铁炭内电解法处理酸性废水

利用铁炭内电解法处理酸性废水,研究了铁、炭、pH值、水力停留时间对此废水COD去除效果的影响。结果表明,通过铁炭内电解可使酸性废水COD去除率达83%。     

电子束辐照和氢氧化铝对LLDPE/EVA共混物凝胶含量和力学性能的影响

研究了电子束辐照剂量和氢氧化铝(ATH)的含量对线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)/乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)共混物凝胶含量和力学性能的影响。辐照剂量是影响LLDPE/EVA/ATH阻燃体系凝胶含量的主要因素,而ATH对其凝胶含量的影响较小。随着ATH含量的增加,LLDPE/EVA共混物的拉伸强度逐步增加,断裂伸长率迅速下降。所有阻燃体系的拉伸强度均是随着辐照剂量的增加而逐步增大,但辐照剂量对这些阻燃体系的断裂伸长率的影响却比较复杂。     

铝锆有机金属偶联剂对超细碳酸钙表面性能的影响

利用铝锆有机金属偶联剂对超细碳酸钙进行表面改性。讨论了改性前后超细碳酸钙的润湿性、沉降体积等表面性质的变化。结果表明:改性后的超细碳酸钙与水的接触角增大;红外光谱和能谱分析表明,在无机碳酸钙粉体表面接枝上了铝锆有机基团;通过扫描电镜可以看出,改性后的超细碳酸钙在有机介质中的分散性得到改善。     

Development of three-electrode type micro-electrochemical reactor on anodized aluminum with photon rupture and electrochemistry

Photon rupture with a focused single pulse of pulsed YAG-laser irradiation was used to fabricate an aluminum electrochemical micro-reactor. Porous type anodic oxide film formed on aluminum specimens was irradiated in solutions with a pulsed Nd-YAG laser beam through a convex lens to fabricate micro-channels, micro-electrode, and through holes (for reference electrode, solution inlet, and outlet). During irradiation, specimens were moved by a computer controlled XYZ stage. After irradiation, the surface of the micro-channel and through hole were again treated to form anodic oxide film and the surface of the micro-electrode was treated electrochemically to provide an Au layer. The calculated volume of the micro-reactor including micro-channel and through holes is about 1.5 μl. The cyclic voltammogram of the micro-electrochemical cell was measured in K₃Fe(CN)₆/K₄Fe(CN)₆ with both static and flowing solution at different scanning rates. The anodic and cathodic peak currents were measured and the values depended on scanning rate and ion concentration when the solution was static. With the flowing solution, limiting currents were observed and the anodic limiting current was increased with the cubic root of the solution flow rate.     

NiFe2O4隋性阳极的制备及其电解腐蚀机理

以Fe2O3和NiO为主要原料，添加2％（按质量计）MnO2，采用固相烧结工艺制备了NiFe2O4惰性阳极。用X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜对材料的组成和微观结构进行了研究，测量了样品在冰晶石熔盐中不同电流密度下的电解腐蚀速率，并对其腐蚀机理作了初步探讨。结果表明：惰性阳极由NiO和NiFe2O4尖晶石两相组成，MnO2作为固溶体在尖晶石晶界处富集。电解腐蚀呈现出物理化学溶解过程，熔盐对试样的电解腐蚀首先要在晶界处发生反应生成更稳定的FeAl2O4相，而FeAl2O4相结构致密，冰晶石熔盐通过该相向NiFe2O4尖晶石晶粒内扩散速度减慢，从而降低了腐蚀速率。     

四甲基氢氧化铵制备方法及应用

总结了几种制备四甲基氢氧化铵的方法,比较了各种方法的优缺点,介绍了其在不同领域的应用情况.认为离子膜电解法工艺设备简单、三废排放少,得到的产品纯度高,能够满足电子领域的需求,是较理想的制备方法,可取代氧化银法得到广泛的应用.     

Preparation of Titanium Nitride Films from Amide Precursors Synthesized by Electrolysis

A TiN precursor solution was synthesized by galvanostatic electrolysis of Ti metal and isopropylamine at a current density of 50 mA·cm⁻² at room temperature. TiN films were prepared by dip-coating of the precursor solution on a Si wafer, followed by two-stage heat treatment at 400°C and a fixed temperature of 800–1200°C in flowing N₂, N₂/NH₃, or NH₃ gas. The TiN films were characterized by XRD, chemical analysis, XPS, and electrical resistivity measurements. The TiN films were composed of uniform grains 20 to 200 nm in size with thicknesses ranging from 300 to 400 nm at temperatures of 800–1200°C. The effect of the heat treatment atmosphere (N₂ and NH₃) on the impurity content, crystallinity, particle size, and electrical resistivity is discussed.     

隔膜电解制备Mn^3＋的研究

对电解媒质ＭｎＳＯ４在有隔膜条件下电解制备Ｍｎ３＋过程进行了研究。结果表明，无论均相还是非均相隔膜电解，在常温２０℃、４０％Ｈ２ＳＯ４介质中，当电流密度、ＭｎＳＯ４浓度、电解时间在很宽的范围变动时，电流效率保持很高，至少在８５％以上。     

无隔膜槽中ACF电极成对电解脱色活性艳蓝KN-R

采用恒电流模式,同时以活性炭纤维(ACF)为阳极和阴极,在无隔膜电解槽中研究了不同电流密度下蒽醌染料活性艳蓝KN-R的电化学脱色。结果表明在1.0~1.5mA.cm-2时,电解槽中发生阳极电氧化和阴极电还原同时进行的成对电解脱色。成对电解的发生,可以提高电解槽的工作处理能力。当电流密度为1.1mA.cm-2时,脱色率达到87%。     

油田废水电解杀菌研究

采用电解杀菌技术处理油田废水，研究了电解时间、电流强度、极板间距以及电极联结方式等因素对废水中硫酸盐还原菌杀灭效果的影响。结果表明，油田废水经3min电解杀菌，硫酸盐还原菌杀灭率高达99．90％。随着电解时间的增加，硫酸盐还原菌的杀菌率进一步提高；电流强度增加，硫酸盐还原菌的杀灭率升高。在电流强度保持不变的情况下，随着极板间距增加，极板之间电压升高，更有利于杀灭硫酸盐还原菌。在极板间电流强度相同的条件下，两种电极联结方式的杀菌率差别不大，杀菌率均在99．9％以上。