competency distinguished by high scores on the dimensions of General Competencies and Approaches to Learning, and these profiles were found to relate differentially to the indicator of early academic success. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

小流域氮流失特征及其影响因素

由非点源流失的氮是造成水体污染的主要因子之一，而土地利用方式往往对氮的流失产生重要影响。本课题在福建省九龙江流域遴选了4个不同土地利用方式的小流域，通过在自然降雨条件下现场采样与室内分析相结合，研究不同土地利用结构的小流域氮的流失特征和影响因素。研究结果表明：总氮、可溶态氮和泥沙结合态氮的浓度通常比径流先达到峰值，然后开始降低；氮的流失以可溶态氮为主(占73%～98.3％)，因此其流失量主要受径流量的影响与雨强关系不大；土地利用方式对氮的流失有明显影响，一般植被覆盖度提高可以降低流失，而农业活动会加剧流失；此外，在高植被覆盖度的天然林地，氮的流失呈现出以泥沙结合态为主。通过本研究可以看出土地利用结构的调整和合理布置是九龙江流域非点源污染控制的重点。     

南水北调中线工程战略环境影响评价探讨

根据南水北调中线工程的特点,从宏观性、全局性、综合性和协调性提出了环境评价指标体系。研究和评价了中线工程对我国可持续发展战略影响、水资源优化配置与可持续利用、增强综合国力和地区竞争力、促进京津华北地区可持续发展战略问题。进行了中线工程对宏观经济、区域经济发展,社会公平、城市化进程、改善生活质量等社会发展,以及水环境保护、生态完整性与重要敏感生态问题、移民与可持续发展等宏观影响的评价研究,提出了保护水环境、生态修复、防护与保护的战略对策措施。