������Ȼ����̽���о����½�չ����չ����

2002年AAPG年会于3月10－13日在美国休斯顿隆重召开。根据会议论文，介绍了国外天然气勘探与研究最新进展及发展趋势，其中包括：生物气、海域及深水区有利含气区带、际上新老气区带等常规天然气，以及煤层气、深盆气、天然气水合物等非常规天然气的最新勘探与研究进展。     

������Ȼ����̽ȡ�õ�ͻ��

鄂尔多斯盆地油气资源丰富 ,目前已累计探明天然气地质储量 1 18× 10 12 m3 ,成为了中国第一个天然气探明储量超过万亿立方米的大气区。长庆油田作为盆地勘探的主体 ,在 30余年的天然气勘探历程中 ,经历曲折和挫折 ,终于取得了令人瞩目的突破。靖边下古生界气田 (长庆气田 )的发现 ,即是解放思想 ,重新认识 ,改变构造成藏的认识 ,提出风化壳古地貌成藏认识的结果 ;榆林气田和苏里格气田的探明 ,则是解放思想 ,提出上古生界大面积含气背景下 ,存在高渗储层而坚持勘探的成果。天然气勘探取得突破是勘探者解放思想 ,对盆地特征重新认识 ,应用勘探新理论 ,改变勘探思路的结果。     

Modelling the impact of energy taxation

Energy taxation in Sweden is complicated and strongly guides and governs district energy production. Consequently, there is a need for methods for accurate calculation and analysis of effects that different energy tax schemes may have on district energy utilities. Here, a practicable method to analyse influence of such governmental policy measures is demonstrated. The Swedish Government has for some years now been working on a reform of energy taxation, and during this process, several interest groups have expressed their own proposals for improving and developing the system of energy taxation. Together with the present system of taxation, four new alternatives, including the proposed directive of the European Commission, are outlined in the paper. In a case study, an analysis is made of how the different tax alternatives may influence the choice of profitable investments and use of energy carriers in a medium‐sized district‐heating utility. The calculations are made with a linear‐programming model framework. By calculating suitable types and sizes of new investments, if any, and the operation of existing and potential plants, total energy costs are minimized. Results of the analysis include the most profitable investments, which fuel should be used, roughly when during a year plants should be in operation, and at what output. In most scenarios, the most profitable measure is to invest in a waste incineration plant. However, a crucial assumption is, with reference to the new Swedish waste disposal act, a significant income from incinerating refuse. Without this income, different tax schemes result in different technical solutions being most profitable. An investment in cogeneration seems possible in only one scenario. It is also found that particular features of some alternatives seem to oppose both main governmental policy goals, and intentions of the district heating company. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A Sensitivity-Based Design Space Exploration Methodology for Embedded Systems

In this paper, we propose a system-level design methodology for the efficient exploration of the architectural parameters of the memory sub-systems, from the energy-delay joint perspective. The aim is to find the best configuration of the memory hierarchy without performing the exhaustive analysis of the parameters space. The target system architecture includes the processor, separated instruction and data caches, the main memory, and the system buses. To achieve a fast convergence toward the near-optimal configuration, the proposed methodology adopts an iterative local-search algorithm based on the sensitivity analysis of the cost function with respect to the tuning parameters of the memory sub-system architecture. The exploration strategy is based on the Energy-Delay Product (EDP) metric taking into consideration both performance and energy constraints. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology has been demonstrated through the design space exploration of a real-world case study: the optimization of the memory hierarchy of a MicroSPARC2-based system executing the set of Mediabench benchmarks for multimedia applications. Experimental results have shown an optimization speedup of 2 orders of magnitude with respect to the full search approach, while the near-optimal system-level configuration is characterized by a distance from the optimal full search configuration in the range of 2%.     

中国石油未来油气勘探重点领域分析

根据近几年来的研究认识与勘探成果分析,未来几年中国石油油气勘探主要集中于如下五大重点领域:大面积低渗透岩性油气藏、成熟区复杂隐蔽油气藏、前陆盆地复杂构造油气藏、海相碳酸盐岩油气藏和渤海湾滩海第三系油气藏。     

特大型桥梁工程地质勘察区域地壳稳定性研究

重大工程区域地壳稳定性研究，是工程前期工程地质勘察的重要内容之一，并越来越多地为工程建设所重视。大桥工程地质勘察以往对此涉及较少，也无明确的统一规定，以长江上所建特大桥为例，对此项工程作了些探索性的研究，重点研究的问题是：区域构造环境及构造变形，地壳结构和深部构造，新构造活动，断裂活动，地震活动等，为大桥建设宏观决策和抗震设计提供依据。     

瞬态瑞雷面波法在软岩地层勘探中的应用

结合工程实例，介绍了在物性条件和地质条件复杂地区利用面波勘探技术解决软岩地区第四系覆盖层及其岩埋深的勘探方法。     

蒙古尼尔金盆地石油地质特征及勘探前景

位于蒙古国中部的尼尔金盆地是一个中生代裂谷盆地，目前仍处于勘探早期。盆地内下白垩统湖相泥岩和纸状页岩具有很强的生油能力，下白垩统的煤系地层及上二叠统-下侏罗统中富含有机质的泥岩和煤层是可能的气源岩；盆地内广泛分布着3套储集层；上侏罗统、下白垩统、上白垩统的泥岩是潜在的盖层；存在多种生储盖组合及远景圈闭类型。通过对石油地质条件的分析，认为尼尔金盆地很可能形成多套含油气层系和多种油气藏类型，推测在盆地中部和南部会有大的油气藏存在。     

柴达木盆地断裂系统特征与油气勘探战略方向

基底断裂格局决定了盆地构造演化和沉积发育,导致了北缘、中部和昆北3个各具特色的断裂构造系统。北缘断裂构造系统平面上以反S展布、剖面上以一系列北倾南冲的逆冲断层带及其所控制的同沉积构造呈阶梯向南下掉为特点,受北部祁连山构造应力系统的作用;南部昆北断裂构造系统发育压陷断槽和断阶带,受南部昆仑山构造应力系统的作用;中部断裂构造系统以两断夹一隆的冲起构造为特色,同时受祁连山和昆仑山构造应力的共同作用。断裂对油气藏的形成和分布有重要的控制作用,表现在对烃源岩、储集条件、圈闭形成及油气运聚等方面。依据断裂控烃特征并针对柴达木盆地的具体情况,柴达木盆地油气勘探应迅速转移到盆地腹地即中部断裂构造系统区,尤其是鄂博梁Ⅱ号一伊克雅乌汝、鸭湖—台吉乃尔构造带和中南隆起区,有望取得重大突破。      

地震勘探技术在焉耆盆地勘探开发中的合理应用探讨

地震勘探技术应用可以分为以二维地震研究构造为主的地震勘探初级阶段、以地震地层学为主的地震勘探中级阶段、以三维地震油藏静态描述为主的地震勘探高级阶段、以地震储层研究为主的开发地震妆级阶段和以四维地震进行油藏监测为主的开发地震高级阶段。针对5个不同阶段的地质条件和地质任务，选择使用合理的地震勘探技术是有效提高勘探开发效益的重要途径。焉耆盆地的勘探开发体现了以地震勘探为主的思路，在勘探开发过程中重视了针对不同勘探开发阶段和不同的地质 地震技术，因此，在早期勘探开发中取得了很好的经济效益。