Learning during sleep?

Studies on the sleep-learning phenomenon are criticized in terms of weaknesses in experimental design, statistics and methodology employed, and criteria of sleep. While it is highly speculative that the studies reviewed show that sleep-learning is possible, "The conditions under which the results were found tend more to support the contention that some learning takes place in a special kind of waking state wherein Ss apparently do not remember later on if they had been awake. This may be of great practical importance from the standpoint of economy in study time, but it cannot be construed as sleep-learning." 25 references. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

百合水提物对对氯苯丙氨酸失眠模型大鼠睡眠改善作用研究

目的 研究不同剂量的百合水提取物对对氯苯丙氨酸(PCPA)失眠模型大鼠睡眠作用的影响。方法 大鼠腹腔注射PCPA混悬液制备大鼠失眠模型。将造模成功大鼠随机分为模型对照组、百合水提物组-低、百合水提物组-中、百合水提物组-高,另设空白对照组。百合水提物组-低 (100 mg/kg.d)、百合水提物组-中(200 mg/kg.d)、百合水提物组-高(300 mg/kg.d)大鼠连续 7 d 给予相应浓度药液,模型对照组和空白对照组连续 7 d 给予生理盐水灌胃。给药期间,观察大鼠一般状态;给药结束后,观察大鼠体质量变化、睡眠潜伏期、总睡眠时间,同时评价不同脑组织中五羟色胺、5-羟基吲哚乙酸、多巴胺含量的变化。结果 百合水提物各剂量组的大鼠在给药期间的一般状态均优于模型组,体质量增加情况也与正常对照组无显著差异;百合水提物中、高剂量组的睡眠潜伏期与模型组相比显著缩短(P＜0.05),百合水提物各剂量组的睡眠时间与模型组相比显著延长(P＜0.05);与模型对照组比较,各给药组大鼠不同脑组织中的5-HT含量显著升高(P < 0.05,P < 0.01),百合水提物中、高剂量组大鼠不同脑组织中的5-HIAA 含量显著升高(P < 0.05,P < 0.01),同时上述２个给药组大鼠的下丘脑、中缝核中的DA含量显著降低(P < 0.05),海马中仅百合水提物高剂量组的DA含量与对照组相比显著降低(P < 0.05)。结论 百合水提物具有改善PCPA失眠模型大鼠睡眠情况的作用。     

无线传感器网络节点周期性休眠时间同步研究

为了实现无线传感器网络节点的有效时间同步,采用了OMNeT＋＋仿真工具,并改进了TPSN算法,提出了一种无线传感器网络节点周期性休眠时间同步算法。算法分为发现及收集子节点信息和节点同步两个阶段,实现了对无线传感器网络节点的实时精确时间同步。仿真结果表明,该时间同步算法能实现对网络节点十分准确的同步。     

Discovery of a Potent,CNS‐Penetrant Orexin Receptor Antagonist Based on an N,N‐Disubstituted‐1,4‐diazepane Scaffold that Promotes Sleep in Rats

Silent Night : Antagonism of the orexin (or hypocretin) system has recently been identified as a novel mechanism for the treatment of insomnia. Herein, we describe discovery of a dual (OX₁R/OX₂R) orexin receptor antagonist featuring a 1,4‐diazepane central constraint that blocks orexin signaling in vivo. In telemetry‐implanted rats, oral administration of this antagonist produced a decrease in wakefulness, while increasing REM and non‐REM sleep.

     

一种宽电源电压带隙基准源的设计

提出一种可在宽电源电压范围下工作的带隙基准源设计.由于采用了一些新的结构,使得其电源抑制比和温度稳定性有明显提高.为支持电源管理芯片的休眠工作模式以降低待机功耗,电路中专门设置了一个辅助的微功耗基准,在正常模式下为电路提供偏置,在休眠模式中替代主基准以节省功耗.仿真结果表明,该基准源提供的1.27V基准电压在-20至120℃范围内的最大温漂为3.5mV.当供电电压由3V变化至40V时,基准电压的变化为56μV.在低于10kHz的频率范围内基准源具有大于100dB的电源抑制比.芯片采用1.5μm BCD(Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS)工艺设计与实现.实验结果证实上述设计目标已基本实现.     

Oxadiazole Derivatives as Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonists: Synthesis,Structure–Activity Relationships,and Sleep-Promoting Properties in Rats

The orexin system plays an important role in the regulation of wakefulness. Suvorexant, a dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) is approved for the treatment of primary insomnia. Herein, we outline our optimization efforts toward a novel DORA. We started our investigation with rac-[3-(5-chloro-benzooxazol-2-ylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-(5-methyl-2-[1,2,3]triazol-2-ylphenyl)methanone ( 3 ), a structural hybrid of suvorexant and a piperidine-containing DORA. During the optimization, we resolved liabilities such as chemical instability, CYP3A4 inhibition, and low brain penetration potential. Furthermore, structural modification of the piperidine scaffold was essential to improve potency at the orexin 2 receptor. This work led to the identification of (5-methoxy-4-methyl-2-[1,2,3]triazol-2-ylphenyl)-{(S)-2-[5-(2-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)-[1,2,4]oxadiazol-3-yl]pyrrolidin-1-yl}methanone ( 51 ), a potent, brain-penetrating DORA with in vivo efficacy similar to that of suvorexant in rats.     

基于WirelessHART协议的适配器低功耗设计

针对WirelessHART适配器因功耗高造成回路压降大,导致工作不稳定以及过程数据回传周期长、实时性差的问题,提出一种基于WirelessHART协议的适配器低功耗设计。本设计分析了适配器能耗最高的搜索态与运行态特点,采用多态独立式节能策略。搜索态阶段,通过动态MCU睡眠机制,优化广告包搜索算法,提高搜索效率,使回路压降只有2.5 V,保证入网稳定性。运行态阶段,引入电能动态自适应算法与MCU睡眠机制,降低电能消耗,结合TDMA时隙调度算法,提升过程数据回传的实时性。实验表明,适配器以4~20 mA回路供电方式,在环境温度-40℃~85℃条件下,工作稳定,整体功耗降低40%,过程数据回传周期缩短4倍。     

基于OneNET的老人健康管理系统设计

With the acceleration of China's aging society, more and more people are stepping into the ranks of the elderly. The self- care ability and self-protection ability of the elderly are gradually reduced, and their health problems have been widely concerned. Aiming at the problem of elderly health management, this paper designs an elderly health management system based on OneNET, in- cluding sleep monitor, motion monitor and client application software. It can monitor and analyze the data of heart rate and respira- tion. When the old people fall down accidentally, the system can alarm and locate in time. It realizes the management of the health status of the elderly.     

Crosstalk‐noise‐aware bus coding with low‐power ground‐gated repeaters

Crosstalk noise is one of the serious reliability concerns in nanoscale integrated circuits. Repeater insertion together with shielding wires is a typical method to suppress crosstalk noise associated with global data bus. A new crosstalk‐noise‐aware bus coding scheme with ground‐gated repeaters is proposed in this paper to minimize the routing overhead as well as power consumption of data bus systems. A subset of 4‐to‐6 crosstalk‐noise‐aware codes is selected to minimize the number of simultaneous data transitions. The routing overhead is reduced by 12.31% with the new bus coding scheme compared with the conventional data bus with shielding wires. Furthermore, the leakage power and worst‐case active power consumptions are reduced by 12.5% and 18.26%, respectively, with the new crosstalk‐noise‐aware data bus system as compared with the previously published bus coding system in an industrial 40‐nm CMOS technology.